Sectional Anatomy with Micro-Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlation of the Middle and Caudal Abdominal Regions in the Syrian Hamster ().

The abdomen is a key region in small animal veterinary practice, with the middle and caudal sections housing various organ systems that are susceptible to dysfunction, necessitating medical intervention or surgery. Sectional imaging techniques like CT and MRI are commonly used in small mammals, but no studies have focused on rodent abdomen. This study aimed to correlate micro-CT and MRI images of the middle and caudal abdominal regions with corresponding anatomical sections in Syrian hamsters (SHs), which are popular pets and experimental models.

Impact of bariatric surgery on gut microbiota in obese patients: A systematic review.

Background: Obesity is a multi-factorial disease linked to various metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases. Traditional treatments often show limited long-term success, while bariatric surgery has emerged as the most effective intervention for sustained weight loss and comorbidity improvement. Alterations in gut microbiota may significantly contribute to these metabolic improvements.

Impact of bariatric surgery on gut microbiota composition in obese patients compared to healthy controls.

Bariatric surgery is vital for sustainable weight loss and metabolic improvement in obese individuals, but its effects on gut microbiota and their role in these benefits require further investigation. Investigate the temporal changes in gut microbiota in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery (gastric sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB)) compared to healthy controls, aiming to understand their role in weight loss and metabolic health improvement. A case-control study included 30 obese patients aged 65-95 undergoing bariatric surgery, and 18 matched healthy controls.

Changes in gut microbial flora after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy and their effects on post-operative weight loss.

Bariatric surgery affects gut microbial flora due to the anatomical and physiological changes it causes in the gastrointestinal tract. Understanding the interaction between the gut flora, the type of bariatric surgery and weight loss may help improve bariatric surgery outcomes. This study was designed to compare the effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) on two main phyla of the gut microbiota in humans and evaluate their potential effect on weight changes.

Brief outcome of five decades of battle with infectious diseases in Iran.

According to WHO health profile, Iran has better situation in controlling some infection disease like leprosy, dengue fever, tularemia and hepatitis B than United States, even though Iran is in a more dangerous area than the USA. Achieving optimum control for infectious disease in the Middle East requires huge financial costs, equipment and a great time. Some of Iran's actions to control infectious diseases include: special attention of the Iran government to the health issue, training and developing human resources, membership and close cooperation with international organizations like WHO, detecting and monitoring emerging diseases before their arrival and distribution in Iran, expanding and updating national immunization and vaccination program since 1992, national project implementation titled "Health system development plan", supplying and manufacturing most of drugs required in Iran by the Iranian companies as a strategic planning, great coordination between different departments of the MOHME and other relevant institutions to Iran Army and Ministry of Intelligence to prevent the emergence of bioterrorism, and etc.

The Trend of ripk1/ripk3 and mlkl Mediated Necroptosis Pathway in Patients with Different Stages of Prostate Cancer as Promising Progression Biomarkers.

Background: Programmed cell death is critical to maintain tissue homeostasis. Necroptosis, as well as apoptosis, has been considered as another form of regulated cell death which can be used as an effective way to overcome apoptosis-resistant tumor tissue growth. The aim of present study was to test whether or not ripk1, ripk3, or mlkl expression levels, as the key necroptotic modulators in different stages of prostate tumor growth.

Differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell into germ-like cell under effect of co-culture with testicular cell tissue.

Supplements produced by mouse testicular cells (mTCs) and the interaction between cells can increase the differentiation rate of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) into the germ-like cells. We studied the differentiation rate of hUCMSCs into the germ-like cells under effect of mTCs co-culturing. Isolated hUCMSCs from postpartum human umbilical cords were cultured.

Overexpression of the Long Non-Coding RNA NeSt and FOXCUT in Early Stages of Prostate Cancer Samples as Promising Biomarkers.

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in males worldwide. Recently, it is well characterized that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play critical roles in the initiation, development, and progression of prostate cancer. NeST, an intergenic lncRNA, was found to be a positive regulator of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IFN-ɣ, which is responsible for both antitumor immunity properties as well as tumor evasion.

Identification of an intestinal microbiota signature associated with hospitalized patients with diarrhea.

As an important global health challenge, diarrhea kills nearly two million people each year. Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) usually manifests itself as the diarrhea-predominant subtype. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth has been observed more frequently in patients with IBS compared to healthy controls.

Therapeutic bacteria to combat cancer; current advances, challenges, and opportunities.

Successful treatment of cancer remains a challenge, due to the unique pathophysiology of solid tumors, and the predictable emergence of resistance. Traditional methods for cancer therapy including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy all have their own limitations. A novel approach is bacteriotherapy, either used alone, or in combination with conventional methods, has shown a positive effect on regression of tumors and inhibition of metastasis.

Antimicrobial resistance, prevalence of resistance genes, and molecular characterization in intestinal Bacteroides fragilis group isolates.

Since the level of antimicrobial resistance in Bacteroides fragilis has increased, monitoring the antimicrobial susceptibility could be necessary. The objectives of this study were to (i) investigate the prevalence of species, the occurrence of reduced antimicrobial susceptibility (E-test method), and antibiotic resistance genes in the B. fragilis group and (ii) evaluate the prevalence of enterotoxigenic B.

Fosfomycin: mechanisms and the increasing prevalence of resistance.

There are challenges regarding increased global rates of microbial resistance and the emergence of new mechanisms that result in microorganisms becoming resistant to antimicrobial drugs. Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic effective against Gram-negative and certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococci, that interfere with cell wall synthesis. During the last 40 years, fosfomycin has been evaluated in a wide range of applications and fields.