Dietary guidance on plant-based meat alternatives for individuals wanting to increase plant protein intake.

A new generation of plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) has entered the mainstream. These products contain concentrated sources of plant protein and are formulated to mimic the taste and texture of their meat-based counterparts, especially red meat. The increased availability of these products coincides with calls from health agencies to increase the dietary plant-to-animal protein ratio for health and environmental reasons.

Vegetarian Dietary Patterns for Adults: A Position Paper of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that, in adults, appropriately planned vegetarian and vegan dietary patterns can be nutritionally adequate and can offer long-term health benefits such as improving several health outcomes associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Vegetarian dietary patterns exclude meat, poultry, and seafood, and vegan dietary patterns exclude all foods of animal origin. Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) and nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered (NDTRs) play a pivotal role in providing meal-planning strategies and evidence-based nutrition information to clients currently following vegetarian or vegan dietary patterns or who may benefit from and express interest in following vegetarian or vegan dietary patterns.

Vegetarian dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors and disease prevention: An umbrella review of systematic reviews.

Background: Diet significantly influences the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the United States. As vegetarian dietary patterns are increasingly being included within clinical practice guidelines, there is a need to review the most recent evidence regarding if and how these dietary patterns mitigate CVD risk.

Objective: This umbrella review of systematic reviews compared the relationships between vegetarian, vegan and non-vegetarian dietary patterns and CVD health outcomes and risk factors among presumably healthy adults (≥18 years) in the general population.

Caffeine, genetic variation and anaerobic performance in male athletes: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: The effect of caffeine on anaerobic performance is unclear and may differ depending on an individual's genetics. The goal of this study was to determine whether caffeine influences anaerobic performance in a 30 s Wingate test, and if 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine genes, associated with caffeine metabolism or response, modify caffeine's effects.

Methods: Competitive male athletes (N = 100; 25 ± 4 years) completed the Wingate under three conditions: 0, 2, or 4 mg of caffeine per kg of body mass (mg kg), using a double-blinded, placebo-controlled design.

CYP1A2 Genotype Modifies the Effects of Caffeine Compared With Placebo on Muscle Strength in Competitive Male Athletes.

Caffeine is commonly used to improve athletic performance across a variety of sports. Previously, the CYP1A2 gene has been shown to modify the effects of caffeine on endurance performance. The effect of caffeine on strength and power activities is unclear and may differ depending on an individual's CYP1A2 genotype.

HFE Genotype and Endurance Performance in Competitive Male Athletes.

Introduction: Hereditary hemochromatosis can cause individuals to absorb too much iron from their diet. Higher tissue iron content, below the threshold of toxicity, may enhance oxygen carrying capacity and offer a competitive advantage. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the homeostatic iron regulator (HFE) gene have been shown to modify iron metabolism and can be used to predict an individual's risk of hemochromatosis.

International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance.

Following critical evaluation of the available literature to date, The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) position regarding caffeine intake is as follows: 1. Supplementation with caffeine has been shown to acutely enhance various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Small to moderate benefits of caffeine use include, but are not limited to: muscular endurance, movement velocity and muscular strength, sprinting, jumping, and throwing performance, as well as a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic sport-specific actions.

Effect of Caffeine on Endurance Performance in Athletes May Depend on HTR2A and CYP1A2 Genotypes.

Guest, NS, Corey, P, Tyrrell, PN, and El-Sohemy, A. Effect of caffeine on endurance performance in athletes may depend on HTR2A and CYP1A2 genotypes. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2486-2492, 2022-This investigation determined whether variation in the HTR2A (serotonin receptor) gene modifies the ergogenic effects of caffeine on endurance and further modifies performance by the CYP1A2 genotype.

Sport Nutrigenomics: Personalized Nutrition for Athletic Performance.

An individual's dietary and supplement strategies can influence markedly their physical performance. Personalized nutrition in athletic populations aims to optimize health, body composition, and exercise performance by targeting dietary recommendations to an individual's genetic profile. Sport dietitians and nutritionists have long been adept at placing additional scrutiny on the one-size-fits-all general population dietary guidelines to accommodate various sporting populations.

Cognitive dietary restraint is associated with stress fractures in women runners.

High levels of cognitive dietary restraint (CDR) have been associated with subclinical menstrual cycle irregularities and increased cortisol levels, both of which can affect bone mineral density (BMD). Low BMD has been implicated in stress fracture risk. We assessed CDR in female runners (> or = 20 km/wk) with a recent stress fracture (SF) and with no stress fracture history (NSF).