Risk Analysis Index for Estimation of 30-Day Postoperative Mortality in Hip Fractures.

Importance: Hip fractures present a substantial public health challenge, with projections of more than 500 000 per year by 2040. As such, frailty indices such as the Revised Risk Analysis Index (RAI) and the Modified Five-Item Frailty Index (mFI-5) have been recently investigated as metrics for preoperative risk stratification for these patients.

Objective: To understand the accuracy of frailty, as measured by the RAI and the mFI-5, for estimating 30-day mortality following surgically managed hip fractures.

Discriminatory Value of the Risk Analysis Index Versus the 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index for Major Outcome Measures in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.

Study DesignObservational Retrospective Cohort Study.ObjectivesTo compare the discriminatory abilities of the Revised Risk Analysis Index (RAI-Rev) and the 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index (mFI-5) to predict major postoperative outcomes in DCM patients overall, and by anterior (ADF) or posterior (PDF) approaches for decompression and fusion.MethodsThe American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database was queried for DCM patients undergoing ADF or PDF from 2015-2020.

Trigeminal nerve stimulation in drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review.

Introduction: Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (TNS) is a technique that may be useful to reduce seizure burden in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), but its efficacy is not well characterized. This study sought to understand the application of TNS in DRE by providing a comprehensive overview of the current use and efficacy of TNS for neuromodulation in DRE.

Methods: A systematic review examining the use of TNS for DRE was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Orthopedic frailty risk stratification (OFRS): a systematic review of the frailty indices predicting adverse outcomes in orthopedics.

Background: With a growing number of elderly patients requiring elective and non-elective procedures, frailty-based preoperative risk stratification is an emerging tool in orthopedic surgery to minimize adverse postoperative outcomes. This paper sought to understand the current literature regarding preoperative Orthopedic Frailty Risk Stratification (OFRS) and describe the disparate frailty indices and their capabilities for discrimination in predicting adverse postoperative outcomes.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane, and Scopus for articles published during or prior to February 2024 assessing frailty following surgery for orthopedic pathologies.

Complementary effects of postoperative delirium and frailty on 30-day outcomes in spine surgery.

Background Context: With an increasingly older population, the number of frail patients requiring surgical management for degenerative spine diseases is rapidly increasing. Older patients are at increased risk of developing postoperative delirium (POD), which increases the odds of postoperative morbidity and mortality in spine surgery patients. Therefore, frail spine surgery patients may be at greater risk of developing POD and subsequent adverse outcomes.

Management of Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors are rare and aggressive tumors that mainly affect children <3 years of age. Despite aggressive treatment, the overall survival rate for pediatric atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors remains poor. Due to their rarity, little is known regarding prognostic factors, and there is no official standard of treatment.

LGR5 is a conserved marker of hair follicle stem cells in multiple species and is present early and throughout follicle morphogenesis.

Hair follicle stem cells are key for driving growth and homeostasis of the hair follicle niche, have remarkable regenerative capacity throughout hair cycling, and display fate plasticity during cutaneous wound healing. Due to the need for a transgenic reporter, essentially all observations related to LGR5-expressing hair follicle stem cells have been generated using transgenic mice, which have significant differences in anatomy and physiology from the human. Using a transgenic pig model, a widely accepted model for human skin and human skin repair, we demonstrate that LGR5 is a marker of hair follicle stem cells across species in homeostasis and development.