Facial Patterns and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children Seeking for Orthodontic Treatment: Data From 3671 Polysomnographic Recordings.

Aim: To evaluate the association between vertical and sagittal facial profile characteristics and the diagnosis/severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) based on hospital-based polysomnography (PSG) in children attending their first orthodontic visit.

Materials And Methods: 3671 children aged 7 to 9 years who attended a private practice for a first orthodontic consultation were included. Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI) was measured from PSG, while vertical and skeletal facial profile characteristics were assessed according to the Modified Sassouni Analysis on lateral cephalogram.

A comparative study of femtosecond pulsed and continuous wave lasers on physiological responses through activation of phytochromes in seeds.

Unlabelled: Red light activates phytochrome photoreceptors, which mediate such key developmental steps as germination and seedling photomorphogenesis in . To examine the details of these responses, we developed a novel experimental system and demonstrated that brief, high-intensity light pulses can elicit sustained physiological responses. We observed that the seeds responded to the femtosecond laser light pulses, but with lower sensitivity compared with continuous light sources having the same average fluence.

Blue or far-red light supplementation induced pre-hardening in the leaves of the Rht12 wheat dwarfing line: hormonal changes and freezing tolerance.

Reduced height (Rht) genes have revolutionised wheat cultivation, but they can compromise freezing tolerance, and only a few alleles are in use. Thus, evaluating the role of other Rht alleles in stress responses is crucial. Far-red supplementation of white light (W+FR) can induce pre-hardening in cereals at 15°C.

The Effect of White Light Spectrum Modifications by Excess of Blue Light on the Frost Tolerance, Lipid- and Hormone Composition of Barley in the Early Pre-Hardening Phase.

It is well established that cold acclimation processes are highly influenced, apart from cold ambient temperatures, by light-dependent environmental factors. In this study we investigated whether an extra blue (B) light supplementation would be able to further improve the well-documented freezing tolerance enhancing effect of far-red (FR) enriched white (W) light. The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures.

Light Intensity- and Spectrum-Dependent Redox Regulation of Plant Metabolism.

Both light intensity and spectrum (280-800 nm) affect photosynthesis and, consequently, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photosynthetic electron transport. ROS, together with antioxidants, determine the redox environment in tissues and cells, which in turn has a major role in the adjustment of metabolism to changes in environmental conditions. This process is very important since there are great spatial (latitude, altitude) and temporal (daily, seasonal) changes in light conditions which are accompanied by fluctuations in temperature, water supply, and biotic stresses.

Triploid Hybrid Vigor in Above-Ground Growth and Methane Fermentation Efficiency of Energy Willow.

Hybrid vigor and polyploidy are genetic events widely utilized to increase the productivity of crops. Given that bioenergy usage needs to be expanded, we investigated triploid hybrid vigor in terms of the biology of biomass-related willow traits and their relevance to the control of biomethane production. To produce triploid hybrid genotypes, we crossed two female diploid Swedish cultivars (Inger, Tordis) with two male autotetraploid willow ( variants (PP-E7, PP-E15).

The Effect of Foliar Selenium (Se) Treatment on Growth, Photosynthesis, and Oxidative-Nitrosative Signalling of Leaves.

Selenium (Se) enrichment of Bertoni can serve a dual purpose, on the one hand to increase plant biomass and stress tolerance and on the other hand to produce Se fortified plant-based food. Foliar Se spraying (0, 6, 8, 10 mg/L selenate, 14 days) of plantlets resulted in slightly decreased stevioside and rebaudioside A concentrations, and it also caused significant increment in stem elongation, leaf number, and Se content, suggesting that foliar Se supplementation can be used as a biofortifying approach. Furthermore, Se slightly limited photosynthetic CO assimilation (A, g, C/C), but exerted no significant effect on chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and on parameters associated with photosystem II (PSII) activity (F/F, F, Y(NO)), indicating that Se causes no photodamage in PSII.

Changes in physiological and photosynthetic parameters in tomato of different ethylene status under salt stress: Effects of exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid treatment and the inhibition of ethylene signalling.

Although ethylene (ET) is an important participant in plant responses to salt stress, its role in the early period of acclimation, especially in the case of photosynthesis has not been revealed in detail. In this study, the effects of tolerable (100 mM) or lethal (250 mM) NaCl concentrations were investigated in hydroponically grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv.

Virtual surgical planning: Balancing esthetics, practicality, and anticipated stability in a complex Class III patient.

The treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion with anterior open bite is a complex and challenging aspect of orthodontics. Facial esthetic factors, practicality and the anticipated stability of a provisional surgical plan must all be factored into the final decision of the actual orthodontic-orthognathic treatment. This case report presents the multidisciplinary treatment of a 39-year-old female patient with skeletal Class III, severe open bite with first dental contact being on the second molars, lateral crossbite, and crowding in both arches.

Comparison of changes in water status and photosynthetic parameters in wild type and abscisic acid-deficient sitiens mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rheinlands Ruhm) exposed to sublethal and lethal salt stress.

Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many salt stress-related processes of plants such as water balance, osmotic stress tolerance and photosynthesis. In this study we investigated the responses of wild type (WT) and the ABA-deficient sitiens mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rheinlands Ruhm) to sublethal and lethal salt stress elicited by 100 mM and 250 mM NaCl, respectively.

HO homeostasis in wild-type and ethylene-insensitive Never ripe tomato in response to salicylic acid treatment in normal photoperiod and in prolonged darkness.

Ethylene proved to be an important modulator of salicylic acid (SA) signalling pathway. Since SA may regulate both the production and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (HO), which show light-dependency, the aim of this study was to compare HO metabolism in the leaves of SA-treated wild-type (WT) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv.

Salt stress-induced production of reactive oxygen- and nitrogen species and cell death in the ethylene receptor mutant Never ripe and wild type tomato roots.

The salt stress triggered by sublethal, 100 mM and lethal, 250 mM NaCl induced ethylene production as well as rapid accumulation of superoxide radical and H2O2 in the root tips of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) wild type and ethylene receptor mutant, Never ripe (Nr/Nr) plants. In the wild type plants superoxide accumulation confined to lethal salt concentration while H2O2 accumulated more efficiently under sublethal salt stress.

Does thread design influence relative bone-to-implant contact rate of palatal implants?

Aim: To determine histologically whether (a) changing the thread design between first- and second-generation palatal implants (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) influences the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) rate of palatal implants subjected to conventional loading, and (b) whether histological evidence of peri-implantitis appears in this setting.

Patients And Methods: Patients who had received an orthodontic palatal implant for skeletal anchorage between January 1998 and December 2007 were examined. First-generation palatal implants (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) 3.

Use of 3-dimensional surface acquisition to study facial morphology in 5 populations.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the use of 3-dimensional facial averages for determining morphologic differences from various population groups.

Methods: We recruited 473 subjects from 5 populations. Three-dimensional images of the subjects were obtained in a reproducible and controlled environment with a commercially available stereo-photogrammetric camera capture system.

Three-dimensional comparison of facial morphology in white populations in Budapest, Hungary, and Houston, Texas.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the use of 3-dimensional facial averages in determining facial morphologic differences in 2 white population groups.

Methods: Three-dimensional images were obtained in a reproducible and controlled environment from a commercially available stereo-photogrammetric camera capture system. The 3dMDface system (3dMD, Atlanta, Ga) photographed 200 subjects from 2 population groups (Budapest, Hungary, and Houston, Tex); each group included 50 men and 50 women, aged 18 to 30 years.

Primary loading of palatal implants for orthodontic anchorage--a pilot animal study.

Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the clinical performance and osseointegration of short orthodontic implants immediately loaded with orthodontic forces.

Material And Methods: The investigation was designed as an experimental animal study. Eight palatal implants of the Ortho-system were immediately loaded with 100 cN after palatal insertion in 4 female German shepherd dogs.