Granule Moisture Content Prediction During Fluid Bed Drying.

The quality attributes of pharmaceutical products have been affected by the duration of manufacturing processes; therefore, manufacturers use various endpoint determination approaches such as time- and property-defined endpoints. In this study, two methods were proposed for determining the endpoint of the drying process of wet granules via experiments on a commercial-scale fluidized bed dryer (FBD) with a production setting. In particular, a near-infrared (NIR) spectroscope and humidity-temperature probes were used to determine their feasibility for alternatively monitoring the moisture content (MC) of granules.