Evaluation of deepseek, gemini, ChatGPT-4o, and perplexity in responding to salivary gland cancer.

Background: Artificial intelligence AI platforms, such as Gemini, ChatGPT, DeepSeek, and Perplexity, are increasingly utilized to support clinical decision-making, yet their accuracy in specific medical domains remains variable. This study assessed the performance of these AI chatbots in responding to clinical questions commonly posed by surgeons in the context of salivary gland cancer, a field closely related to oral and maxillofacial oncology.

Methods: Thirty clinical questions related to salivary gland malignancies were created according to the ASCO 2021 guidelines.

-derived polysaccharides alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice by suppressing inflammation, enhancing intestinal barrier integrity, and restoring gut microbiota homeostasis.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), is characterized by disturbances in the intestinal barrier, immune system dysfunction, and an altered gut microbiota composition. , a medicinal mushroom known for its bioactive polysaccharides, has shown potential anti-inflammatory properties. However, its therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis have not been studied.