A Randomized, Observer-Blinded, Active-Controlled, Phase IIIb Study to Compare IV/Oral Delafloxacin Fixed-Dose Monotherapy With Best Available Treatments in a Microbiologically Enriched Population With Surgical Site Infections: The DRESS Study.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common skin and skin structure infections and are mostly polymicrobial, requiring hospitalization and broad-spectrum antibiotics. This clinical trial evaluated the noninferiority of delafloxacin vs best available therapy (BAT) for the treatment of superficial or deep incisional SSI following a cardiothoracic/related leg or abdominal surgical procedure.

Methods: In this randomized, observer-blinded, active-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, phase IIIb study, patients with SSI were randomized 1:1 to receive delafloxacin 300 mg intravenous (IV)/450 mg oral (OS) or BAT IV/OS (vancomycin or linezolid for cardiothoracic SSI, piperacillin/tazobactam or tigecycline for abdominal SSI).

Upregulation of YKL-40 Promotes Metastatic Phenotype and Correlates with Poor Prognosis and Therapy Response in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

YKL-40 is a heparin- and chitin-binding glycoprotein that belongs to the family of glycosyl hydrolases but lacks enzymatic properties. It affects different (patho)physiological processes, including cancer. In different tumors, YKL-40 gene overexpression has been linked to higher cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vasculogenic mimicry, migration, and invasion.

Gut microbiome: Linking together obesity, bariatric surgery and associated clinical outcomes under a single focus.

Obesity is increasingly prevalent in the post-industrial era, with increased mortality rates. The gut microbiota has a central role in immunological, nutritional and metabolism mediated functions, and due to its multiplexity, it is considered an independent organ. Modern high-throughput sequencing techniques have allowed phylogenetic exploration and quantitative analyses of gut microbiome and improved our current understanding of the gut microbiota in health and disease.

A Colorectal Cancer 3D Bioprinting Workflow as a Platform for Disease Modeling and Chemotherapeutic Screening.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and has recently moved up to the second leading cause of death among carcinomas. Prognosis, especially for advanced diseases or certain molecular subtypes of CRC, remains poor, which highlights the urgent need for better therapeutic strategies. However, currently, as little as 0.

Alternative RNA Splicing-The Trojan Horse of Cancer Cells in Chemotherapy.

Almost all transcribed human genes undergo alternative RNA splicing, which increases the diversity of the coding and non-coding cellular landscape. The resultant gene products might have distinctly different and, in some cases, even opposite functions. Therefore, the abnormal regulation of alternative splicing plays a crucial role in malignant transformation, development, and progression, a fact supported by the distinct splicing profiles identified in both healthy and tumor cells.

Laparoscopic combined colorectal and liver resections for primary colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases.

Backgrounds/aims: Synchronous liver metastases (SLMs) are found in 15-25% of patients at the time of diagnosis with colorectal cancer, which is limited to the liver in 30% of patients. Surgical resection is the most effective and potentially curative therapy for metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC) of the liver. The comparison of simultaneous resection of primary CRC and synchronous liver metastases with staged resections is the subject of debate with respect to morbidity.