Beyond Uniform Impairment: Investigating Declarative Memory Profiles in Nonspecific Mild Intellectual Disability Using Latent Profile Analysis.

Background: Significant memory impairments are consistently observed in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), but considerable variability exists. This study investigated the heterogeneity of declarative memory in children and adolescents with nonspecific mild intellectual disability (NSID) to identify distinct memory profiles and potential predictors of this disability.

Methods: A latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted on a large sample (N = 999, including 114 with NSID) using six supplementary memory indices from the Test of Memory and Learning-Second Edition (TOMAL-2).

Exploring Memory Compensation in Dyslexia: Strengths and Weaknesses in Memory Patterns Among Children and Adolescents.

Background: Declarative memory plays a crucial role in learning and may serve as a compensatory mechanism for phonological deficits in individuals with dyslexia. However, research on its variability within this population remains limited. This study aimed to identify distinct declarative memory profiles in children and adolescents with dyslexia and examine their potential compensatory role.

Attitudes towards surrogacy in the context of socio-demographic determinants: a cross-sectional study.

Aims/background: This study aims to explore socio-demographic factors and surrogacy attitudes. Surrogacy, an assisted reproductive technology, enables parenthood for individuals unable to conceive or carry a child. It intersects with societal norms, ethical considerations, personal beliefs, and professional contexts, shaping varied attitudes towards it.

(Non)specific interaction patterns in families raising a child with disability or chronic illness: a latent profile analysis.

Introduction: The presence of a child with a disability significantly affects family dynamics introducing new responsibilities and altering roles. However, research also highlights the positive outcomes, such as increased family cohesion and stronger bonds among family members. Siblings face unique challenges, including emotional burdens and adjustment difficulties, which are influenced by factors such as age, severity of the disability, and parental attitudes.

Differences between musicians and athletes in personal characteristics: mental toughness, imagery and personality.

Introduction: It appears that music and sports share many common elements. However, it turns out that mental toughness and imagery are present in both musicians and athletes, but they are understood and conceptualized differently within these domains. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between mental toughness, personality, and imagery in two unique groups.

Anxiety and Cynical Attitudes Towards the Law and the Authorities Among Poles and Swedes in the Time of Crisis: A Longitudinal Study Report.

Based on the meaning maintenance model, the expectation that anxiety in Poland and Sweden would differently predict cynical attitudes towards the law and the authorities was formulated. The study was conducted twice (in 2020, 3 months after the announcement of pandemic the COVID-19, and again in 2021, 15 months later) with the assumption that managing anxiety in the ever-present death-toll statistics is more difficult with time. The cultural differences between Poland and Sweden and the differences in the level of anxiety gave rise to the hypothesis that fear predicted cynical attitudes in Poland at Time 1 (N1 = 100) but not at Time 2 (N2 = 54) and conversely in Sweden (N1 = 100, N2 = 67).

Association between parental education level and intelligence quotient of children referred to the mental healthcare system: a cross-sectional study in Poland.

Considering the gap in understanding of the link between parental education and child intelligence quotient (IQ), our study aimed to investigate the association between parental education and the IQ of children referred to the mental healthcare system, explore which parent's education level is more influential, and examine the impact of the child's age and sex on these relationships. This cross-sectional study included 80,303 children aged 3-18 years who were referred to the mental healthcare system between 2018 and 2023. We predefined IQ composite score (Full IQ Scale), as measured by the Stanford Binet 5 Intelligence Scale, Fifth Edition (SB-5) as the primary outcome; the remaining SB-5 composite scores were the secondary outcomes.

Intelligence Assessment of Children & Youth Benefiting from Psychological-Educational Support System in Poland.

This article presents a unique dataset comprising 419,135 intelligence assessment results. The study utilised the Polish adaptation of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale 5 during individual diagnostic sessions conducted under natural conditions. The research included children aged 3;0-18;11 of both genders who had been referred to support institutions (psychological-educational counselling centres, post-hospital clinics, hospital departments) by preschools or schools, or voluntarily requested by parents with their consent.

Development and validation of the.

Objectives: This study aims to define and assess communal and agentic workplace climates (AWC), 2 pivotal dimensions perceived by employees within organizational contexts. Communal workplace climate highlights employees' well-being, while AWC emphasizes productivity-related aspects.

Material And Methods: To enhance comprehension, the (CAWCS) was created and validated through a series of studies.

Towards Gender Harmony Dataset: Gender Beliefs and Gender Stereotypes in 62 Countries.

The Towards Gender Harmony (TGH) project began in September 2018 with over 160 scholars who formed an international consortium to collect data from 62 countries across six continents. Our overarching goal was to analyze contemporary perceptions of masculinity and femininity using quantitative and qualitative methods, marking a groundbreaking effort in social science research. The data collection took place between January 2018 and February 2020, and involved undergraduate students who completed a series of randomized scales and the data was collected through the SurveyMonkey or Qualtrics platforms, with paper surveys being used in rare cases.

Somatic comorbidity and the progression of cognitive impairment.

Background: There are usually multiple factors underlying dementia in old age. Somatic comorbidity is one important element that influences the progression of cognitive impairment.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between the progression of cognitive impairment and the presence and severity of comorbidities based on a four-year observation.

Development and validation of the attitude towards Surrogacy Scale in a polish sample.

Background: Surrogacy is one of the options in reproductive medicine that raises a lot of ethical, legal and psychological controversy. Surveying attitudes toward surrogacy plays an important role in building awareness of this phenomenon in the society, which may help eliminate its stigma. In this study authors aimed to develop and validate a scale to assess the attitudes towards surrogacy.

Psychological Functioning of Women Diagnosed with Lichen Planus and Other Diseases of the Oral Cavity-Explorative Study.

The role of psychosocial factors in the development of changes in lichen planus and other diseases of the oral cavity has been implicated, but is still understudied. Therefore, the aim of our study was to describe the specific profile of psychological functioning of patients with these diseases, including the role of temperamental traits, action-oriented personality components, and self-esteem. In total, 94 adult women participated in the study: (1) with lichen planus (LP; = 46; = 54.

Heterogeneity of Cognitive Profiles in Children and Adolescents with Mild Intellectual Disability (MID).

Mild Intellectual Disability (MID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood and is characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning (IQ = 55-69) and adaptive behavior that manifests in everyday living. In addition to these specific criteria, clinical practice shows that the population of children with MID has heterogeneous deficits in cognitive functioning. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify groups of homogenous cognitive profiles within a heterogeneous population of students with MID.

Come and say what you think: reducing employees' self-censorship through procedural and interpersonal justice.

Background: Self-censorship in an organization may be defined as a conscious decision by employees to refrain from expressing opinions, criticism or suggestions in situations of perceived irregularities. There are at least two reasons for this decision: firstly, the fear that speaking up would prompt negative consequences, and secondly, the belief that it would not bring about a change in the situation. Procedural justice in an organization may encourage employees to limit that silence, thereby diminishing fear and undermining the belief that change is impossible.

A Measurement Invariance Investigation of the Polish Version of the Dual Filial-Piety Scale (DFPS-PL): Student-Employee and Gender Differences in Filial Beliefs.

Filial beliefs are defined as a cognitive script or even a contextualized personality construct for social exchanges, which shapes the attitudes of individuals. In the given study, we investigate the factorial structure of the Polish version of the Dual Filial Piety Scale (DFPS-PL) and verify whether measurement of filial piety is invariant among students and employees, and among men and women. Two studies were conducted on different age samples: 489 students aged 18-24 and 849 employees aged 25-64.

Paternal Postpartum Bonding and Its Predictors in the Early Postpartum Period: Cross-Sectional Study in a Polish Cohort.

: Parental postpartum bonding has been studied by many researchers focusing on maternal bonding. The objective of this study was to examine the psychological and socio-demographic predictors of paternal postpartum bonding in the early postpartum period. : In this cross-sectional study, 131 couples (fathers median age of 32.

The Implications of Filial Piety in Study Engagement and Study Satisfaction: A Polish-Vietnamese Comparison.

Even in psychological literature, which describes many determining variables related to the school domain, few studies have investigated the universal (i.e., etic) mechanism underlying parent-child relations, which is a prototype matrix for future student-teacher relations.

A Polish and German Population Study of Quality of Life, Well-Being, and Life Satisfaction in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Psychological studies undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic rarely include people in their 60s or older. In our study, we studied the predictors of quality of life, well-being, and life satisfaction (including risky behavior, trait anxiety, feeling of threat, sleep quality, and optimism) during the pandemic in older people from Germany and Poland and compared them to three different age groups. A total of 494 adults in four groups-60+ ( = 60), 50-60 ( = 139), 36-49 ( = 155), <35 ( = 140)-completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing: socio-demographic data, quality of life, trait anxiety, risk tolerance, Coronavirus threat, optimism regarding the pandemic, difficulty relaxing, life satisfaction, well-being, and sleep quality during the pandemic period.

Lack of control over work and organizational citizenship behavior: overwork climate as a suppressor variable.

Background: This study investigates a suppressor effect in the relationship between lack of control over work and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Suppressor effects operate when the addition of a predictor (in our study it is an overwork climate) increases the predictive power of another variable (lack of control over work) in predicting an outcome variable (OCB). Suppressor effects can play a valuable role in explicating the meaning of examined variables by bringing into clearer focus opposing elements that are inherent - but largely hidden - in the measurement of these variables.

[A preliminary adaptation and validation of the by Mazzetti, Schaufeli, Guglielmi and Depolo].

Background: The aim of the research was to perform the initial adaptation and validation of the (OWCS) developed by Mazzetti, Schaufeli, Guglielmi and Depolo. The scale was designed to measure 2 dimensions: overwork endorsement and lacking overwork rewards.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted on 2 samples of 580 and 103 workers respectively.

A Warrior Society: Data From 30 Countries Show That Belief in a Zero-Sum Game Is Related to Military Expenditure and Low Civil Liberties.

The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between a perceived antagonistic view of social relations (as a struggle for limited resources), measured by the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game (BZSG) Scale, national military expenditure, and civil liberties. We used multi-level modeling to analyze data on 5,520 participants from 30 countries, testing the hypothesis that a country's level of militarization and civil liberties would be associated with its people's belief in a zero-sum game. We hypothesized that BZSG is more typical of countries that try to gain more resources or defend their interests and thus have high military expenditure but low civil liberties.

A test of construct isomorphism of the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game scale: A multilevel 43-nation study.

Background: We examined the equivalence of the individual and the country-level factor structure of the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game (BZSG) scale, a tool designed to measure antagonistic beliefs about social relations (i.e., perceived social antagonism) in the struggle for limited resources.