Cysteine-rich 61 mediates inflammation by the NF-κB/cyclooxygenase-2 pathway in RF/6A cells.

Purpose: Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61) may enhance angiogenesis and inflammation in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an immediate-early gene product of inflammation and it also plays an important role in developing DR. We aim to investigate the effects of Cyr61 on COX-2 expression in chorioretinal vascular endothelial (RF/6A) cells and to study the possible signal transduction pathway and the transcriptional mechanisms.

Clinical features, pathogens, and mortality of endogenous endophthalmitis: A 10-year retrospective review in Northern Taiwan.

Purpose: To comprehensively review the epidemiology, clinical features, causative pathogens, primary infection sites, and mortality of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients diagnosed with EE at National Taiwan University Hospital between 2014 and 2024. Clinical data, including patient demographics, underlying systemic diseases, identified pathogens, infection sources, and outcomes, were analyzed.

The Exponential Constriction Model of the Ellipsoid Zone in Taiwanese Individuals With RPGR-Related X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Purpose: This study documents the natural disease progression and genotype-phenotype correlation in RPGR-related retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in the Taiwanese population.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on individuals with molecularly confirmed RPGR-related disease-causing variant(s). Demographics, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), fundus autofluorescence, and optical coherence tomography were assessed.

Discrete photoentrainment of mammalian central clock is regulated by bi-stable dynamic network in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

The biological clock synchronizes with the environmental light-dark cycle through circadian photoentrainment. While intracellular pathways regulating clock gene expression after light exposure in the suprachiasmatic nucleus are well studied in mammals, the neuronal circuits driving phase shifts remain unclear. Here, using a mouse model, we show that chemogenetic activation of early-night light-responsive neurons induces phase delays at any circadian time, potentially breaking the photoentrainment dead zone.

Relationship between genotype, phenotype, and refractive status in patients of inherited retinal degeneration.

Background: To elucidate the relationship between inherited retinal disease, visual acuity and refractive error development in Asian patients.

Subjects: Five hundred phakic eyes with refractive data were analysed in this retrospective cohort. Diseases were categorized by clinical phenotypes, and the prevalent genotypes identified in the Taiwan Inherited Retinal Degeneration Project were analysed.

Diagnosis and treatment of syphilitic uveitis: Taiwan experts consensus.

A recent resurgence in the incidence of syphilis has sparked a new interest in this old disease. Syphilitic uveitis remains a challenging disease, among the variable syphilis infections, due to the diagnostic complexity and the wide clinical manifestations. Here, we provide recommendations regarding clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment for patients with syphilitic uveitis in Taiwan based on an expert meeting and consensus from experienced uveitis specialists.

Permissible viewing times of educational projector and TV.

Projectors have become one major medium in modern teaching, with large area-size displays emerging as an alternative. What concerns the general public is whether such eLearning would impose threat on eyes, by noting blue enriched white light to be hazardous to retina and else. Especially, little was known about their permissible viewing time under a certain viewing clarity.

Long-term outcomes of combined intravitreal methotrexate and systemic high-dose methotrexate therapy in vitreoretinal lymphoma.

Objective: The optimal treatment for vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) remains a challenge, as central nervous system (CNS) relapse occurs frequently, leading to the worst impact on survival. We previously proposed combined intravitreal methotrexate and systemic high-dose methotrexate therapy for this disease. This study aimed to report the long-term outcomes of patients with VRL using this combination treatment.

RATE OF AND TIME TO COMPLETE RETINAL VASCULARIZATION IN PREMATURE INFANTS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Purpose: To evaluate the rate of and time to complete vascularization in premature infants and to explore associated factors.

Methods: A monocentric, retrospective cohort study including 541 premature infants who underwent screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) between July 2016 and June 2019. Patients underwent regular dilated fundus examinations with indirect ophthalmoscopy until complete vascularization.

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AFFECTING CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS WITH OR WITHOUT HIV INFECTION.

Purpose: To explore the clinical features and outcomes of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in patients with HIV and non-HIV.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all patients with CMVR in National Taiwan University Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, CMVR recurrence, and overall survival were compared between the HIV and non-HIV groups.

Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes of Tubercular Uveitis in Taiwan-A Ten-Year Multicenter Retrospective Study.

: This 10-year multicenter retrospective study reviewed the clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, and treatment modalities of tubercular uveitis (TBU), including direct infection and indirect immune-mediated hypersensitivity to mycobacterial antigens in Taiwan. : This retrospective chart review of patients with TBU was conducted at 11 centers from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2017. We used a multiple regression model to analyze which factors influenced best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement.

Transmembrane Mucin 1 Blocks Fluorescein Ingress to Corneal Epithelium.

Purpose: To determine the role of transmembrane mucins in blocking fluorescein ingress to the corneal epithelium and its deficiency in contributing to corneal fluorescein punctate staining.

Methods: A dry eye model was established by extirpating lacrimal and Harderian glands in rabbits to correlate the expression of mucins with fluorescein-stained areas on the corneal button using immunofluorescence. Expression of transmembrane mucins was promoted in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) by culturing with the mucin-promoting medium (MPM) or diquafosol treatment.

Clinical manifestations and risk factors for poor visual outcomes of ocular sarcoidosis in Taiwan.

Purpose: To assess ocular involvement in sarcoidosis and to analyze the manifestations of ocular sarcoidosis (OS) in Taiwan.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed in 364 patients diagnosed as sarcoidosis at National Taiwan University Hospital from 2015 to 2019. The OS diagnosis was based on the revised criteria of International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis.

Validation of the Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening Criteria in a Taiwanese Cohort.

Purpose: To validate the performance of Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity (G-ROP) screening criteria in a Taiwanese cohort.

Design: Screening evaluation with retrospective data.

Method: Premature infants who underwent retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening between January 2015 and April 2019 at a tertiary hospital were examined.

The Clinical Contribution of Full-Field Electroretinography and 8-Year Experiences of Application in a Tertiary Medical Center.

Electroretinography (ERG) is an important and well-established examination for retinal and visual pathway diseases. This study reviewed the medical records of patients who received full-field ERG (ffERG) at a single medical center between 2012 and 2019, which was an 8-year experience in the clinical contribution of ERG. Based on the indication for scheduling ffERG and the final diagnosis, patients could be classified into six groups: 'retinal dystrophies', 'other retinal or macular diseases', 'optic neuropathies', 'visual complaints', 'systemic diseases', and 'others'.

Clinical outcomes of intravitreal methotrexate injection protocol with a reduced initial frequency for intraocular lymphoma.

Background/purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics of intraocular lymphoma and to evaluate two protocols of intravitreal methotrexate injection.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of newly-diagnosed intraocular lymphoma patients between January 2013 and January 2018 at National Taiwan University Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups.

Dual GRIN lens two-photon endoscopy for high-speed volumetric and deep brain imaging.

Studying neural connections and activities is fundamental to understanding brain functions. Given the cm-size brain and three-dimensional neural circuit dynamics, deep-tissue, high-speed volumetric imaging is highly desirable for brain study. With sub-micrometer spatial resolution, intrinsic optical sectioning, and deep-tissue penetration capability, two-photon microscopy (2PM) has found a niche in neuroscience.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Bevacizumab Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes after intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) therapy in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) infants compared with those not exposed to IVB.

Clinical Relevance: The primary concern regarding IVB treatment of ROP is the potential systemic side effects, especially the risk of causing severe neurodevelopmental impairment (sNDI). Results regarding neurodevelopmental outcomes after IVB therapy are conflicting.

The Ocular Protective Effects of Nano/Submicron Particles Prepared from Fruits Against Oxidative Stress in an Animal Model.

To investigate the antioxidative properties of (LB) fruits in the eyes and to study whether LB fruits prepared with new nanotechnology have stronger antioxidative effects. Fourteen days post-supplementation with milled or blended LB fruits, intravitreal paraquat (PQ) was injected into Wistar rats to create oxidative stress. After an additional 14-day supplementation with LB fruits, the rats were sacrificed.

Involution of retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental outcomes after intravitreal bevacizumab treatment.

This single-centered, retrospective cohort study investigated the timing of involution of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and retinal vascularization to zone III after intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treatment and its possible impacts on postnatal growth and neurodevelopment. Premature infants with birth weight ≤1500 g, born between 2008 to 2014 and diagnosed with ROP were enrolled. All patients with type 1 ROP underwent IVB as 1st line treatment and were recruited as the study group; those with any stage of ROP except type 1 ROP without treatment served as controls.

Long-term results and risk factors influencing outcome of gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis with foveal detachment.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term results of gas tamponade without vitrectomy in patients with myopic foveoschisis (FS) and foveal detachment (FD).

Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 patients with myopic foveoschisis and foveal detachment were analysed retrospectively. All patients received an intravitreal injection of 0.

Effect of Fenofibrate on the Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in a Diabetic Rat Model.

: To investigate the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-α agonist, in preventing diabetic retinopathy (DR) progression via a diabetic rat model. : Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in 6-week-old female Wistar rats. Diabetic rats were divided into diabetes without treatment (n = 10), diabetes treated with low dose fenofibrate (30 mg/kg/day) (n = 10) and high dose fenofibrate (100 mg/kg/day) (n = 10).