Comparison of Letrozole Versus Clomiphene Citrate Combined With Human Menopausal Gonadotropin in Women With Clomiphene-Resistant Anovulatory Infertility Undergoing Intrauterine Insemination: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background Millions of people of reproductive age worldwide struggle with infertility. Treatments such as controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination (IUI) are commonly used to address various causes of infertility. Medications such as clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole, when combined with human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG), have been shown to improve pregnancy rates and reduce treatment costs.

A Preliminary Study on Hymenal Morphology in Indian Females Without a History of Sexual Intercourse Presenting With Gynaecological Complaints.

Forensic examiners need to conduct detailed physical and genital examinations in medicolegal cases to testify as experts. In female genitalia, the hymen is a mucosal tissue surrounding the vagina that varies in appearance and thickness among individuals, adding to the complexity of female genital anatomy. There is limited research on the hymen, but understanding its structure and possible injuries is important for forensic examinations.

Role of Geminin as a Tool for Augmenting Accurate Diagnosis of Cervical Neoplasia.

Aim: To determine the role of geminin as a tool for differentiating various types of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma (CC).

Methods: Seventy women newly diagnosed with CIN or CC undergoing cervical biopsy were included; their clinical profile, human papilloma virus (HPV) positivity, and colposcopy findings were noted, and biopsy tissue was analyzed for geminin content.

Results: On geminin immunohistochemistry, 100% of women with CIN3 and 96.

Effect of Exogenous Progesterone on Fetal Nuchal Translucency: An Observational Study.

Introduction Nuchal translucency is a reliable first trimester screening test for fetal structural and chromosomal defects. Neonates with increased nuchal thickness are at greater risk for anomalies. Exogenous progesterone supplementation may affect nuchal translucency and thus the first trimester anomaly screening.