Effect of ultrasonic homogenization on crude oil-water emulsion stability.

This research aims to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic processing parameters (power and sonication time), emulsion characteristics (water salinity and pH) and their interaction on oil-in-water emulsion stability for Cold Lake Blend (CLB) crude oil. Response surface methodology was used to design experimental runs, in which the parameters were investigated at five levels. Emulsion stability was evaluated by measuring creaming index, emulsion turbidity and microscopic image analysis.

Investigation of Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate in Demulsifying Crude Oil-in-Water Emulsions.

This research investigated the performance of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS), a double-chain anionic surfactant, in breaking crude oil-in-water emulsions. The response surface methodology was used to consider the effect of the DSS concentration, oil concentration, and shaking time on demulsification efficiency and obtain optimum demulsification conditions. Further single-factor experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of salinity, crude oil conditions (fresh and weathered), and gravity separation settling time.

Application of Ionic Liquids for Chemical Demulsification: A Review.

In recent years, ionic liquids have received increasing interests as an effective demulsifier due to their characteristics of non-flammability, thermal stability, recyclability, and low vapor pressure. In this study, emulsion formation and types, chemical demulsification system, the application of ionic liquids as a chemical demulsifier, and key factors affecting their performance were comprehensively reviewed. Future challenges and opportunities of ionic liquids application for chemical demulsification were also discussed.

Comparison of photo-Fenton, O/HO/UV and photocatalytic processes for the treatment of gray water.

This research was carried out to compare and optimize the gray water treatment performance by the photo-Fenton, photocatalysis and ozone/HO/UV processes. Experimental design and optimization were carried out using Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology. The results of experiments showed that the most effective and influencing factors in photo-Fenton process were HO/Fe ratio, in ozone/HO/UV experiment were O concentration, HO concentration, reaction time and pH and in photocatalytic process were TiO concentration, pH and reaction time.