Deciphering Pharmacological Targets of Plumbagin in Cisplatin-resistant Ovarian Cancer Model using in vitro and in silico Approaches.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a malignancy of the female reproductive system for which cisplatin chemotherapy is one of the first-line treatments. Despite the initial response to chemotherapy, such patients eventually develop resistance, which poses a major obstacle to treatment, along with potential side effects. Phytochemicals function as chemosensitizers, offering novel therapies in OC patients by targeting drug resistance, and are perceived to be less toxic.

Estimating Anticancer Effects of Yohimbine in DMBA-Induced Oral Carcinogenesis Hamster Model: Utilizing Biochemical and Immunohistochemical Techniques.

Yohimbine is a potent bioactive indole alkaloid, isolated from a variety of biological sources and has long been used as a natural stimulant and aphrodisiac, particularly to treat erectile dysfunction. However, some literature also points toward its anticancer effect in different experimental models. The current study aimed to address a clinical concern on the therapeutic utilization of yohimbine as a repurposed drug.

Synthesis and Neurobehavioral Evaluation of a Potent Multitargeted Inhibitor for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant health challenge worldwide, affecting millions of individuals, and projected to increase further as the global population ages. Current pharmacological interventions primarily target acetylcholine deficiency and amyloid plaque formation, but offer limited efficacy and are often associated with adverse effects. Given the multifactorial nature of AD, there is a critical need for novel therapeutic approaches that simultaneously target multiple pathological pathways.

Screening of Cu O NPs efficacy and its anticancer potential against cervical cancer.

Cu O is the least explored copper oxide, and its nanoformulation is anticipated to have important therapeutic potential especially against cancer. The current study aimed to biosynthesize Cu O nanoparticles (NPs) using an aqueous extract of pumpkin seeds and evaluate its antiproliferative efficacy against cervical cells after screening on different cancer cell lines. The obtained NPs were characterized by different spectroscopic analyses, such as UV-vis, thermogravimetric, energy dispersive X-ray, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Phenolic Acids-Mediated Regulation of Molecular Targets in Ovarian Cancer: Current Understanding and Future Perspectives.

Cancer is a global health concern with a dynamic rise in occurrence and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Among different types of cancer, ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most diagnosed malignant tumor, while among the gynecological malignancies, it ranks third after cervical and uterine cancer and sadly bears the highest mortality and worst prognosis. First-line treatments have included a variety of cytotoxic and synthetic chemotherapeutic medicines, but they have not been particularly effective in extending OC patients' lives and are associated with side effects, recurrence risk, and drug resistance.

Biogenic Synthesis of Cu-Mn Bimetallic Nanoparticles Using Pumpkin Seeds Extract and Their Characterization and Anticancer Efficacy.

Background: Cancer is a chronic, heterogeneous illness that progresses through a spectrum of devastating clinical manifestations and remains the 2nd leading contributor to global mortality. Current cancer therapeutics display various drawbacks that result in inefficient management. The present study is intended to evaluate the anticancer potential of Cu-Mn bimetallic NPs (CMBNPs) synthesized from pumpkin seed extract against colon adenocarcinoma cancer cell line (HT-29).

Potential of green-synthesized ZnO NPs against human ovarian teratocarcinoma: an in vitro study.

Background: Ovarian cancer leads to devastating outcomes, and its treatment is highly challenging. At present, there is a lack of clinical symptoms, well-known sensitivity biomarkers, and patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Currently, available therapeutics against ovarian cancer are inefficient, costly, and associated with severe side effects.

Prioritization of bioactive compounds envisaging yohimbine as a multi targeted anticancer agent: insight from molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation.

Recently, multi-targeted drugs have attracted much attention in cancer therapy where several therapeutic proteins are targeted by a single agent. Using the published scientific literature, we selected sixteen well-known anticancer targets and seven potential phytobioactive chemicals to find a multitargeted compound by screening through molecular docking. The feasible protein-ligand interaction was further predicted by protein-ligand interaction analysis and molecular dynamic simulation.

A literature perspective on the pharmacological applications of yohimbine.

Phytochemicals have garnered much attention because they are useful in managing several human diseases. Yohimbine is one such phytochemical with significant pharmacological potential and could be exploited for research by medicinal chemists. It is an indole alkaloid obtained from various natural/synthetic sources.

Anticancer potential of yohimbine in drug-resistant oral cancer KB-ChR-8-5 cells.

Background: The demand for environmentally friendly and cost-effective plant-based products for the development of cancer therapeutics has been increasing. Yohimbine (α-adrenergic receptor antagonist) is a stimulant and aphrodisiac used to improve erectile dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of yohimbine in drug-resistant oral cancer KB-ChR-8-5 cells using different biomolecular techniques.

Association of IL-6 promoter polymorphism hotspots (- 174G/C and - 572G/C) with cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally, despite the recent advancements in clinical research. Early diagnosis of CVD and prevention of future complications are important for the management of CVD. In the present study, we determined the genotypic linkage of interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoters with the clinical, biochemical, and inflammatory markers of CVD in the Saudi population.

Concatenation of molecular docking and molecular simulation of BACE-1, γ-secretase targeted ligands: in pursuit of Alzheimer's treatment.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most predominant cause of dementia, has evolved tremendously with an escalating frequency, mainly affecting the elderly population. An effective means of delaying, preventing, or treating AD is yet to be achieved. The failure rate of dementia drug trials has been relatively higher than in other disease-related clinical trials.

Genotyping of interleukins-18 promoters and their correlation with coronary artery stenosis in Saudi population.

Background: Complex coronary atherosclerotic lesions often lead to coronary occlusion, clinically represented as a single-vessel disease (SVD) and multivessel disease (MVD). These occlusions could hinder the blood flow in coronary arteries that affects appropriate management of the CVD. The current study intended to genotype interleukin (IL)-18 promoter's hotspots (rs187238, rs1946518, and rs1946519) and their possible association with coronary artery stenosis.

Identification of novel cardiovascular disease associated metabolites using untargeted metabolomics.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Early diagnosis of CVD could provide the opportunity for sensible management and better clinical outcome along with the prevention of further progression of the disease. In the current study, we used an untargeted metabolomic approach to identify possible metabolite(s) that associate well with the CVD and could serve either as therapeutic target or disease-associated metabolite.

Identification of Butyrylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase B Targeted Ligands and their Putative Application in Alzheimer's Treatment: A Computational Strategy.

Background: With the burgeoning worldwide aging population, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its associated disorders is continuously rising. To appraise other relevant drug targets that could lead to potent enzyme targeting, 13 previously predicted ligands (shown favorable binding with AChE (acetylcholinesterase) and GSK-3 (glycogen synthase kinase) were screened for targeting 3 different enzymes, namely butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) to possibly meet the unmet medical need of better AD treatment.

Materials And Methods: The study utilized in silico screening of 13 ligands against BChE, MAO-A and MAOB using PyRx-Python prescription 0.

In silico screening of glycogen synthase kinase-3β targeted ligands against acetylcholinesterase and its probable relevance to Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing global health concern that affects 10% of the population aged above 65 years. A growing body of evidence indicates that multi-targeted drugs might be useful therapeutic options owing to the heterogeneity of AD pathology. The current study exploited advanced computational biology tools to identify ligands that might display effective binding to two protein targets in the context of AD.

Nanoencapsulated dietary polyphenols for cancer prevention and treatment: successes and challenges.

Many dietary polyphenols have been investigated for their therapeutic potential either as single agents or in combinations. Despite the significant anticancer potential of these polyphenols in cell culture and  animal models, their clinical applications have been limited because of challenges such as ineffective systemic delivery, stability and low bioavailability. Nanoencapsulation of these polyphenols could prolong circulation, improve localization, enhance efficacy and reduce the chances of multidrug resistance.

Association of autoimmunity and cancer: An emphasis on proteolytic enzymes.

Cancer and autoimmune diseases are the two devastating conditions that together constitute a leading health problem worldwide. The rising burden of these disorders in the developing world demands a multifaceted approach to address the challenges it poses. Understanding the root causes and specific molecular mechanisms by which the progression of the diseases takes place is need of the hour.

The role of mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder. Recent reports suggest that it affects more than 36 million people worldwide and accounts 60-80% of all cases of dementia. It is characterised by aberrations of multiple interactive systems and pathways, which ultimately lead to memory loss and cognitive dysfunction.

Effect of Diets, Familial History, and Alternative Therapies on Genomic Instability of Breast Cancer Patients.

This study evaluates a correlation between family history, micronutrients intake, and alternative therapies with genetic instability, before and during breast cancer treatment. For this study, a total of 150 women were selected. Among those, 50 women were breast cancer patients on chemotherapy, while 50 breast cancer patients were on radiotherapy, and 50 were healthy females.

Effect of Diterpenes on Hepatic System.

Complication in the hepatic system is a major concern for human being. To control and keep the hepatic system healthy, a number of measures, including drug treatments are considered. Diterpenes are essential oils having promising antioxidant and cytotoxic properties along with their genotoxic and mutagenic effects.

Cholinesterase targeting by polyphenols: A therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive irreversible neurodegenerative disorder characterized by excessive deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), comprising of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. The cholinergic system has been suggested as the earliest and most affected molecular mechanism that describes AD pathophysiology. Moreover, cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are the potential class of drugs that can amplify cholinergic activity to improve cognition and global performance and reduce psychiatric and behavioral disturbances.

An Insight into the Therapeutic Potential of Major Coffee Components.

Background: The popular drink, coffee (Coffea arabica) is under the great attention of late because of its promising pharmacological potential. Caffeine (the major constituent of coffee) is known for its prominent psychoactive impact. This review aims at highlighting the therapeutic potentials of caffeine and other five coffee components viz.

An overview on the current status of cancer nanomedicines.

Purpose: Cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. A recent report suggests around 14.1 million new cases and 8.