A 2 and 5-Year Longitudinal Analysis of 671 Consecutive Patients Diagnosed with Unilateral Vestibular Schwannoma.

Objective: To analyse the 2 and 5-year outcomes of a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed vestibular schwannoma patients.

Study Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary skull base referral unit.

The Use of Postoperative Antibiotics Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery is performed for medically recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis. There is no universally accepted strategy regarding post-operative antibiotics despite the high rates of usage worldwide. The aim of this study was to analyse patient-reported and objective outcomes behind antibiotic use following endoscopic sinus surgery.

Latest developments on topical therapies in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Purpose Of Review: Topical therapies play an important role in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). A detailed literature review was undertaken to appraise recent evidence surrounding current topical therapies and novel treatments used in the setting of recalcitrant CRS.

Recent Findings: Effective sinus surgery aids in the delivery of topical therapies.

Partial resection of the middle turbinate during endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis does not lead to an increased risk of empty nose syndrome: a cohort study of a tertiary practice.

Background: The treatment of the middle turbinate (MT) during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains a contentious issue with arguments both for and against its resection. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical impact of partial MT resection (PMTR) during ESS, paying particular attention to the risk of developing empty nose syndrome (ENS) and alteration to olfaction.

Methods: This cohort study was performed on prospectively collected data.

Association of intracellular Staphylococcus aureus with prognosis in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been shown to exist within nasal epithelial cells in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. This study investigates the localization of intracellular S.

Endoscopic surgery of skull base chordomas.

Objective To assess our clinical experience in treating midline intracranial pathology using minimally invasive surgical techniques. Design Retrospective chart review of patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal resection of clival chordomas. Setting Two tertiary referral centers in Australia and New Zealand.

Safety evaluation of a sinus surfactant in an explant-based cytotoxicity assay.

Objectives/hypothesis: Biofilms are associated with clinical relapse following surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Encased bacteria are protected from innate immunity and antimicrobial therapy. Surfactants can disperse the biofilm into its planktonic phenotype so that traditional treatments may be effective.

Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus: the Trojan horse of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis?

Background: Despite recent evidence suggesting that Staphylococcus aureus exists within the sinonasal epithelium of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients, certain questions remain. The intracellular environment may provide a protective niche for pathogenic bacteria to evade host immunity and yet provide a reservoir for reinfection. To date, no studies have examined the impact of this bacterial phenotype; therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the role of intracellular S.

Identifying intracellular Staphylococcus aureus in chronic rhinosinusitis: a direct comparison of techniques.

Background: The emerging concept of intracellular pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus playing a role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has led to the development of numerous imaging techniques for their identification. Traditional methods of bacterial culture are not effective at localizing bacteria to the surface or within tissue samples. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel imaging technique using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) coupled with a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probe and nucleic acid counterstain (propidium iodide [PI]) that allows for simultaneous analysis of S.

Prevention of false positive binding during immunofluorescence of Staphylococcus aureus infected tissue biopsies.

Immunofluorescence is a fundamental tool used to analyse tissue and cell samples with a wide variety of available antibodies targeting specific proteins or molecules. Staphylococcal surface protein A is used both in clinical, research and industrial settings for its ability to bind mammalian immunoglobulin G. Spurious binding between protein A and IgG antibodies can lead to false-positive fluorescence and misleading results.

The multiplicity of Staphylococcus aureus in chronic rhinosinusitis: correlating surface biofilm and intracellular residence.

Objectives/hypothesis: The biofilm paradigm of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is increasingly understood to play a key role in the pathophysiology of this disease. The role of intracellular infection of sinonasal epithelial cells has been suggested as a potential reservoir of pathogenic organisms that can lead to recalcitrant disease despite maximal medical and surgical treatment. Could a surface biofilm play a role in allowing intracellular infection to occur, and what are the factors associated with potential intracellular infections? The aim of this study was to investigate these questions.

The role of narrow band imaging in early detection of head and neck cancer.

Narrow band imaging (NBI) is a novel method of imaging that increases the diagnostic potential of conventional endoscopy. It highlights abnormalities in the superficial vasculature of mucosal lesions so that precancerous or cancerous lesions can be identified more easily. Initially developed for the gastrointestinal tract, and widely used in other branches of medicine, it is now being used for the assessment of patients with malignancy in the head and neck.

Use of narrow band imaging guidance in the management of oral erythroplakia.

Erythroplakia is an epithelial lesion that holds the highest risk of showing severe dysplasia or microinvasive carcinoma. The gold standard treatment is total excision to obtain a complete histopathological diagnosis. Traditionally this has been done by illumination of the lesion with white light, and resection with adequate margins.

Bowel obstruction following deep circumflex iliac artery free flap harvesting.

The deep circumflex iliac artery flap (DCIA) has been well described as an autograft flap used in head and neck reconstructions, particularly for large maxillary and mandibular defects. Complications, particularly at the donor site, have been well documented. Although it is considered a minor complication, herniation should not be underestimated as it can potentially lead to bowel obstruction, necessitating an emergency operation.

Herniation of the temporomandibular joint into the external auditory meatus secondary to benign necrotising otitis externa.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is intimately related to the external auditory meatus (EAM). Herniation of the joint into the EAM occurs secondary to neoplasia, trauma, inflammation and developmental problems [Conover GL, Crammond RJ. Tympanic plate fracture from mandibular trauma.

Food insecurity and low income in an English inner city.

Background: Low incomes may not provide the minimum requirements for healthy living. We evaluated experiences of food insecurity in relation to income in inner London.

Methods: Subjects attending 10 general medical practices completed a short self-administered questionnaire, including the short form Household Food Security Scale and a short food frequency questionnaire.