Risk of genitourinary tract infections with SGLT-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and disproportionality analysis using FAERS.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) via increased urinary glucose excretion; however, their use is associated with an elevated risk of genitourinary infections. This study aims to evaluate this risk by synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and characterizing clinical features using data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed and Embase up to June 2024 for RCTs reporting genital mycotic infection (GMI) and urinary tract infection (UTI) events associated with SGLT-2is.

Development and Psychometric Validation of Nu-KAP Questionnaire: Integrating IRT and Multigroup Factor Analysis in a Multidimensional Tool for the Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Arsenic.

The United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) has repeatedly spotlighted the assessment of psychometric parameters, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of arsenic among arsenic-endemic communities as one of the strategies to tackle arsenic toxicity. In response, as one of the first attempts, we had previously developed the Nu-KAP questionnaire, which exhibited robust structural reliability and construct validity. This study aims to further validate this tool by assessing difficulty, discrimination, and invariance of Nu-KAPQ using item response theory (IRT) and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA).

Safety Profile of Istradefylline in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Disproportionality Analysis Using FAERS.

BackgroundIstradefylline, a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, is used as an adjunct therapy to levodopa to improve motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, particularly those experiencing wearing-off phenomena. This study integrates safety data on istradefylline for the treatment of PD from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).MethodsWe performed a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, MEDLINE, and ClinicalTrials.

Comparative efficacy and safety of alpha-blockers as monotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Despite the availability of various drugs for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), alpha(α)-blockers are the preferred first-line treatment. However, there remains a scarcity of direct comparisons among various α-blockers. Therefore, this network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of α-blockers in the management of BPH.

Comprehensive safety profile of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: a post-marketing study based on FAERS database using signal detection algorithms.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors) have acquired a foothold in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, but few concerns have arisen regarding their overall safety profile. The aim of this study is to assess the potential risk of DPP-4 inhibitors by analyzing data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Research Design And Methods: This is a retrospective study which explored the FAERS database till March 2023 for the collection of safety reports.

Venetoclax adverse event monitoring: a safety meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and a retrospective evaluation of the FAERS.

Concerns persist about venetoclax's long-term safety in larger populations, with limited evidence of infrequent and delayed adverse events (AEs). The study integrated safety data on venetoclax in leukemia patients from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and FDA adverse event monitoring system (FAERS). We systematically reviewed RCTs reporting safety outcomes of venetoclax in adult leukemia patients of any gender, either monotherapy or in combination, applying advanced search on databases like PubMed, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrial.

Identifying Risk Factors and Health Concerns Associated With Chronic Low Back Pain Among Northern Indians: A Community-based Study.

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common and significant cause of disability globally. In their lifetime, 70% to 80% of adults will have low back discomfort at some point. Even though CLBP is a very disabling disorder, information about its prevalence and associated factors is sparse in the literature.

The Possible Role of Selected Vitamins and Minerals in the Therapeutic Outcomes of Leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease declared as an endemic in areas suffering from severe malnutrition and poverty. The factors associated with poverty like low income, ecological factors, and malnutrition cause disruption in immunity and host defense increasing risk of infection. Altered resistance to infection and host susceptibility are associated with low micronutrient levels in undernourished patients.