Comparison of behavioral outcomes following cranial vault remodeling versus strip craniectomy for non-syndromic sagittal craniosynostosis.

Purpose: While previous studies have investigated behavioral development after non-syndromic sagittal craniosynostosis (NSSC) repair, there is limited information available about the influence of surgical technique. This study examined behavioral differences among patients with NSSC following cranial vault remodeling (CVR) versus strip craniectomy (SC).

Methods: Parents of patients ages 6-18 years old with NSSC repaired before 6 months via either CVR or SC completed four behavioral surveys: Conners Short 3rd Edition (ADHD), Social Responsiveness Scale 2nd edition (ASD), Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function 2nd Edition (executive functioning), and Child Behavior Checklist (emotional/behavioral regulation).

Long-term neurocognitive and behavioral outcomes in patients with non-syndromic craniosynostosis.

Purpose: In this study, we explore the long-term cognitive capabilities and behaviors of patients in late adolescence and early adulthood who underwent corrective surgery for craniosynostosis as infants.

Methods: Patients 16 years of age or older who had undergone surgery as infants for any type of non-syndromic craniosynostosis were identified from the operating records of three craniofacial plastic surgeons from a single institution. Participants underwent standardized neurocognitive testing using the BEERY and WASI.

Unrevealing emphysematous gastritis: Insight from a comprehensive systematic review.

Background: Emphysematous Gastritis is a rare condition, characterized by the presence of gas within the gastric wall. It is associated with a high mortality rate, but early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce mortality and improve patient outcomes.

Methodology: For this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from inception until October 2024 to find relevant case reports or case series on emphysematous gastritis.

A Systematic Review of Hand Surgery Simulation.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and duty hour restrictions illuminated a role for surgical simulation in hand surgery training that permits meaningful technical experience outside the operating room. Implementation of surgical simulation infrastructure alongside clinical training accounting for complexity and cost should be considered. This systematic review analyzes cadaveric, benchtop, 3D-printed, augmented/virtual reality, and animal models that may effectively simulate hand surgical techniques and procedures with subjective or objective competence assessment.

From Glycemic Control to Gut Telescoping: Intussusception in a Patient on a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely utilized for managing diabetes and obesity due to their efficacy in improving glycemic control and promoting weight loss. However, their gastrointestinal effects, such as slowed motility, may lead to adverse outcomes, including small bowel obstruction. Intussusception, a rare complication in adults, has been sparsely reported with GLP-1RA use.

Development and Assessment of a Patient-Reported Outcome Instrument for Gender-Affirming Care.

Importance: There is an urgent need for a validated gender-affirming care-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM).

Objective: To field test the GENDER-Q, a new PROM for gender-affirming care, in a large, international sample of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adults and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This international cross-sectional study was conducted among TGD adults aged 18 years and older who were seeking or had received gender-affirming care within the past 5 years at 21 clinical sites across Canada, the United States, the Netherlands, and Spain; participants were also recruited through community groups (eg, crowdsourcing platform, social media).

A Pain in the Neck of the Gallbladder: Mirizzi Syndrome.

Mirizzi syndrome (MS) occurs in cholelithiasis when gallstones obstruct the cystic duct or neck of the gallbladder, leading to compression of the common hepatic duct (CHD) and potentially causing ductal obstruction. This may result in the formation of a cholecystocholedochal fistula. Open cholecystectomy is the standard treatment.

An Expanded Access Protocol of RNS60 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Aims: RNS60 is an investigational product in clinical development for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). RNS60 slowed disease progression in the ALS SOD1 mouse model and was safe and well tolerated both in an open-label pilot study and a randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase 2 trial in people living with ALS. The objective of this ongoing expanded access protocol (EAP) was to provide RNS60 to people living with ALS who are ineligible for controlled clinical trials and to collect data on the safety and tolerability of dosing RNS60 via twice-daily nebulization rather than the previously studied daily nebulization with weekly intravenous administration.

Microtia Reconstruction: 30-Day Outcomes for Autograft Versus Implant Reconstruction in a National Surgical Database.

To compare the use of porous polyethylene implants versus autologous reconstruction for ear reconstruction in patients with microtia or anotia.Retrospective cohort study.Hospitals included in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project-Pediatrics, between 2016 and 2022.

The prognostic relevance of donor-specific antibodies in facial transplantation - A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the prognostic relevance of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) and C4d tissue deposition for acute and chronic rejection in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of nine face transplant patients. Outcome measures, such as DSA positivity, were determined by the local tissue typing laboratory, whereas C4d deposition was assessed by immunostaining.

Increasing Omission of Race and Ethnicity in a National Surgical Database.

Background: Accurate data collection on race and ethnicity is critical to detecting and characterizing disparities in surgical care. This study explores the prevalence and impact of missing race and ethnicity data in the NSQIP Pediatric (NSQIP-P) database.

Study Design: NSQIP-P from 2016 to 2020 was assessed for patients who were missing data for race (RM), ethnicity (EM), or both (BM).

The Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Pediatric Facial Fractures.

Pediatric facial fractures, while less common due to the unique skeletal characteristics of children, represent a significant source of morbidity with potential long-term developmental consequences. This comprehensive national study utilizes data from the Trauma Quality Improvement Project (TQIP) to analyze trends in pediatric facial fractures across the United States between 2017 and 2022, noting trends observed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors examined a robust cohort of 121,407 pediatric patients aged 0 to 18 who sustained facial fractures.

Finesse in Gender Affirming Frontal Contouring With Corrugator Resection.

Given the significance of forehead aesthetics to facial gender identification, frontal sinus setback and brow contouring are frequent components of facial feminization surgery (FFS) in transgender female patients. This study presents a safe and reliable technique for corrugator muscle resection during FFS to provide enhanced feminization of the forehead. This technique was performed in 12 patients between 27 and 58 years of age.

Assessing the Relationship Between Mandibular Contouring and Iatrogenic Jowling in Facial Feminization Surgery.

Lower-third facial feminization procedures have been associated with the development of postoperative jowling, yet quantitative evaluations of this outcome remain limited. This study evaluated the relationship between patient risk factors and bony volume reduction with postoperative jowling. Chin and gonial angle bony measurements were obtained from preoperative and postoperative computed tomography imaging, whereas changes in jowling were assessed using a validated photonumeric jowling scale on preoperative and postoperative patient images.

Long-term posttransplant-related bone volumetric changes in eight face transplant recipients - A single-center retrospective case series.

Background: The long-term stability of allograft or native bone in facial vascularized composite allograft (fVCA) recipients is unclear. This study quantified long-term bone volume changes in facial transplants.

Methods: Computed tomography scans of eight fVCA recipients (2011-2023) were analyzed with Materialise Mimics.

Workforce Analysis of Laryngologists in the United States Between 1993 and 2022.

Introduction: This study queries the US laryngology workforce geographic distribution and density and models laryngology workforce trends through 2050.

Methods: A national database of fellowship-trained laryngologists (FTLs) and nonfellowship-trained laryngologists (nFTLs) practicing primarily laryngology was formed by identifying laryngologists via internet search, with validation by regional laryngologists and senior laryngologists on this manuscript. Demographic variables included residency and/or fellowship graduation year, institutional affiliation, and practice zip code.

The Most Socially Vulnerable Patients Benefit the Most Following Gender Affirming Facial Surgery.

Objective: While studies have shown that access to facial feminization surgery can be restricted by financial and geographic limitations, there is a lack of information on the impact of surgery on the most vulnerable patients. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of social vulnerability and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage on patient-reported outcomes after facial feminization surgery.

Methods: Patients were surveyed pre and postoperatively using the FACE-Q Aesthetics Questionnaire and geo-coded using home addresses to obtain social vulnerability index (SVI) and Area Deprivation Index scores.

Perceptions of surgery in Nicaragua: A cross-sectional survey study within the surgery for the people project.

Barriers to medical care include lack of proper infrastructure and equipment; however, cultural barriers to care and poorly perceived quality of care, especially surgical care, can also negatively impact a patient's utilization of healthcare services. This study used patient-survey data from three unique municipalities in Nicaragua to examine pre-hospital barriers to care, including previous experience with healthcare, and how those experiences impact patient perceptions of surgery and care-seeking behavior. Surveys were administered in Siuna, Rosita, and Bonanza, Nicaragua between July 2019 and September 2020.

Ten-year follow-up after face transplantation-A single-center retrospective cohort study.

Face transplantation has emerged as reconstructive option for the most challenging facial deformities. A comprehensive analysis of functional outcomes, medical complications, incidence of malignancy, and chronic rejection in face transplantation recipients over an extended follow-up period has not yet been published leaving a notable gap in the literature. We retrospectively collected data of morbidity, rejection, vasculopathy, metabolic side effects, as well as functional outcome of sensory return, facial motor function, and speech from 9 patients who underwent face transplantation at Brigham and Women's Hospital between 2009 and 2020.

Gender and Racial Demographic Trends in the US Laryngology Workforce (1993-2022).

Objectives: To analyze demographic trends in laryngology fellowship training in the United States from 1993 to 2022, comparing periods before and after formalization of the fellowship within the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) in 2012.

Methods: A national database of fellowship-trained laryngologists (FTLs) and non-fellowship-trained laryngologists (nFTLs) practicing primarily laryngology was created by methodically compiling laryngologists via Internet search, with corroboration by regional laryngologists and vetting by senior laryngologists on this manuscript. Demographic variables included residency and/or fellowship graduation year, gender, race and ethnicity inferred through individuals' photos and surnames.