Endometriosis and menopausal health: An EMAS clinical guide.

Introduction: Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition, and problems may persist or develop after the menopause. Endometriosis or its treatment in premenopausal women may lead to premature or early menopause. Thus, it is imperative that healthcare providers are appropriately trained in management of endometriosis at the menopause and beyond.

Giant Cell Arteritis Refractory to Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-17 Inhibition Treated With Upadacitinib.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a granulomatous vasculitis that can involve both cranial and extracranial vessels. Although interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor blockade is an established therapy, treatment options for medically refractory disease remain limited. We report a unique case of extracranial GCA refractory to glucocorticoids, azathioprine, tocilizumab (IL-6 inhibitor), and secukinumab (IL-17A inhibitor) that responded robustly to upadacitinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor.

Immunity Against Induced by DAR-901 and BCG.

The prevalence of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is increasing in Europe and North America. Most pulmonary NTM cases are caused by complex (MAC). The treatment of pulmonary MAC is suboptimal with failure rates ranging from 30% to 40% and there is a need to develop new vaccines.

Comparison of lipooligosaccharides from human challenge strains of .

The alarming rise of antibiotic resistance and the emergence of new vaccine technologies have increased the focus on vaccination to control gonorrhea. strains FA1090 and MS11 have been used in challenge studies in human males. We used negative-ion MALDI-TOF MS to profile intact lipooligosaccharide (LOS) from strains MS11mkA, MS11mkC, FA1090 A23a, and FA1090 1-81-S2.

Ibrexafungerp for the Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Design, Development and Place in Therapy.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is experienced by an estimated 75% of women at least once in their lifetime and is recurrent, defined as three or more infections per year (RVVC) in 5-9%. Candida albicans is the most common causative agent, but up to 19% of infections may be related to non-albicans species. Available treatment options for VVC have consisted of oral and topical azoles (except for topical nystatin, a polyene).

Capture, Release, and Identification of Newly Synthesized Proteins for Improved Profiling of Functional Translatomes.

New protein synthesis is regulated both at the level of mRNA transcription and translation. RNA-Seq is effective at measuring levels of mRNA expression, but techniques to monitor mRNA translation are much more limited. Previously, we reported results from O-propargyl-puromycin (OPP) labeling of proteins undergoing active translation in a 2-h time frame, followed by biotinylation using click chemistry, affinity purification, and on-bead digestion to identify nascent proteins by mass spectrometry (OPP-ID).

Regulation of eIF4E guides a unique translational program to control erythroid maturation.

Translation control is essential in balancing hematopoietic precursors and differentiation; however, the mechanisms underlying this program are poorly understood. We found that the activity of the major cap-binding protein eIF4E is unexpectedly regulated in a dynamic manner throughout erythropoiesis that is uncoupled from global protein synthesis rates. Moreover, eIF4E activity directs erythroid maturation, and increased eIF4E expression maintains cells in an early erythroid state associated with a translation program driving the expression of PTPN6 and Igf2bp1.

Topical Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: An Expert Consensus.

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC), defined as three or more confirmed infections over 1 year, occurs in up to 10% of women. In these women, the objective is often symptomatic control rather than mycologic cure. Current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines recommend oral fluconazole as first-line maintenance, but state if this oral regimen is not feasible, intermittent topical treatments can be considered.

Management of postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy: recommendations of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease.

Objective: To develop a best practice document for the management of postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA).

Method: Literature review carried out using clinical terms, treatments or interventions and comorbidity related to VVA.

Results: There is a wide variety of interventions that may produce temporal benefits for VVA.

Clinical manifestations and evaluation of postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy.

Introduction: It is estimated that 50% of women will suffer a severe form of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) related to menopause. Equally, young women may temporarily present this clinical problem while receiving various pharmacological or endocrine treatments or radiotherapy.

Aim: To determine clinical and diagnostic exams required to confirm the presence of VVA (also referred to as atrophic vaginitis, urogenital atrophy, or genitourinary syndrome of menopause) and rule out other genital or pelvic clinical conditions.

The genitourinary syndrome of menopause.

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) refers to a collection of symptoms resulting from diminished hormonal, primarily estrogenic stimulation to the vulvovaginal or lower urinary tract and may affect up to 50% of postmenopausal women. Symptoms, which are typically progressive and unlikely to resolve spontaneously, may include, but are not limited to, vulvovaginal dryness, burning or irritation, dyspareunia, or urinary symptoms of urgency, dysuria or recurrent urinary tract infection. These symptoms are typically progressive and unlikely to resolve spontaneously.

Efficacy of a Lactobacillus-Based Teat Spray on Udder Health in Lactating Dairy Cows.

Teat disinfection is a common pre- and post-milking mastitis prevention practice that is part of a mastitis control program in dairy herds. Commercially available teat disinfectants are generally chemical-based products. The use of these products has occasionally raised concerns about the risk of chemical residues in milk.

Predominant phosphorylation patterns in lipid A determined by top-down MS/MS.

Among the virulence factors in infections, a major inducer of inflammatory cytokines is the lipooligosaccharide (LOS). The activation of NF-κB via extracellular binding of LOS or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the toll-like receptor 4 and its coreceptor, MD-2, results in production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that initiate adaptive immune responses. LOS can also be absorbed by cells and activate intracellular inflammasomes, causing the release of inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis.

Establishment of a Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumor From Hepatitis C-Associated Liver Cancer and Evaluation of Imatinib Treatment Efficacy.

Background And Aims: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major causal factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The treatment options for HCC are limited for lack of a convenient animal model for study in HCV infection and liver pathogenesis. This study aimed to develop a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor in mice by using a tumor from a patient with HCV-associated HCC and evaluating this model's therapeutic potential.

The diagnosis of premenstrual mood disorders: Do we have it backwards?

•Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is experienced by between 1.2 and 10% of women•The Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) is recommended to diagnose PMDD•Often PMDD is diagnosed based on history and clinical impression•DSRP might be useful for tracking response to treatment, as much as for diagnosis.

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome: An Update and Review of Extraintestinal Manifestations.

Context.—: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a rare genetic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance, defined by numerous adenomatous polyps, which inevitably progress to colorectal carcinoma unless detected and managed early. Greater than 70% of patients with this syndrome also develop extraintestinal manifestations, such as multiple osteomas, dental abnormalities, and a variety of other lesions located throughout the body.

The Prevalence and Payer Costs of Potentially Avoidable Emergent Care Visits for Suspected Amniotic Membrane Rupture in Pregnant Women.

Background: Concern over amniotic fluid leakage is common among pregnant women. Uncertainty about prelabor rupture of amniotic membranes (PROM) can lead women to present to emergency departments or to labor and delivery units for medical evaluation. Many of such visits do not result in delivery, yet they carry significant, and potentially unnecessary, healthcare expenditures.

Effect of gabapentin on sexual function in vulvodynia: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Sexual dysfunction is common in women with vulvodynia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was (1) to evaluate whether extended-release gabapentin is more effective than placebo in improving sexual function in women with provoked vulvodynia and whether there is a relationship between treatment outcome and pelvic pain muscle severity that is evaluated by palpation with standardized applied pressure and (2) to evaluate whether sexual function in women with provoked vulvodynia would approach that of control subjects who report no vulvar pain either before or after treatment.

Study Design: As a secondary outcome in a multicenter double-blind, randomized crossover trial, sexual function that was measured by the Female Sexual Function Index was evaluated with gabapentin (1200-3000 mg/d) compared with placebo.