Accelerated Electro-Conversion of a Nickel Coordination Complex for Hybrid Water Electrolysis.

Electrocatalytic energy conversion relies on the dynamic transformation of electrode materials into "electrocatalytically active phases" under reaction conditions. Pre-catalysts, which undergo extensive structural and chemical changes during electrochemical activation, are particularly promising in this regard. In the context of electrocatalysis, coordination complexes with labile ligands offer a unique advantage, as they can rapidly reconstruct under electrochemical conditions.

Mitigating organophosphate nerve agent, soman (GD), induced long-term neurotoxicity: Saracatinib, a Src Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, as a potential countermeasure.

Background: Acute exposure to soman (GD), an organophosphate nerve agent (OPNA), irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE), induces seizures, and could be fatal if not treated immediately. Existing medical countermeasures (MCMs- atropine, oximes, and benzodiazepines) mitigate the acute life-threatening cholinergic symptoms but have limited protection against long-term neurological consequences in survivors. This indicates a need for an effective adjunct therapy to mitigate cognitive, behavioral, and brain pathology associated with OPNA exposure.

Mitigating Organophosphate Nerve Agent, Soman (GD)-Induced Long-Term Neurotoxicity: Saracatinib, a Src Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, as a Potential Countermeasure.

Background: Acute exposure to soman (GD), an organophosphate nerve agent (OPNA), irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE), induces seizures, and could be fatal if not treated immediately. Existing medical countermeasures (MCMs- atropine, oximes, and benzodiazepines) mitigate the acute life-threatening cholinergic symptoms but have limited protection against long-term neurological damage in survivors. This indicates a need for an effective adjunct therapy to mitigate cognitive, behavioral, and brain pathology associated with OPNA exposure.

Off-target effects of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor mitoapocynin-encapsulated nanoparticles and free-drug oral treatment in a rat DFP model of neurotoxicity.

Acute exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), an organophosphate (OP), produces chronic neurological effects such as spontaneous seizures and behavioural comorbidities. Achieving optimal drug bioavailability in the brain by conventional routes to treat OP-induced neurotoxicity is challenging. Therefore, we investigated polyanhydride nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated drug delivery via the intramuscular route in rats for improved bioavailability of an antioxidant, NADPH oxidase inhibitor mitoapocynin (MPO).

Loop Catalog: a comprehensive HiChIP database of human and mouse samples.

HiChIP enables cost-effective and high-resolution profiling of chromatin loops. To leverage the increasing number of HiChIP datasets, we develop Loop Catalog ( https://loopcatalog.lji.

The Effects of Neuronal Knockdown in the Hippocampus in the Rat Kainate Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Previous studies have demonstrated neuronal and microglial Fyn, a Src family kinase (SFK), and how its interactions with tau contribute to epileptogenesis. Saracatinib, a Fyn/SFK inhibitor, modifies disease progression in rat kainate (KA) epilepsy models. In this study, we investigated neuronal-specific knockdown effects on Fyn-tau signaling, neurodegeneration, and gliosis using a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-promoter-driven adeno-associated viral vector (AAV9)-mediated -shRNA injection in the rat hippocampus.

Unraveling the Synergy of Interfacial Engineering in In Situ Prepared NiO/NdNiO for ppb-Level SO Sensing: Mechanistic and First-Principles Insights.

Interfacial engineering of semiconductor metal oxides offers a plethora of features to overcome the limitations of chemiresistive gas sensors, thereby increasing their practical viability. Herein, the SO sensing characteristics of NiO are modulated through the incorporation of NdNiO, via a facile in situ synthesis of NiO/NdNiO nanostructures that significantly enhance the sensor performance. To this end, systematic control of the Nd/Ni molar ratio is employed during the synthesis of NiO/NdNiO, enabling the regulation of structural properties and interfacial interactions.

Antibody response to non-mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients.

Background: Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) show poor antibody response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. There is limited data on immune response to non-mRNA vaccines in KTRs. We studied the antibody response to the SARS-CoV-2 non-mRNA vaccine in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients.

Volumetric measurement of terminal ileal Crohn's disease by magnetic resonance enterography: a feasibility study.

Objectives: Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) interpretation of Crohn's disease (CD) is subjective and uses 2D analysis. We evaluated the feasibility of volumetric measurement of terminal ileal CD on MRE compared to endoscopy and sMARIA, and the responsiveness of volumetric changes to biologics.

Methods: CD patients with MRE and contemporaneous CD endoscopic index of severity-scored ileocolonoscopy were included.

Loop Catalog: a comprehensive HiChIP database of human and mouse samples.

HiChIP enables cost-effective and high-resolution profiling of chromatin loops. To leverage the increasing number of HiChIP datasets, we developed Loop Catalog (https://loopcatalog.lji.

Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis in a Renal Transplant Patient by a Rare Fungus Medicopsis romeroi.

Medicopsis romeroi is a dematiaceous fungus that rarely causes subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Here, we report a subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by a rare dematiaceous fungus, M. romeroi, in a 56-year-old male renal transplant patient.

The NADPH Oxidase Inhibitor, Mitoapocynin, Mitigates DFP-Induced Reactive Astrogliosis in a Rat Model of Organophosphate Neurotoxicity.

NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a primary mediator of superoxides, which promote oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation after diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) intoxication. Although orally administered mitoapocynin (MPO, 10 mg/kg), a mitochondrial-targeted NOX inhibitor, reduced oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the periphery, its efficacy in the brain regions of DFP-exposed rats was limited. In this study, we encapsulated MPO in polyanhydride nanoparticles (NPs) based on 1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy) hexane (CPH) and sebacic anhydride (SA) for enhanced drug delivery to the brain and compared with a high oral dose of MPO (30 mg/kg).

Inhibiting Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase with 1400W Reduces Soman (GD)-Induced Ferroptosis in Long-Term Epilepsy-Associated Neuropathology: Structural and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlations with Neurobehavior and Brain Pathology.

Organophosphate (OP) nerve agent (OPNA) intoxication leads to long-term brain dysfunctions. The ineffectiveness of current treatments for OPNA intoxication prompts a quest for the investigation of the mechanism and an alternative effective therapeutic approach. Our previous studies on 1400W, a highly selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, showed improvement in epilepsy and seizure-induced brain pathology in rat models of kainate and OP intoxication.

The effects of Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor, saracatinib, on the markers of epileptogenesis in a mixed-sex cohort of adult rats in the kainic acid model of epilepsy.

Neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation are key processes of epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). A considerable number (∼30%) of patients with epilepsy are resistant to currently available antiseizure drugs and thus there is a need to develop adjunct therapies to modify disease progression. A vast majority of interventional strategies to treat TLE have utilized males which limits the translational nature of the studies.

Impact of obesity on the conversion of immediate-release tacrolimus to extended-release tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients.

Outcomes analyzing conversion from IR-tacrolimus (IR) to LCP-tacrolimus (LCP) in obesity are limited. This was a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of patients converted from IR to LCP from June 2019 to October 2020. Primary outcomes were conversion ratios for weight-based dose at a steady-state therapeutic level and identification of appropriate dosing weight.

Imaging of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: An Update.

Imaging of gastrointestinal bleeding crucial in the diagnosis of occult gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointestinal bleeding scintigraphy is a well-established study to aid localisation of gastrointestinal bleeding site. This article discusses about the use of gastrointestinal bleeding scintigraphy in its current practice with emphasis on radiopharmaceutical, imaging techniques, interpretation and pitfalls.

Clinical Profile and Outcome of Patients presenting with Guillain - Barré Syndrome in a Medical Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an inflammatory, autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system that is acute in onset, self-limited, and can result in significant morbidity, placing a burden on the healthcare system. This study aims to study the clinical profile and outcome of patients with GBS who require intensive care unit (ICU) and mechanical ventilation (MV).

Materials And Methods: After Institutional Ethics Committee approval, a single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted, recruiting 51 patients from the medical ICU with GBS over 18 months.

Disease-modifying effects of a glial-targeted inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W) in mixed-sex cohorts of a rat soman (GD) model of epilepsy.

Background: Acute exposure to seizurogenic organophosphate (OP) nerve agents (OPNA) such as diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) or soman (GD), at high concentrations, induce immediate status epilepticus (SE), reactive gliosis, neurodegeneration, and epileptogenesis as a consequence. Medical countermeasures (MCMs-atropine, oximes, benzodiazepines), if administered in < 20 min of OPNA exposure, can control acute symptoms and mortality. However, MCMs alone are inadequate to prevent OPNA-induced brain injury and behavioral dysfunction in survivors.

Peripheral and central effects of NADPH oxidase inhibitor, mitoapocynin, in a rat model of diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) toxicity.

Organophosphates (OP) are highly toxic chemical nerve agents that have been used in chemical warfare. Currently, there are no effective medical countermeasures (MCMs) that mitigate the chronic effects of OP exposure. Oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying OP-induced cell death and inflammation in the peripheral and central nervous systems and is not mitigated by the available MCMs.

Disease-Modifying Effects of a Glial-targeted Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor (1400W) in Mixed-sex Cohorts of a Rat Soman (GD) Model of Epilepsy.

Acute exposure to seizurogenic organophosphate (OP) nerve agents (OPNA) such as diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) or soman (GD), at high concentrations, induce immediate (SE), reactive gliosis, neurodegeneration, and epileptogenesis as a consequence. Medical countermeasures (MCMs- atropine, oximes, benzodiazepines), if administered in < 20 minutes of OPNA exposure, can control acute symptoms and mortality. However, MCMs alone are inadequate to prevent OPNA-induced brain injury and behavioral dysfunction in survivors.

Non-inhibitory levels of oxygen during cultivation increase freeze-drying stress tolerance in DSM 17938.

The physiological effects of oxygen on DSM 17938 during cultivation and the ensuing properties of the freeze-dried probiotic product was investigated. On-line flow cytometry and -means clustering gating was used to follow growth and viability in real time during cultivation. The bacterium tolerated aeration at 500 mL/min, with a growth rate of 0.

1400 W, a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, mitigates early neuroinflammation and nitrooxidative stress in diisopropylfluorophosphate-induced short-term neurotoxicity rat model.

Organophosphate nerve agent (OPNA) exposure induces acute and long-term neurological deficits. OPNA exposure at sub-lethal concentrations induces irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and cholinergic toxidrome and develops (SE). Persistent seizures have been associated with increased production of ROS/RNS, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration.

Assessing the difference in racial and ethnic disparities in access to and use of care between Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage.

Objective: Test whether racial-ethnic disparities in the access and use of care differ between Traditional Medicare (TM) and Medicare Advantage (MA).

Data Source: Secondary data from the 2015-2018 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS).

Study Design: Measure Black-White and Hispanic-White disparities in access to care and use of preventive services within TM, within MA, and assess the difference-in-disparities between the two programs with and without controls for factors that could influence enrollment, access, and use.

Impact of CYP3A5 genotype on de-novo LCP tacrolimus dosing and monitoring in kidney transplantation.

Objectives: LCP tac has a recommended starting dose of 0.14 mg/kg/day in kidney transplant. The goal of this study was to assess the influence of CYP3A5 on perioperative LCP tac dosing and monitoring.