Childhood trauma and relationship with the parents: associations with lipids, glucose, and prolactin levels during antipsychotic treatment in patients with first-episode psychosis.

Background: Besides antipsychotics and other clinical factors, childhood trauma (CT) may also alter metabolic and endocrine profiles. The aim was to determine whether CT influence metabolic profiles and prolactin levels in patients with first-episode psychosis treated with antipsychotics for up to one year. The quality of the relationship with the parents was also investigated.

Refining targets for urban remediation in early psychosis.

Aims: The emergence of psychosis generates city avoidance-a drastic decrease in city attendance and a lack of capacity to benefit from city's restorative resources among early psychosis patients (EP). Patients with low and moderate city attendance (self-reported duration and frequency of city outings before and after first episode of psychosis) have reduced access to important city resources and may benefit from a city-specific recovery-oriented program. This paper aims to refine the targets for such an intervention aimed at reducing city avoidance.

A dimensional approach to psychosis: identifying cognition, depression, and thought disorder factors in a clinical sample.

Traditional classification systems based on broad nosological categories do not adequately capture the high heterogeneity of mental illness. One possible solution to this is to move to a multi-dimensional model of mental illness, as has been proposed by the Research Domain Criteria and Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology frameworks. In this study, we explored the dimensional structure of psychotic disorders.

Pathways between childhood trauma, clinical symptoms, and functioning in new-onset psychosis: novel insights from a network analysis approach.

Childhood trauma (CT) has been linked to various domains of outcomes in individuals with new-onset psychosis, but the intricate relationships between different types of trauma, clinical symptoms, and functioning remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify patterns of relationships between these three domains in first-episode psychosis (FEP). The study sample consisted of 277 patients from the Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP) at Lausanne University Hospital.

Effectiveness of mindfulness based interventions in reducing depressive symptoms across mental disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Mindfulness based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly recognised for their efficacy in treating depressive disorders. Depressive symptoms are prevalent across various disorders and can significantly impact outcomes, therefore being an important transdiagnostic target. Multiple randomized controlled Trials (RCTs) have explored this question in discrete disorders; however, evidence has never been meta-analysed transdiagnostically.

Mental health professionals' perceptions and attitudes towards seclusion: The ambivalent relationship between safety and therapeutic considerations.

Background: Frequency of seclusion in acute psychiatric units varies greatly worldwide. In Switzerland, its use is authorised under strict conditions. However, this coercive measure is not implemented in every psychiatric hospital in the country.

Winter birth: A factor of poor functional outcome in a Swiss early psychosis cohort.

Objective: Winter birth has consistently been identified as a risk factor for schizophrenia. This study aimed to determine whether individuals born during this season are also at higher risk for early psychosis and whether this is associated with distinct functional and clinical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study on 222 patients during their early phase of psychosis in Switzerland, nested in the Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis (TIPP) cohort.

Statistical implication analysis: a novel approach to understand the reciprocal relationships between outcomes in early psychosis.

Background: Patients can respond differently to intervention in the early phase of psychosis. Diverse symptomatic and functional outcomes can be distinguished and achieving one outcome may mean achieving another, but not necessarily the other way round, which is difficult to disentangle with cross-sectional data. The present study's goal was to evaluate implicative relationships between diverse functional outcomes to better understand their reciprocal dependencies in a cross-sectional design, by using statistical implication analysis (SIA).

Pathways to experienced coercion during psychiatric admission: a network analysis.

Background: In mental health care, experienced coercion, also known as perceived coercion, is defined as the patient's subjective experience of being submitted to coercion. Besides formal coercion, many other factors have been identified as potentially affecting the experience of being coerced. This study aimed to explore the interplay between these factors and to provide new insights into how they lead to experienced coercion.

Gender differences in first episode psychosis: Some arguments to develop gender specific treatment strategies.

Introduction: Some aspects of gender differences in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) have been studied, especially in cross-sectional designs and with a short-term follow-up. However, only a few studies have considered the evolution during the follow-up of SSD patients according to their gender. In this study, we explore gender differences from the time of entry in an early intervention program for psychosis, up to three years follow-up.

Supported employment coaches' difficulties and facilitators with clients diagnosed with personality versus other disorders: A qualitative study.

Aim: People with severe mental illnesses (SMI) face different occupational challenges than those diagnosed with personality disorders (PD). Supported employment (SE) has been validated for SMI patients but its effectiveness for individuals with PD remains unclear, and the reasons for this potential difference have not been explored. This study aimed to identify differences in SE practice for clients with SMI and those with PD.

Neurocognition and NMDAR co-agonists pathways in individuals with treatment resistant first-episode psychosis: a 3-year follow-up longitudinal study.

This study aims to determine whether 1) individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia display early cognitive impairment compared to treatment-responders and healthy controls and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor hypofunction is an underlying mechanism of cognitive deficits in treatment-resistance. In this case‒control 3-year-follow-up longitudinal study, n = 697 patients with first-episode psychosis, aged 18 to 35, were screened for Treatment Response and Resistance in Psychosis criteria through an algorithm that assigns patients to responder, limited-response or treatment-resistant category (respectively resistant to 0, 1 or 2 antipsychotics). Assessments at baseline: MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery; N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor co-agonists biomarkers in brain by MRS (prefrontal glutamate levels) and plasma (D-serine and glutamate pathways key markers).

Reduction of DUP in early intervention programmes: No pain… almost no gain.

Aim: Considering the negative impact of long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) on outcome, its reduction has become one of the aims of early intervention programmes. The TIPP programme (Treatment and early Intervention in Psychosis Program) was implemented in 2004 in Lausanne and hoped to reduce DUP, without any specific campaign in this regard, through the provision of accessible and specialized treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of patients' DUP over time and the characteristics of patients with extreme DUP.

Measurement of perceived pressures in psychiatry: paper-and-pencil and computerized adaptive version of the P-PSY35 scale.

Purpose: Formal coercion in psychiatry is widely studied yet much less is known about pressures patients may experience, partly because of the very few measures available. The goal of this study was to validate the P-PSY35 (Pressures in Psychiatry Scale) and provide a paper-and-pencil and a computerised adaptive test (CAT) to measure pressures experienced by patients in psychiatry.

Methods: The P-PSY35 items were developed with users.

Pathways to care in youth and young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis in Switzerland: Current situation and clinical implementation of the PsyYoung project.

Aim: We aim to give an insight into the current situation in Switzerland concerning the pathways to care of young people with clinical high risk of psychosis. In a second step we propose a procedure of optimizing pathways to care developed within the project PsyYoung.

Methods: A qualitative survey derived and adapted from Kotlicka-Antczak et al.

Impact of a family history of mental disorders on the characteristics of patients with early psychosis.

Aim: Children of parents with psychiatric illness have a higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders. This is particularly the case for psychoses and the evolution of these disorders could likely differ. The aim of this study was to study the impact of a first-degree and second-degree family history of psychiatric disorders (FHPD) on the characteristics of patients with early psychosis in a specialized programme.

How do decision making and fairness mediate the relationship between involuntary hospitalisation and perceived coercion among psychiatric inpatients?

Background: Coercion perceived by psychiatric inpatients is not exclusively determined by formal measures such as involuntary admissions, seclusion or restraint, but is also associated with patients' characteristics and professionals' attitude.

Aims: This study examined how inpatients' involvement in the decision making process, the respect of their decision making preference, and their feeling of having been treated fairly mediate the relationship between involuntary hospitalisation and perceived coercion both at admission and during hospital stay.

Methods: Mediation analysis were performed in order to study the relationship between involuntary hospitalisation and perceived coercion among 230 patients, voluntarily and involuntarily admitted in six psychiatric hospitals.

Good psychiatric management for borderline personality disorder: A qualitative study of its implementation in a supported employment team.

Introduction: People with borderline personality disorder have difficulties with work. The Individual Placement and Support model has shown its worldwide effectiveness in terms of vocational rehabilitation for individuals with psychiatric disorders. However, only a few recent studies have explored its results for people with personality disorders, and the findings were mitigated.

Proxy measures for the assessment of psychotic and affective symptoms in studies using electronic health records.

Background: There is a lack of standardised psychometric data in electronic health record (EHR)-based research. Proxy measures of symptom severity based on patients' clinical records may be useful surrogates in mental health EHR research.

Aims: This study aimed to validate proxy tools for the short versions of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-6), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS-6) and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-6).

A randomized controlled trial of a targeted support program for informal caregivers in adult psychiatry.

Background: The importance of informal caregivers for persons with severe mental illness has been demonstrated. However, this role may cause a high care burden that considerably affects caregiver health. The Ensemble program is a five-session brief individual intervention designed to support informal caregivers.

Risk and protective factors for recovery at 3-year follow-up after first-episode psychosis onset: a multivariate outcome approach.

Purpose: Recovery in people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) remains a major issue. When risk factors are studied in relation to the disorder, potential protective factors should also be considered since they can modulate this relationship. This study is aimed at exploring which premorbid and baseline characteristics are associated with a good and poor global recovery in patients with FEP at 3-year follow-up.

Measuring the Severity of Objective and Subjective Patient-to-Staff Violence in Psychogeriatric and Adult Psychiatric Wards: A Retrospective Study of Four Swiss Hospitals.

Measurement of patient-to-staff violence (PSV) is essential for the institution to prevent negative outcomes and provide effective interventions. Although there are several approaches to doing this in psychiatry, little is known about how well they adapt to different types of wards. The role of gender and age also needs further investigation.

A better understanding of the impact of childhood trauma on depression in early psychosis: A differential item functioning approach.

Background: Childhood trauma (CT) has been shown to impact depressive symptoms measured broadly in early psychosis patients. Beyond the broad intensity of such impact, less is known about which depressive features are more impacted.

Methods: Patients of a specialized early intervention programme were evaluated after the first two and six months of treatment with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).