A Rare Case of Primary Pulmonary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Transformed from Marginal Zone Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma.

Primary pulmonary lymphoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of lymphoid tissue affecting the lungs. The most common subtype is marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Rarely, a MALT lymphoma transforms into a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Characterization of Pleural Mesothelioma by Hierarchical Clustering Analyses Using Immune Cells within Tumor Microenvironment.

Introduction: Over the past decade, classifications using immune cell infiltration have been applied to many types of tumors; however, mesotheliomas have been less frequently evaluated.

Methods: In this study, 60 well-characterized pleural mesotheliomas (PMs) were evaluated immunohistochemically for the characteristics of immune cells within tumor microenvironment (TME) using 10 immunohistochemical markers: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, CD68, CD163, FOXP3, CD27, PD-1, and TIM-3. For further characterization of PMs, hierarchical clustering analyses using these 10 markers were performed.

CD70 and PD-L1 (CD274) co-expression predicts poor clinical outcomes in patients with pleural mesothelioma.

Diffuse pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a highly aggressive tumour typically associated with short survival. Recently, the effectiveness of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with unresectable PM was reported. CD70-CD27 signalling plays a co-stimulatory role in promoting T cell expansion and differentiation through the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway.

Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer.

The effects of heavy metals on cancer risk have been widely studied in recent decades, but there is limited data on the effects of these elements on cancer survival. In this research, we examined whether blood concentrations of the heavy metals arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were associated with the overall survival of lung cancer patients. The study group consisted of 336 patients with lung cancer who were prospectively observed.

Blood cadmium levels as a marker for early lung cancer detection.

Background: We assessed whether blood cadmium levels were associated with incident lung cancer and could be used in the context of a screening program for early-stage lung cancer.

Material And Methods: We measured blood cadmium levels among 205 lung cancer patients and 205 matched controls. Cases and controls were matched for sex, age and smoking history (total pack-years, years since cessation for former smokers).

Colorectal Adenocarcinomas Harboring ALK Fusion Genes: A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Genetic Study of 12 Cases and Review of the Literature.

This study determined the frequency and the clinicopathologic and genetic features of colorectal carcinomas driven by oncogenic fusions of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK). Of the 8150 screened tumors, 12 (0.15%) were immunohistochemically ALK-positive with D5F3 antibody.

Nucleolin and nucleophosmin expression patterns in pulmonary adenocarcinoma invading the pleura and in pleural malignant mesothelioma.

Background: Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) in adenocarcinoma of the lung is considered a poor prognostic factor. The purpose of this study was to analyze nucleolin and nucleophosmin expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PA) with VPI and in pleural malignant mesothelioma.

Methods: The study was conducted on the basis of 19 pathologically-confirmed cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung and 29 cases of epithelioid malignant mesothelioma.

Lung Cancer Occurrence-Correlation with Serum Chromium Levels and Genotypes.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Exposure to environmental and occupational carcinogens is an important cause of lung cancer. One of these substances is chromium, which is found ubiquitously across the planet.

Clinicopathological comparison and therapeutic approach to Castleman disease-a case-based review.

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare, B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder affecting lymph nodes and extranodal anatomical locations. Four types of clinical presentations can be distinguished after exclusion of mimics. The first division is into unicentric CD (UCD) and multicentric CD (MCD).

CD70 expression correlates with a worse prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma patients via immune evasion and enhanced invasiveness.

Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of the pleura (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumour that typically is associated with short survival. CD70 and CD27 belong to the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and the TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamily, respectively. Under physiological conditions, the tightly regulated interaction between CD70 and CD27 plays a co-stimulatory role in promoting T-cell expansion and differentiation through the NFκB pathway.

Colonic Adenocarcinomas Harboring NTRK Fusion Genes: A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Genetic Study of 16 Cases and Review of the Literature.

This study was undertaken to determine the frequency, and the clinicopathologic and genetic features, of colon cancers driven by neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) gene fusions. Of the 7008 tumors screened for NTRK expression using a pan-Trk antibody, 16 (0.23%) had Trk immunoreactivity.

Influence of the selenium level on overall survival in lung cancer.

Background: Although the results of studies in populations with low selenium status indicate an inverse correlation between body selenium levels and the risk of the lung cancer, the effect of this microelement on survival has not been studied.

Materials And Methods: We performed a prospective study of 302 patients diagnosed with lung cancer in Szczecin, Poland. Selenium concentration in serum was measured at the time of diagnosis and before treatment.

Primary malignant melanoma of esophagus: clinicopathologic characterization of 20 cases including molecular genetic profiling of 15 tumors.

Primary malignant melanoma of esophagus is very rare, and its clinicopathologic and genetic features have not been extensively investigated. In this study, 20 tumors from 14 male and 6 female patients (40-79 years old) were evaluated. Dysphagia, chest pain, and weight loss were frequent symptoms.

Iron levels, genes involved in iron metabolism and antioxidative processes and lung cancer incidence.

Background: Lung cancer is the most common adult malignancy accounting for the largest proportion of cancer related deaths. Iron (Fe) is an essential trace element and is a component of several major metabolic pathways playing an important role in many physiological processes. In this study we evaluated the association between Fe concentration in serum, iron metabolism parameters and genetic variaton in 7 genes involved in iron metabolism and anti-oxidative processes with the incidence of lung cancer in Poland.

Evaluation of the metabolic response to open and minimally invasive resection of the oesophagus due to oesophageal cancer.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic response in the early postoperative period after radical resection of stage I and II oesophageal cancer applying a minimally invasive procedure and an open procedure involving classical laparotomy and thoracotomy.

Material And Methods: Serum concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and total serum protein (TP) and leukocyte count (WBC) in blood collected on the day of surgery prior to the procedure (day 0) and on days 1, 2 and 7 after the surgery were measured in two groups of patients undergoing oesophageal resection due to cancer: applying a minimally invasive procedure involving laparoscopy and videothoracoscopy (group A) and applying a classical procedure involving full opening of the chest and abdominal cavity (group B). The study involved a total of 24 patients divided into two groups of 12 patients each.

Expression of ALCAM (CD166) and PD-L1 (CD274) independently predicts shorter survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of the pleura is a highly aggressive tumor typically associated with short survival. ALCAM (CD166), a type I transmembrane protein, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. In normal cells, ALCAM regulates physiological processes such as angiogenesis and immune response.

Serum folate concentration and the incidence of lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Folate helps to maintain DNA integrity and to regulate gene expression. Serum folate levels may affect the risk of several cancers, including lung cancer.

Comprehensive immunohistochemical study of mesothelin (MSLN) using different monoclonal antibodies 5B2 and MN-1 in 1562 tumors with evaluation of its prognostic value in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Mesothelin (MSLN) is a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface protein highly expressed in several types of malignant tumors sometimes in association with increased tumor aggressiveness and poor clinical outcome. In the present study, 1562 tumors were immunohistochemically analyzed for mesothelin expression using two different types of mouse monoclonal antibodies (5B2 and MN-1) to determine the clinical usefulness of mesothelin immunohistochemistry as well as to pinpoint potential targets for future anti-mesothelin therapy. Also, characterization of selected mesothelin-positive tumors was performed by immunohistochemistry and oncogene sequencing.

Serum 25(OH)D concentration, common variants of the VDR gene and lung cancer occurrence.

The first aim of our study was to examine the association between common variants in VDR [rs2228570 (FokI), rs1544410 (BsmI), rs7975232 (ApaI), rs731236 (TaqI) and rs11568820 (Cdx2)] and lung cancer risk in the Polish population. Genotyping and statistical analysis which included Chi-square test with Yates correction and haplotype frequency analysis were performed on a series of 840 consecutively collected lung cancer patients and 920 healthy controls. The second aim was to evaluate the link between serum 25(OH)D concentration and the number of lung cancers in a subgroup of 200 patients.

SP174, NRAS Q61R Mutant-Specific Antibody, Cross-Reacts With KRAS Q61R Mutant Protein in Colorectal Carcinoma.

Context: - NRAS is a member of the RAS family oncoproteins implicated in cancer. Gain-of-function NRAS mutations were reported in a subset of colorectal cancers. These mutations occur at codons 12, 13, and 61 and are detected by molecular genetic testing.

Alteration of Selected Neurotrophic Factors and their Receptor Expression in Mouse Brain Response to Whole-Brain Irradiation.

Ionizing radiation can significantly affect brain function in children and young adults, particularly in the hippocampus where neurogenic niches are located. Injury to normal tissue is a major concern when whole-brain irradiation (WBI) is used to treat central nervous system (CNS) tumors, and the pathogenesis of this injury remains poorly understood. We assessed the expression of selected neurotrophins (NTs) and NT receptors (NTRs) in brains of young mice after a single 10 Gy gamma-ray exposure using morphological and molecular analyses [qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC)] to evaluate WBI-induced injury in its acute phase.

GATA3: a multispecific but potentially useful marker in surgical pathology: a systematic analysis of 2500 epithelial and nonepithelial tumors.

GATA3 is a transcription factor important in the differentiation of breast epithelia, urothelia, and subsets of T lymphocytes. It has been suggested to be useful in the evaluation of carcinomas of mammary or urothelial origin or metastatic carcinomas, but its distribution in normal and neoplastic tissues is incompletely mapped. In this study, we examined normal developing and adult tissues and 2040 epithelial and 460 mesenchymal or neuroectodermal neoplasms for GATA3 expression to explore its diagnostic value in surgical pathology, using monoclonal antibody (clone L50-823) and Leica Bond automated immunohistochemistry.

Mapping of succinate dehydrogenase losses in 2258 epithelial neoplasms.

Losses in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex characterize 20% to 30% of extra-adrenal paragangliomas and 7% to 8% of gastric GISTs, and rare renal cell carcinomas. This loss is reflected as lack of the normally ubiquitous immunohistochemical expression of the SDH subunit B (SDHB). In paragangliomas, SDHB loss correlates with homozygous loss of any of the SDH subunits, typically by loss-of-function mutations.