The immunoregulatory role of monocytes and thrombomodulin in myelodysplastic neoplasms.

Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are clonal disorders of the myeloid lineage leading to peripheral blood cytopenias. Dysregulation of innate immunity is hypothesized to be a potent driver of MDS. A recent study revealed increased thrombomodulin (TM) expression on classical monocytes in MDS, which was associated with prolonged survival.

Reduced frequencies and functional impairment of dendritic cell subsets and non-classical monocytes in myelodysplastic syndromes.

In myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) the immune system is involved in pathogenesis as well as in disease progression. Dendritic cells (DC) are key players of the immune system by serving as regulators of immune responses. Their function has been scarcely studied in MDS and most of the reported studies didn't investigate naturally occurring DC subsets.

Thrombomodulin-expressing monocytes are associated with low-risk features in myelodysplastic syndromes and dampen excessive immune activation.

The bone marrow of patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is often an inflammatory environment and associated with an active cellular immune response. An active immune response generally contributes to antitumor responses and may prevent disease progression. However, chronic immune stimulation can also induce cell stress, DNA damage and contribute to the pathogenesis of MDS.

Human Bone Marrow-Derived Myeloid Dendritic Cells Show an Immature Transcriptional and Functional Profile Compared to Their Peripheral Blood Counterparts and Separate from Slan+ Non-Classical Monocytes.

The human bone marrow (BM) gives rise to all distinct blood cell lineages, including CD1c+ (cDC2) and CD141+ (cDC1) myeloid dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes. These cell subsets are also present in peripheral blood (PB) and lymphoid tissues. However, the difference between the BM and PB compartment in terms of differentiation state and immunological role of DC is not yet known.

Transcriptional profiling reveals functional dichotomy between human slan non-classical monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells.

Human 6-sulfo LacNac-positive (slan) cells have been subject to a paradigm debate. They have previously been classified as a distinct dendritic cell (DC) subset. However, evidence has emerged that they may be more related to monocytes than to DCs.