Microbiota transplant therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: advances and mechanistic insights.

Microbiota transplant therapy is an emerging therapy for inflammatory bowel disease, but factors influencing its efficacy and mechanism remain poorly understood. In this narrative review, we outline key elements affecting therapeutic outcomes, including donor factors (such as age and patient relationship), recipient factors, control selection, and elements impacting engraftment and its correlation with clinical response. We also examine potential mechanisms through inflammatory bowel disease trials, focusing on the interplay between the microbiota, host, and immune system.

De Novo Kaposi Sarcoma in an HIV-Negative Liver Transplant Recipient With Ulcerative Colitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.

De novo or viral reactivation cancers are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the solid organ transplant (SOT) population. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an aggressive disease which can lead to cholestatic liver damage and cirrhosis. PSC often cooccurs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Novel use of endoscopic pyloric exclusion and diverting gastrojejunostomy in a patient with duodenal-renal-colonic fistula.

Video 1EUS-guided gastrojejunostomy and pyloric exclusion for a duodenal-renal-colonic fistula.

Draft Genome Sequence of S23 a Plant Growth-promoting Passenger Endophytic Bacterium Isolated from Groundnut Nodule Possesses Stress Tolerance Traits.

Aim: This study aims to reveal the passenger endophytic bacterium S23 isolated from groundnut nodules and to underpin the molecular mechanism and genes responsible for abiotic stress tolerance.

Background: A variety of microorganisms that contribute to nodulation and encourage plant development activity in addition to the nodulating . Passenger endophytes (PE) are endophytes that accidentally penetrate the plant without any selective pressure keeping them in the interior tissue of the plant.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor use in kidney transplant recipients.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are novel oral hypoglycemic agents garnering much attention for their substantial benefits. These recent data have positioned SGLT2i at the forefront of diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure management. SGLT2i use post-kidney transplant is an emerging area of research.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy: Exploration into current diagnostic aids and therapeutics.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is an under-recognized cause of pulmonary hypertension and fulminant right ventricle failure. It is associated with a high mortality due to delay in diagnosis. We present two cases of PTTM, both diagnosed postmortem, highlighting the importance of timely identification and initiation of treatment for this near-fatal condition.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Phosphate Uptake System Component PstA2 Is Not Required for Gene Regulation or Virulence.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome encodes two complete high-affinity Pst phosphate-specific transporters. We previously demonstrated that a membrane-spanning component of one Pst system, PstA1, was essential both for M. tuberculosis virulence and for regulation of gene expression in response to external phosphate availability.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resists Stress by Regulating PE19 Expression.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires the phosphate-sensing signal transduction system Pst/SenX3-RegX3 to resist host immune responses. A ΔpstA1 mutant lacking a Pst phosphate uptake system component is hypersensitive to diverse stress conditions in vitro and is attenuated in vivo due to constitutive expression of the phosphate starvation-responsive RegX3 regulon. Transcriptional profiling of the ΔpstA1 mutant revealed aberrant expression of certain pe and ppe genes.

Mobilization of horizontally acquired island 2 is induced in planta in the phytopathogen Pectobacterium atrosepticum SCRI1043 and involves the putative relaxase ECA0613 and quorum sensing.

Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) contribute to the rapid evolution of bacterial pathogens via horizontal gene transfer of virulence determinants. ICEs have common mechanisms for transmission, yet the cues triggering this process under natural environmental or physiological conditions are largely unknown. In this study, mobilization of the putative ICE horizontally acquired island 2 (HAI2), present in the chromosome of the phytopathogen Pectobacterium atrosepticum SCRI1043, was examined during infection of the host plant potato.