Dietary Interventions and Physical Activity as Crucial Factors in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and affects nearly 30% of the adult population and 10% of the pediatric population. It is estimated that this number will double by 2030. MASLD is one of the leading causes of hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis, and liver transplantation, as well as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality.

Hepatitis C Infection Is Not a Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Young Adults.

: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death in Poland and around the world and are still an ongoing problem for modern medicine. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, both conservative and invasive, the prevention of cardiovascular disease directed at reducing risk factors remains a problem. The main classical risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in Poland include hypertension, lipid disorders, obesity, diabetes and smoking.

Feasibility and Cardiometabolic Effects of Time-Restricted Eating in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and a prolonged daily eating window (EW) are associated with circadian rhythm disruption and increased cardiometabolic risk. Misalignment between circadian timing system and daily rhythms of food intake adversely impacts metabolic regulatory mechanisms and cardiovascular function. Restricting the daily EW by imposing an eating-fasting cycle through time-restricted eating (TRE) can restore robust circadian rhythms, support cellular metabolism, and improve cardiometabolic health.

Hepatitis C Infection as a Risk Factor for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases: An EpiTer Multicenter Study.

Hepatitis C infection is one of the main reasons for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, more and more is being heard about extrahepatic manifestations of the hepatitis C infection including its possible influence on the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. In the given work, the frequency analysis of the incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases among 2898 HCV-infected patients treated in Poland and the assessment of their relevance to the HCV genotype and the progression of liver fibrosis can be found.

The Dynamics of Changes in the Concentration of IgG against the S1 Subunit in Polish Healthcare Workers in the Period from 1 to 12 Months after Injection, Including Four COVID-19 Vaccines.

Background: The presented research made it possible to obtain the characteristics of changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG within one year of vaccination in healthcare workers.

Materials And Methods: The research group consisted of 18,610 participants represented by medical and administration staff. IgG antibody concentrations were determined by ELISA.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG against the S Protein: A Comparison of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1 nCoV-2019 and Ad26.COV2.S Vaccines.

Background: COVID-19 vaccines induce a differentiated humoral and cellular response, and one of the comparable parameters of the vaccine response is the determination of IgG antibodies.

Materials And Methods: Concentrations of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were analyzed at three time points (at the beginning of May, at the end of June and at the end of September). Serum samples were obtained from 954 employees of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (a total of three samples each were obtained from 511 vaccinated participants).

HCV Genotype Has No Influence on the Incidence of Diabetes-EpiTer Multicentre Study.

HCV infection is one of the main reasons for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, one finds more and more extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection, including its possible influence on the development of diabetes. In the presented work, one finds the frequency analysis of the incidence of diabetes among 2898 HCV infected patients treated in Poland, and the assessment of their relevance to the HCV genotype and the progression of fibrosis.

Pilot Clinical Trial of Time-Restricted Eating in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and erratic eating patterns are associated with circadian rhythm disruption which contributes to an increased cardiometabolic risks. Restricting eating period (time-restricted eating, TRE) can restore robust circadian rhythms and improve cardiometabolic health. We describe a protocol of the Time-Restricted Eating on Metabolic and Neuroendocrine homeostasis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress (TREMNIOS) pilot clinical trial in Polish adult patients with MetS and eating period of ≥14 h/day.

Resveratrol's Impact on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Hyporeactivity: The Role of Rho-Kinase Inhibition.

Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a chemical compound belonging to the group of polyphenols and flavonoids. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of resveratrol application along with certain modulating factors, such as 8Br-cGMP-activator of cGMP-dependent protein kinases, HA-1077-Rho-kinase inhibitor, and Bay K8644-calcium channel agonist, on VMSCs constriction triggered by phenylephrine. Resveratrol at a dose of 10 mg/kg/24 h administered for 4 weeks reduced the reactivity of the arteries to the pressure action of catecholamines.

Melatonin Supplementation Lowers Oxidative Stress and Regulates Adipokines in Obese Patients on a Calorie-Restricted Diet.

Obesity is one of the major global health problems. Melatonin deficiency has been demonstrated to correlate with obesity. The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of melatonin on oxidative stress and adipokine levels in obese patients on a calorie-restricted diet.

Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity as a surrogate biomarker of metabolic health status in young nondiabetic obese women.

Aim: We investigated the association of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity with atherogenic risk factors and metabolic health status in young nondiabetic obese women.

Methods & Results: In 140 obese women GGT activity was independently associated with BMI, triglyceride to high-density cholesterol ratio and homeostasis model assessment. Metabolically healthy but obese women had significantly lower GGT activity, associated with a normal insulin sensitivity, favorable lipid profile and apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein AI ratio.

Impact of IL28B and gene family polymorphisms on interferon treatment response in Caucasian children chronically infected with hepatitis B virus.

Aim: To investigate the impact of IL28B and gene polymorphisms on interferon treatment responses in children with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: We enrolled 52 children (between the ages of 4 and 18) with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB), who were treated with pegylated interferon alfa for 48 wk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the OAS1 (rs1131476), OAS2 (rs1293747), OAS3 (rs2072136), OASL (rs10849829) and IL28B (rs12979860, rs12980275 and rs8099917) genes were studied to examine their associations with responses to IFN treatment in paediatric patients.

Continuous up to 4 Years Entecavir Treatment of HBV-Infected Adolescents - A Longitudinal Study in Real Life.

This study evaluated the long-term (up to 4 years) efficacy and safety of entecavir ETV treatment and analysed the significance of baseline and on-treatment factors in long-term ETV outcomes in adolescents with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We determined the cumulative virological and serological outcomes of 44 adolescents with CHB receiving ETV for up to 4 years. To investigate the dynamics of HBV DNA, ALT activity and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion over time and their associations with the considered factors, generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used.

Distribution of HBV genotypes in Poland.

Aim Of The Study: To identify distribution of HBV genotypes in particular regions of Poland.

Material And Methods: The study included 270 treatment-naïve, HBV-infected individuals, enrolled in 7 centers of Poland. HBV genotyping was performed in 243 of them with the INNO-LiPA HBV Genotyping assay (Innogenetics).

Single whole-body cryostimulation procedure versus single dry sauna bath: comparison of oxidative impact on healthy male volunteers.

Exposure to extreme heat and cold is one of the environmental factors whose action is precisely based on the mechanisms involving free radicals. Fluctuations in ambient temperature are among the agents that toughen the human organism. The goal of the study was to evaluate the impact of extremely high (dry sauna, DS) and low (whole-body cryostimulation, WBC) environmental temperatures on the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium in the blood of healthy male subjects.

A-FABP and its association with atherogenic risk profile and insulin resistance in young overweight and obese women.

Aim: We evaluated the association of A-FABP with proatherogenic risk profile and insulin resistance (IR) in young, nondiabetic, overweight/obese women.

Materials & Methods: Serum A-FABP, high-sensitivity CRP, adiponectin, glucose, insulin, lipids and apolipoproteins were measured in 104 women (aged 20-45 years; BMI ≥25 kg/m(2)) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 76; BMI <25 kg/m(2)). All patients underwent blood pressure and anthropometric measurements.

Effects of open versus laparoscopic nephrectomy techniques on oxidative stress markers in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of lipid peroxidation products, the activity of selected antioxidant and lysosomal enzymes, and protease inhibitor in patients with renal cell carcinoma who underwent radical nephrectomy. The studied group included 44 patients: 21 of them underwent open surgery, while 23 underwent laparoscopy. Blood samples were collected three times: before treatment and 12 hours and five days after nephrectomy.

Effects of thermal stress on the activity of selected lysosomal enzymes in blood of experienced and novice winter swimmers.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of exposure to cold and heat on the activity of selected lysosomal enzymes as well as on the activity of the protease inhibitor, which are all considered to be markers of cellular damage.

Material: Two groups of healthy volunteers were included in the study. The first group consisted of experienced winter swimmers who practiced bathing in ice-cold water once a week, while the other group was comprised of persons who had never taken part in winter swimming before.

Oxidative equilibrium in the prophylaxis of degenerative joint changes: an analysis of pre- and postoperative activity of antioxidant enzymes in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis is often accompanied by disturbance of oxidative equilibrium. The aim of the study was to analyze antioxidant defense system function in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis by assessing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in erythrocytes.

Material/methods: The study included 26 women and 18 men who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty.