A Short Double-J Ureteral Stent Indwelling Time Is Safe and Effective Following Minimally Invasive Pyeloplasty: Long-term Results from a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objective: During laparoscopic pyeloplasty, double-J ureteral stents are routinely placed to protect the anastomosis from urinary leakage. However, no consensus exists on the optimal double-J ureteral stent indwelling time. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a short compared to a long double-J ureteral stent indwelling time on long-term functional outcomes ans complications following minimally invasive pyeloplasty.

Distended Seminal Vesicles Are Involved in Specific Cerebral Sexual Arousal: A Pilot Study Using Functional Brain Imaging in Young Healthy Men.

Background: Whether seminal vesicles play a role in sexual activity in men is unknown. No study so far has compared the neural processing of visual sexual stimuli in men depending on the filling state of the seminal vesicles.

Objective: To evaluate potential specific cortical activation by visual sexual stimuli with distended and empty seminal vesicles.

Residual Stresses Measurements in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Barkhausen Noise Analysis.

In recent years, the advancement of technology brought the laser powder bed fusion process to its industrialisation step. Despite all the advancements in process repeatability and general quality control, many challenges remain unsolved due to the intrinsic difficulties of the process, notably the residual stresses issue. This work aimed to assess the usability of Barkhausen noise analysis (BNA) for the residual stress in situ monitoring of laser powder bed fusion on Maraging steel 300 (18Ni-300/1.

Intensified and Standardized Digital Communication with Cystectomy Patients as a Potentially Simple and Effective Modality for Early Detection of Postoperative Complications: Results from a Pilot Study.

Background: Postoperative readmission rates following radical cystectomy remain significant. Early identification of emerging complications could potentially allow for immediate institution of therapy.

Objective: To intensify postoperative patient-physician communication via a cellphone-based health care application (CHA) and to evaluate its potential for early detection of complications.

Development of a model to predict the probability of incurring a complication during spine surgery.

Purpose: Predictive models in spine surgery are of use in shared decision-making. This study sought to develop multivariable models to predict the probability of general and surgical perioperative complications of spinal surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases.

Methods: Data came from EUROSPINE's Spine Tango Registry (1.

Influence of previous surgery on patient-rated outcome after surgery for degenerative disorders of the lumbar spine.

Purpose: Few studies have used multivariate models to quantify the effect of multiple previous spine surgeries on patient-oriented outcome after spine surgery. This study sought to quantify the effect of prior spine surgery on 12-month postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for different degenerative disorders of the lumbar spine.

Methods: The study included 4940 patients with lumbar degenerative disease documented in the Spine Tango Registry of EUROSPINE, the Spine Society of Europe, from 2004 to 2015.

Radical cystectomy with super-extended lymphadenectomy: impact of separate vs en bloc lymph node submission on analysis and outcomes.

Objective: To update our previous analysis of the clinical and pathological impact of the change in the submission of lymphadenectomy specimens from en bloc to 13 separate anatomically defined packets, which took place at the University of Southern California in May 2002, and to determine whether lymph node (LN) packeting resulted in any change in oncological outcomes.

Patients And Methods: A total of 846 patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) with super-extended LN dissection for cTxN0M0 bladder cancer between January 1996 and December 2007 were identified. Specimens of 376 patients were sent en bloc (group 1), and specimens of 470 patients were sent in 13 separate anatomical packets (group 2).

Pelvic lymph node dissection in the context of radical cystectomy: a thorough insight into the connection between patient, surgeon, pathologist and treating institution.

Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in patients with bladder cancer varies widely in extent, technique employed, and pathological workup of specimens. The present paper provides an overview of the existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of PLND and elucidates the interactions between patient, surgeon, pathologist, and treating institution as well as their cumulative impact on the final postoperative lymph node (LN) staging. Bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy with extended PLND appear to have better oncologic outcomes compared to patients undergoing radical cystectomy and limited PLND.

Outcomes of radical cystectomy with extended lymphadenectomy alone in patients with lymph node-positive bladder cancer who are unfit for or who decline adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective: To analyse the long-term outcomes of patients with lymph node (LN)-positive bladder cancer, who did not receive any adjuvant therapy after radical cystectomy (RC) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND).

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective, combined cohort analysis based on two prospectively maintained cystectomy databases from the University of Southern California and the University of Bern. Eligible patients underwent RC with ePLND for cN0M0 disease but were found to have LN-positive disease.

Outcome in patients with exclusive carcinoma in situ (CIS) after radical cystectomy.

Objective: To evaluate oncological outcomes of patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS) exclusively at radical cystectomy (RC) and no previous history of ≥T1 disease.

Patients And Methods: Patients undergoing RC with curative intent for CIS between 1971 and 2008 at the University of Southern California were included if they met all the following criteria: (i) pathological CIS-only disease at RC, (ii) preoperative clinical stage cCIS and/or cCIS + cTa, and (iii) no previous history of lamina propria invasion (≥pT1). Kaplan-Meier plots were used to estimate the probabilities of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).

Timing and outcomes for radical cystectomy in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

Purpose Of Review: To provide an overview on the available clinical and pathological factors in high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients that help to approximate the risk of progression to muscle invasion and identify 'the' patients requiring timely cystectomy. The value of a high-quality transurethral tumor resection is pointed out. Outcomes following radical cystectomy are compared with a primarily bladder preserving strategy.

Unaltered oncological outcomes of radical cystectomy with extended lymphadenectomy over three decades.

Objective: To evaluate oncological outcome trends over the last three decades in patients after radical cystectomy (RC) and extended pelvic lymph node (LN) dissection.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of the University of Southern California (USC) RC cohort of patients (1488 patients) operated with intent to cure from 1980 to 2005 for biopsy confirmed muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer. To focus on outcomes of unexpected (cN0M0) LN-positive patients, the USC subset was extended with unexpected LN-positive patients from the University of Berne (UB) (combined subgroup 521 patients).

Novel prototype sewing device, EndoSew®, for minimally invasive surgery: an extracorporeal ileal conduit construction pilot study in 10 patients.

Unlabelled: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: The EndoSew(®) prototype was first tested in a porcine model several years ago. The investigators found it both simple to master and reliable, its greatest advantage being a 2.4-fold time saving compared with straight laparoscopic suturing.

Peri-interventional antibiotic prophylaxis only vs continuous low-dose antibiotic treatment in patients with JJ stents: a prospective randomised trial analysing the effect on urinary tract infections and stent-related symptoms.

Objective: To evaluate the antibiotic treatment regime in patients with indwelling JJ stents, the benefits and disadvantages of a peri-interventional antibiotic prophylaxis were compared with those of a continuous low-dose antibiotic treatment in a prospective randomised trial.

Patients And Methods: In all, 95 patients were randomised to either receive peri-interventional antibiotic prophylaxis during stent insertion only (group A, 44 patients) or to additionally receive a continuous low-dose antibiotic treatment until stent removal (group B, 51). Evaluations for urinary tract infections (UTI), stent-related symptoms (SRSs) and drug side-effects were performed before stent insertion and consecutively after 1, 2 and 4 weeks and/or at stent withdrawal.

Parenteral nutrition does not improve postoperative recovery from radical cystectomy: results of a prospective randomised trial.

Background: After radical cystectomy, patients are in a catabolic state because of postoperative stress response, extensive wound healing, and ileus.

Objective: To evaluate whether recovery can be improved with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in patients following extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND), cystectomy, and urinary diversion (UD).

Design, Setting, And Participants: We conducted a prospective, randomised, single-centre study of 157 consecutive cystectomy patients.

Occlusion of seminal vesicles increases sexual activity in a mouse model.

Background: Little is known about the physiologic role of seminal vesicles beyond their fertility function. It has been suggested repeatedly that seminal vesicles have an impact on sexual activity. Although this has been investigated in various animal models, such a role has never been found.

Is bilateral extended pelvic lymphadenectomy necessary for strictly unilateral invasive bladder cancer?

Purpose: We determined the necessary extent of pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with strictly unilateral bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 patients with cystectomy and unilateral bladder cancer preoperatively underwent flexible cystoscopy guided injection of radioactive technetium into the contralateral bladder wall. Preoperatively single photon emission computerized tomography was done in all cases to detect and localize radioactive lymph nodes.

Role and extent of lymphadenectomy during radical cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer.

There is substantial variability in the extent of the node dissection performed during radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Here, we review the diagnostic assessment of lymph node metastasis and the prognostic and therapeutic benefit for pelvic node dissection for bladder cancer. A review of the applicable urologic literature regarding the topics of lymphadenectomy for bladder cancer was conducted.

Validation of a novel robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy surgical training model.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? One area of particular growth for robotic surgery has been partial nephrectomy. Despite a perceived notion that robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy is more easily adaptable compared to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, there is nonetheless an associated learning curve. Validated training models with a corresponding assessment method for robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy were previously unavailable.

Concurrent and predictive validation of a novel robotic surgery simulator: a prospective, randomized study.

Purpose: We evaluated the concurrent and predictive validity of a novel robotic surgery simulator in a prospective, randomized study.

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 robotic surgery trainees performed virtual reality exercises on the da Vinci® Skills Simulator using the da Vinci Si™ surgeon console. Baseline simulator performance was captured.

Lymphadenectomy for bladder cancer: indications and controversies.

Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) at the time of cystectomy remains the most accurate method of staging and can have a positive impact on cancer control, and there is general agreement as to its necessity at the time of surgery. There is, however, a lack of consensus regarding the terminology of PLND and controversy concerning the optimal extent of lymph node dissection, especially because recent investigations have suggested a survival benefit with extended PLND.

Robotic and laparoscopic high extended pelvic lymph node dissection during radical cystectomy: technique and outcomes.

Background: With the increasing use of laparoscopic and robotic radical cystectomy (RC), there are perceived concerns about the adequacy of lymph node dissection (LND).

Objective: Describe the robotic and laparoscopic technique and the short-term outcomes of high extended pelvic LND (PLND) up to the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) during RC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: From January 2007 through September 2009, we performed high extended PLND with proximal extent up to the IMA (n=10) or aortic bifurcation (n=5) in 15 patients undergoing robotic RC (n=4) or laparoscopic RC (n=11) at two institutions.

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of virtual tumours in canine kidney using Global Positioning System-like technology.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? And what does the study add? We have previously shown that percutaneous radiofrequency ablation guided by image-fusion technology allows for precise needle placement with real time ultrasound superimposed with pre-loaded imaging, removing the need for real-time CT or MR guidance. Emerging technology also allows real-time tracking of a treatment needle within an organ in a virtually created 3D format. To our knowledge, this is the first study utilising a sophisticated ultrasound-based navigation system that uses both image-fusion and real-time probe-tracking technologies for in-vivo renal ablative intervention.

Super extended versus extended pelvic lymph node dissection in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: a comparative study.

Purpose: There is evidence from retrospective studies that radical cystectomy with extended pelvic lymph node dissection provides better staging and outcomes than limited lymph node dissection. However, the optimal limits of extended lymph node dissection remain unclear. We compared oncological outcomes at 2 cystectomy centers where 2 different extended lymph node dissection templates are practiced to determine whether removing lymphatic tissue up to the inferior mesenteric artery confers an additional survival advantage.