Dominance of DENV-1 and Flavivirus Serological Cross-Reactivity During the 2016 Dengue Outbreak in Vietnam.

Flaviviruses such as dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) pose a major health burden in Vietnam, where overlapping clinical features and serological cross-reactivity complicate accurate diagnosis and outbreak control. This study aimed to investigate circulating DENV serotypes and assess serological cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses during the 2016 dengue outbreak in central Vietnam. Aretrospective study was conducted on 146 hospitalized dengue patients during the 2016 outbreak in Binh Dinh province.

Cross-Sectional Study: Associations of A20 and Cezanne with Leukocyte Accumulation in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the aberrant proliferation of immature lymphoid cells. Lymphoblasts derived from the B-cell lymphoid lineage are identified as B-ALL. A20, CYLD and Cezanne are deubiquitinase genes that inhibit inflammatory response and tumor progression.

Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Suppresses Human Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) was the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2022. Despite advances in oncology, CRC prognosis and treatment outcomes have shown limited improvement over the past decades, highlighting the urgent need for more effective therapies. Adiponectin signaling, known for its tumor-suppressive role in various cancers including CRC, presents a promising therapeutic target.

Characterization of dengue patients in Vietnam: Clinical, virological, and IL-10 profiles during 2021- 2022 outbreaks.

Background: The pathogenesis of dengue is attributed to a complex interaction between the dengue virus (DENV) and the host immune system. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical, virological, and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) profiles of dengue patients in Vietnam from two consecutive outbreaks in 2021 and 2022.

Methods: A total of n=306 dengue patients were examined, who were clinically stratified according to dengue without warning signs (DF; n=178), dengue with warning signs (DWS; n=115) and severe dengue (SD; n=13).

Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Vietnamese Pregnant Women with Hepatitis B: Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection during pregnancy is associated with obstetric complications and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HEV and RNA positivity in both healthy pregnant women and women coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 528 pregnant women (278 with and 250 without hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]) in their third trimester.

Epidemiology and Genotype Dynamics of Dengue in Hospitalized Patients in Northern Vietnam Between 2020 and 2022.

Background: Arboviruses, including Dengue (DENV), Zika, and chikungunya, cause recurrent outbreaks of varying intensity in tropical countries. This study aimed to investigate other arboviruses, including Zika and chikungunya, in patients clinically suspected of Dengue and to characterize the circulating Dengue serotypes and genotypes in Northern Vietnam from 2020 to 2022. To date, information on this topic in the region has been limited.

Early impaired insulin tolerance among Vietnamese diabetes with or without dyslipidemia.

This study aims to evaluate impaired insulin tolerance among Vietnamese diabetes with or without dyslipidemia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains the serious global health and social burden that has increased over the past few decades. It progresses silently to vascular injury and disability of injured vascular-perfused tissues/organs.

Single-agent Adavosertib Shows Anticancer Effects Against Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Adavosertib (AZD1775), a small molecule inhibitor of WEE1 kinase, abrogates G/M cell cycle arrest and induces double-stranded DNA breaks. According to previous findings, adavosertib, in combination with other DNA-damaging agents, causes premature mitosis and cell death in p53-mutated cancer cells mainly via abrogation of the G/M cell cycle checkpoint.

Hyponutrition among newly diagnosed gastric cancer.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the malnutrition status among Vietnamese patients newly diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC).

Background: GC remains the top rank of common and deadly diseases. With limited clinical manifestation, most GC patients were diagnosed at late stages when tumor is not radically resected.

Association of UGT1A1 gene variants, expression levels, and enzyme concentrations with 2,3,7,8-TCDD exposure in individuals exposed to Agent Orange/Dioxin.

Among the congener of dioxin, 2,3,7,8-TCDD is the most toxic, having a serious long-term impact on the environment and human health. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) plays a crucial role in the detoxification and excretion of endogenous and exogenous lipophilic compounds, primarily in the liver and gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to investigate the association of UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms, expression levels, and enzyme concentration with Agent Orange/Dioxin exposure.

Markers of prolonged hospitalisation in severe dengue.

Background: Dengue is one of the most common diseases in the tropics and subtropics. Whilst mortality is a rare event when adequate supportive care can be provided, a large number of patients get hospitalised with dengue every year that places a heavy burden on local health systems. A better understanding of the support required at the time of hospitalisation is therefore of critical importance for healthcare planning, especially when resources are limited during major outbreaks.

Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Effectively Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second lethal cancer. Short overall survival, low five-year survival rate, and unimproved treatment efficacy urge the need to improve HCC prognosis. Adiponectin is key protector against cancer and hepatic abnormalities.

Complement receptor type 1 and 2 (CR1 and CR2) gene polymorphisms and plasma protein levels are associated with the Dengue disease severity.

The pathological outcome of dengue disease results from complex interactions between dengue virus (DENV) and host genetics and immune response. Complement receptor types 1 and 2 (CR1 and CR2) mediate complement activation through the alternative pathway. This study investigated the possible association of genetic polymorphisms and plasma levels of CR1 and CR2 with dengue disease.

Clinical association and diagnostic significance of miRNA-29a and miRNA-147b in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Micro RNAs (miRs) expression is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study investigates the expression levels of plasma miR-29a, miR-146a, and miR-147b and their correlations with clinical parameters in patients with T2DM. 105 patients with T2DM who categorized either as newly diagnosed T2DM (n=52) or treated T2DM (n=53) and 93 healthy individuals were included in this study.

The diagnostic and prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on gastric cancer patients.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the remaining concern of cancer-associated health burden. Valuable predictive and prognostic indicators support the early diagnosis and improve outcome. Immune escape and inflammation are important cancer hallmarks.

Association of PKLR gene copy number, expression levels and enzyme activity with 2,3,7,8-TCDD exposure in individuals exposed to Agent Orange/Dioxin in Vietnam.

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) is the most toxic congener of dioxin and has serious long-term effects on the environment and human health. Pyruvate Kinase L/R (PKLR) gene expression levels and gene variants are associated with pyruvate kinase enzyme deficiency, which has been identified as the cause of several diseases linked to dioxin exposure. In this study, we estimated PKLR gene copy number and gene expression levels using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays, genotyped PKLR SNP rs3020781 by Sanger sequencing, and quantified plasma pyruvate kinase enzyme activity in 100 individuals exposed to Agent Orange/Dioxin near Bien Hoa and Da Nang airfields in Vietnam and 100 healthy controls.

Prognostic significance of the angiopoietin-2 for early prediction of septic shock in severe sepsis patients.

Aim: The current study investigated the plasma levels of angiopoietin-1/-2 and their association with clinical outcomes of sepsis.

Methods: Angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels were quantified in plasma from 105 patients with severe sepsis by ELISA.

Results: Angiopoietin-2 levels elevated according to the severity of sepsis progression.

The safety of CAR-T cells and PD-1 antibody combination on an experimental model.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and PD-1 antibodies (PD-1 Ab) are emergent immunotherapies with unprecedented efficacy. The presence of PD-1 on T cells contributes to hypofunction of CAR-T therapy and inhibition of PD-1 enhances anti-cancer effect of CAR-T cells. Therefore, the combination of CAR-T cells and PD-1 antibody is a promissing strategy for cancer treatment.

X-ray-irradiated K562 feeder cells for expansion of functional CAR-T cells.

Immunotherapy, particularly CAR-T therapy has recently emerged as an innovator for cancer treatment. Gamma-irradiated K562 cells is a common and effective method to stimulated CAR-T cells prior to treatment. However, high cost and limited equipment of gamma-irradiation is drawback of this method.

Custom gene expression panel for evaluation of potential molecular markers in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is a highly heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis and limited treatment options, which highlights the need for reliable biomarkers. This study aims to explore molecular markers that allow stratification of HCC and may lead to better prognosis and treatment prediction.