A Chemo-Enzymatic Platform for Furanolide Synthesis and Functional Exploration.

Furanolides represent an emerging class of natural products known for their structural diversity and potent bioactivities, including antibiotic, cytotoxic, or algicidal effects. The systematic exploration of their biological activity profiles for the discovery of new hits for drug development thus constitutes a promising endeavor. However, their low natural abundance and the resulting difficulty in obtaining sufficient quantities have limited further in-depth investigations into their biological activity and structure-activity relationships (SARs).

MIBiG 4.0: advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration.

Specialized or secondary metabolites are small molecules of biological origin, often showing potent biological activities with applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine. Usually, the biosynthesis of these natural products is governed by sets of co-regulated and physically clustered genes known as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). To share information about BGCs in a standardized and machine-readable way, the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard and repository was initiated in 2015.

Functionalization of silk with actinomycins from s BV365 for biomedical applications.

Silk, traditionally acclaimed as the "queen of fiber," has been widely used thanks to its brilliant performance such as gentleness, smoothness and comfortableness. Owing to its mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility silk has a definitive role in biomedical applications, both as fibroin and fabric. In this work, the simultaneous dyeing and functionalization of silk fabric with pigments from BV365 were investigated.

Discovery and biosynthesis of non-canonical C16-terpenoids from Pseudomonas.

Biosynthesis of sodorifen with a unique C-bicyclo[3.2.1]octene framework requires an S-adenosyl methionine-dependent methyltransferase SodC and terpene cyclase SodD.

The underestimated fraction: diversity, challenges and novel insights into unicellular cyanobionts of lichens.

Lichens are remarkable and classic examples of symbiotic organisms that have fascinated scientists for centuries. Yet, it has only been for a couple of decades that significant advances have focused on the diversity of their green algal and/or cyanobacterial photobionts. Cyanolichens, which contain cyanobacteria as their photosynthetic partner, include up to 10% of all known lichens and, as such, studies on their cyanobionts are much rarer compared to their green algal counterparts.

Phylometagenomics of cycad coralloid roots reveals shared symbiotic signals.

Cycads are known to host symbiotic cyanobacteria, including species, as well as other sympatric bacterial taxa within their specialized coralloid roots. Yet, it is unknown if these bacteria share a phylogenetic origin and/or common genomic functions that allow them to engage in facultative symbiosis with cycad roots. To address this, we obtained metagenomic sequences from 39 coralloid roots sampled from diverse cycad species and origins in Australia and Mexico.

Highlights of biosynthetic enzymes and natural products from symbiotic cyanobacteria.

Covering: up to 2023Cyanobacteria have long been known for their intriguing repertoire of natural product scaffolds, which are often distinct from other phyla. Cyanobacteria are ecologically significant organisms that form a myriad of different symbioses including with sponges and ascidians in the marine environment or with plants and fungi, in the form of lichens, in terrestrial environments. Whilst there have been several high-profile discoveries of symbiotic cyanobacterial natural products, genomic data is scarce and discovery efforts have remained limited.

Streptomyces sp. BV410: Interspecies cross-talk for staurosporine production.

Aims: Sequencing and genome analysis of two co-isolated streptomycetes, named BV410-1 and BV410-10, and the effect of their co-cultivation on the staurosporine production.

Methods And Results: Identification of two strains through genome sequencing and their separation using different growth media was conducted. Sequence analysis revealed that the genome of BV410-1 was 9.

Biosynthesis of cyanobacterin, a paradigm for furanolide core structure assembly.

The γ-butyrolactone motif is found in many natural signaling molecules and other specialized metabolites. A prominent example is the potent aquatic phytotoxin cyanobacterin, which has a highly functionalized γ-butyrolactone core structure. The enzymatic machinery that assembles cyanobacterin and structurally related natural products (herein termed furanolides) has remained elusive for decades.

Final Destination? Pinpointing sp. nov. PCC 6712 (Cyanobacteria) Based on Taxonomic Aspects, Multicellularity, Nitrogen Fixation and Biosynthetic Gene Clusters.

Unicellular cyanobacteria inhabit a wide range of ecosytems and can be found throughout the phylum offering space for taxonomic confusion. One example is strain PCC 6712 that was described as sp. (Nostocales) and later assigned to the genus (Chroococcidiopsidales).

sp. nov., the Right 108b: Half a Decade of Research on Taxonomy and Bioactive Compounds in New Light.

Since 1965 a cyanobacterial strain termed ' 108b' was the object of several studies investigating its potential as a resource for new bioactive compounds in several European institutes. Over decades these investigations uncovered several unique small molecules and their respective biosynthetic pathways, including the polychlorinated triphenyls of the ambigol family and the tjipanazoles. However, the true taxonomic character of the producing strain remained concealed until now.

A collection of bacterial isolates from the pig intestine reveals functional and taxonomic diversity.

Our knowledge about the gut microbiota of pigs is still scarce, despite the importance of these animals for biomedical research and agriculture. Here, we present a collection of cultured bacteria from the pig gut, including 110 species across 40 families and nine phyla. We provide taxonomic descriptions for 22 novel species and 16 genera.

Comparative proteomics of the toxigenic diazotroph Raphidiopsis raciborskii (cyanobacteria) in response to iron.

Raphidiopsis raciborskii is an invasive bloom-forming cyanobacteria with the flexibility to utilize atmospheric and fixed nitrogen. Since nitrogen-fixation has a high requirement for iron as an ezyme cofactor, we hypothesize that iron availability would determine the success of the species under nitrogen-fixing conditions. This study compares the proteomic response of cylindrospermopsin-producing and non-toxic strains of R.

Identification of promoter elements in the Dolichospermum circinale AWQC131C saxitoxin gene cluster and the experimental analysis of their use for heterologous expression.

Background: Dolichospermum circinale is a filamentous bloom-forming cyanobacterium responsible for biosynthesis of the paralytic shellfish toxins (PST), including saxitoxin. PSTs are neurotoxins and in their purified form are important analytical standards for monitoring the quality of water and seafood and biomedical research tools for studying neuronal sodium channels. More recently, PSTs have been recognised for their utility as local anaesthetics.

Streptomyces sp. BV410 isolate from chamomile rhizosphere soil efficiently produces staurosporine with antifungal and antiangiogenic properties.

Applying a bioactivity-guided isolation approach, staurosporine was separated and identified as the active principle in the culture extract of the new isolate Streptomyces sp. BV410 collected from the chamomile rhizosphere. The biotechnological production of staurosporine by strain BV410 was optimized to yield 56 mg/L after 14 days of incubation in soy flour-glucose-starch-mannitol-based fermentation medium (JS).

Discovery of the Streptoketides by Direct Cloning and Rapid Heterologous Expression of a Cryptic PKS II Gene Cluster from sp. Tü 6314.

Genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis have identified numerous cryptic gene clusters that have the potential to produce novel natural products. Within this work, we identified a cryptic type II PKS gene cluster () from sp. Tü 6314.

Bypassing Biocatalytic Substrate Limitations in Oxidative Dearomatization Reactions by Transient Substrate Mimicking.

Enzymatic oxidative dearomatization is an efficient way to generate chiral molecules from simple arenes. One example is the flavin-dependent monooxygenase SorbC involved in sorbicillinoid biosynthesis. However, SorbC requires a long-chain keto substituent at its phenolic substrate, thus preventing its application beyond the synthesis of natural sorbicillinoids or close structural analogues.

Antifungal potential of bacterial rhizosphere isolates associated with three ethno-medicinal plants (poppy, chamomile, and nettle).

The objective of the present study was to isolate Actinobacteria, preferably Streptomyces spp. from the rhizosphere soils of three ethno-medicinal plants collected in Serbia (Papaver rhoeas, Matricaria chamomilla, and Urtica dioica) and to screen their antifungal activity against Candida spp. Overall, 103 sporulating isolates were collected from rhizosphere soil samples and determined as Streptomyces spp.

Direct pathway cloning of the sodorifen biosynthetic gene cluster and recombinant generation of its product in E. coli.

Background: Serratia plymuthica WS3236 was selected for whole genome sequencing based on preliminary genetic and chemical screening indicating the presence of multiple natural product pathways. This led to the identification of a putative sodorifen biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC). The natural product sodorifen is a volatile organic compound (VOC) with an unusual polymethylated hydrocarbon bicyclic structure (CH) produced by selected strains of S.

Bioinformatic, phylogenetic and chemical analysis of the UV-absorbing compounds scytonemin and mycosporine-like amino acids from the microbial mat communities of Shark Bay, Australia.

Shark Bay, Western Australia is a World Heritage area with extensive microbial mats and stromatolites. Microbial communities that comprise these mats have developed a range of mitigation strategies against changing levels of photosynthetically active and ultraviolet radiation, including the ability to biosynthesise the UV-absorbing natural products scytonemin and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). To this end, the distribution of photoprotective pigments within Shark Bay microbial mats was delineated in the present study.

Re-evaluation of paralytic shellfish toxin profiles in cyanobacteria using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

To date Paralytic shellfish toxin (PST) variants in cyanobacteria have primarily been characterized using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection. In this study we re-evaluated the PST profiles of five cyanobacterial cultures (Dolichospermum circinale AWQC131C, Aphanizomenon sp. NH-5, Raphidiopsis raciborskii T3, Scytonema cf.

Insertions within the Saxitoxin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Result in Differential Toxin Profiles.

The neurotoxin saxitoxin and related paralytic shellfish toxins are produced by multiple species of cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates. This study investigates the two saxitoxin-producing strains of Scytonema crispum, CAWBG524 and CAWBG72, isolated in New Zealand. Each strain was previously reported to have a distinct paralytic shellfish toxin profile, a rare observation between strains within the same species.