Brucella canis was first identified in Italy at a commercial breeding kennel after investigating reproductive issues, with initial detection in aborted Chihuahua foetuses and later in blood samples of dogs.
Serological tests showed a significant number of dogs tested positive for the bacteria, revealing a possible infection within the kennel environment, although the source of the outbreak remains unknown.
Genomic analysis indicated limited variation among the strains, suggesting a single introduction of the bacteria; however, comparisons with global genomes highlighted a significant difference in related strains, complicating the search for the outbreak's origin.