Identifying care gaps along the HIV treatment failure cascade: A multistate analysis of viral load monitoring, re-suppression, and regimen switches in Zambia.

Background: Timely response to treatment failure is critical for improved outcomes and viral re-suppression among people living with HIV, but care gaps along the treatment failure cascade can occur due to delays by both clients (e.g., retention and adherence) and health systems (e.

Intention to receive new vaccines post-COVID-19 pandemic among adults and health workers in Lusaka, Zambia.

Objectives: To estimate intention to receive newly introduced adult vaccines among community members and healthcare workers (HCWs) in Lusaka, Zambia in the context of previous COVID-19 vaccine uptake and perceived disease threat and, identify trusted sources of vaccine information.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among a random sample of community members and a convenience sample of HCWs from 13 November to 15 December 2023. We evaluated future vaccination intentions by self-reported COVID-19 vaccine uptake, community role, vaccine type (COVID-19 booster, HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, pneumonia, diarrheal disease) and source of information using adjusted, mixed effects Poisson regression and adjusted probability models.

Feasibility and staff acceptability of implementing Xpert HIV-1 viral load point-of-care testing: a pilot study in San Francisco.

Background: Point-of-care HIV viral load testing may enhance patient care and improve HIV health services. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing such testing in a high-volume community sexual health clinic in the United States.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-methods study.

Effective Messages to Reduce Stigma among People Newly Diagnosed with HIV during Rapid ART Initiation.

HIV stigma has a negative influence on antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and persistence and viral suppression. Immediate access to ART (RAPID ART) has been shown to accelerate viral suppression (VS) that is sustained up to one year after HIV diagnosis. Little is known about the role of RAPID ART in reducing individual-level stigma.

Implementation strategies to improve HIV care cascade outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review from 2014 to 2021.

Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic and manage limited resources, optimized implementation strategies are needed to enhance the efficiency of the HIV response. Assessing strategy usage to date could identify research gaps and inform future implementation efforts. We conducted a systematic review to describe the features and distributions of published implementation strategies attempting to improve HIV treatment service delivery and outcomes.

Person-centred interventions to improve patient-provider relationships for HIV services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Introduction: Person-centred care (PCC) has been recognized as a critical element in delivering quality and responsive health services. The patient-provider relationship, conceptualized at the core of PCC in multiple models, remains largely unexamined in HIV care. We conducted a systematic review to better understand the types of PCC interventions implemented to improve patient-provider interactions and how these interventions have improved HIV care continuum outcomes and person-reported outcomes (PROs) among people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries.

The Rapid interaction: a qualitative study of provider approaches to implementing Rapid ART.

Background: Offering antiretroviral therapy (ART) to patients directly following an HIV diagnosis ("Rapid ART") improves clinical outcomes and is feasible and acceptable for patients and providers. Despite this, implementation of Rapid ART is not yet standard practice in the USA. Structural-level implementation guidance is available, but research at the individual provider level that explores the patient-provider interaction itself remains scarce.

A Living Database of HIV Implementation Research (LIVE Project): Protocol for Rapid Living Reviews.

Background: HIV implementation research evolves rapidly and is often complex and poorly characterized, which makes the synthesis of data on HIV implementation strategies inherently difficult. This is further compromised by prolonged data abstraction processes due to variable interventions, outcomes, and context, and delays in the publication of review findings; this can all result in outdated and irrelevant systematic reviews.

Objective: The LIVE project (A Living Database of HIV Implementation Research) aims to overcome these challenges by applying an implementation science lens to the conduct of rapid living systematic reviews and meta-analyses to inform HIV service delivery priorities and guideline development.

Essential elements of and challenges to rapid ART implementation: a qualitative study of three programs in the United States.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation on the day of an HIV diagnosis or as soon as possible after diagnosis, known as rapid ART (henceforth "RAPID"), is considered to be a safe and effective intervention to quickly reduce viral load and potentially improve engagement in care over time. However, implementation of RAPID programming is not yet widespread. To facilitate broader dissemination of RAPID, we sought to understand health care worker experiences with RAPID implementation and to identify essential programmatic elements.

Evaluation of HIV treatment outcomes with reduced frequency of clinical encounters and antiretroviral treatment refills: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Global HIV treatment programs have sought to lengthen the interval between clinical encounters for people living with HIV (PLWH) who are established on antiretroviral treatment (ART) to reduce the burden of seeking care and to decongest health facilities. The overall effect of reduced visit frequency on HIV treatment outcomes is however unknown. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of implementation strategies that reduce the frequency of clinical appointments and ART refills for PLWH established on ART.

Impact of Multicomponent Support Strategies on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Virologic Suppression Rates During Coronavirus Disease 2019: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.

Background: After coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shelter-in-place (SIP) orders, viral suppression (VS) rates initially decreased within a safety-net human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinic in San Francisco, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH) who are experiencing homelessness. We sought to determine if proactive outreach to provide social services, scaling up of in-person visits, and expansion of housing programs could reverse this decline.

Methods: We assessed VS 24 months before and 13 months after SIP using mixed-effects logistic regression followed by interrupted time series (ITS) analysis to examine changes in the rate of VS per month.