Tracking clusterin expression in hematopoietic stem cells reveals their heterogeneous composition across the life span.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) exhibit significant age-related phenotypic and functional alterations. Although single-cell technologies have elucidated age-related compositional changes, prospective identification of aging-associated HSC subsets has remained challenging. In this study, using clusterin (Clu)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter mice, we demonstrated that Clu expression faithfully marks age-associated myeloid/platelet-biased HSCs throughout life.

Common progenitor origin for Rosai-Dorfman disease and clear cell sarcoma.

Histiocytic neoplasms (HNs) in adults have been reported to be associated with a high prevalence of coexisting haematological and solid malignancies. While a proportion of coexisting HNs and haematological malignancies share identical genetic alterations, the genetic association between HNs and solid malignancies has scarcely been reported. We report a case of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) complicated by coexisting clear cell sarcoma (CCS).

[Durable remission of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia with CLEC16A::IL2 after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

A 64-year-old woman presented with fine motor impairment in both hands. MRI revealed a contrast-enhanced lesion in the medulla oblongata. Lymphoid cells with abnormal blebs were observed and a CD4/CD8 double positive (DP) T cell population was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) in the bone marrow (BM) and the peripheral blood (PB).

Clinical and prognostic features of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in adults.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized by clonal expansion of CD1a CD207 myeloid dendritic cells. The features of LCH are mainly described in children and remain poorly defined in adults; therefore, we conducted a nationwide survey to collect clinical data from 148 adult patients with LCH. The median age at diagnosis was 46.

Anti-inflammatory effects of ruxolitinib on chronic neutrophilic leukemia harboring T618I mutation with bilateral renal abscesses.

Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) characterized by sustained mature neutrophilic leukocytosis. Recently, presence of colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor () mutations has been added to the diagnostic criteria for CNL. Anti-inflammatory effects of the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib relieve constitutional symptoms associated with MPN, such as fatigue, night sweats, and fever.

Repeated Lineage Switches in an Elderly Case of Refractory B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Gene Amplification: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Lineage switches in acute leukemia occur rarely, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Herein, we report the case of an elderly patient with leukemia in which the leukemia started as B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and later changed to B- and T-cell mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during consecutive induction chemotherapy treatments. A 65-year-old woman was initially diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome-negative B-ALL primarily expressing TdT/CD34/HLA-DR; more than 20% of the blasts were positive for CD19/CD20/cytoplasmic CD79a/cytoplasmic CD22/CD13/CD71.

Unique Gut Microbiome in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Suggests Association with Chronic Inflammation.

Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and a risk factor for the development and progression of age-related comorbidities. Although HIV-associated gut dysbiosis has been suggested to be involved in sustained chronic inflammation, there remains a limited understanding of the association between gut dysbiosis and chronic inflammation during HIV infection. Here, we investigated compositional changes in the gut microbiome and its role in chronic inflammation in patients infected with HIV.

An Unusually Short Latent Period of Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm Harboring a Rare MLL-EP300 Rearrangement: Case Report and Literature Review.

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) is a late and lethal complication induced by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Hematological malignancy is one of the most common primary diseases in patients with t-MN. However, the occurrence of t-MN in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) patients is rarely reported, possibly due to the dismal prognosis of ATL per se.

Prognostic impact of circulating tumor DNA status post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in AML and MDS.

This study was performed to assess the utility of tumor-derived fragmentary DNA, or circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), for identifying high-risk patients for relapse of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (AML/MDS) after undergoing myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). We retrospectively collected tumor and available matched serum samples at diagnosis and 1 and 3 months post-alloSCT from 53 patients with AML/MDS. After identifying driver mutations in 51 patients using next-generation sequencing, we designed at least 1 personalized digital polymerase chain reaction assay per case.

Circulating tumor DNA dynamically predicts response and/or relapse in patients with hematological malignancies.

A growing body of evidence suggests that tumor-derived fragmentary DNA, known as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), has the potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker for disease monitoring. However, in the setting of hematological malignancy, few published studies support the utility of ctDNA. We retrospectively investigated ctDNA levels of 17 patients with various hematological malignancies who had achieved remission after first-line therapy.

[Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for double-refractory myeloma with K-RAS and N-RAS mutations].

The prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) has been improved due to the introduction of novel agents like proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs). However, some cases are refractory to the use of novel agents, and the prognosis of such cases is poor. A 53-year-old male was diagnosed with MM and categorized as follows: Bence-Jones protein lambda type MM, Durie-Salmon IIIA, international staging system (ISS) stage II, and revised ISS stage II.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei of a mature ovarian teratoma caused by mismatch repair deficiency in a patient with Lynch syndrome: a case report.

Background: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease with an estimated incidence of 1-2 cases per million individuals per year. PMP is characterized by the accumulation of abundant mucinous or gelatinous fluid derived from disseminated tumorous cells. Most of the tumorous cells are originated from rupture of appendiceal neoplasms, but some are from the metastasis of cancer of the colon, ovary, fallopian tube, urachus, colorectum, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, lung and breast.

Pneumocystis carinii carriage in immunocompromised patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Eighty-one bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens obtained from 26 HIV-infected, 45 non-HIV immunosuppressed and 10 immunocompetent patients with primary pulmonary diseases were analysed for the presence of Pneumocystis carinii by staining and by P. carinii 5S rDNA determined by PCR. P.