Promoting Equity in Public Health: Addressing Inequality and Social Disparities.

Background: Health inequalities remain a global issue, deeply rooted in social, economic, and environmental determinants that shape health outcomes. This editorial examines these disparities and critiques the World Health Organization's (WHO) health definition to address the historical and systemic injustices that perpetuate health inequities.

Methods: This paper synthesizes research and expert perspectives on the fundamental causes of health inequities, focusing on social determinants such as income inequality, environmental hazards, and systemic discrimination.

Meta-Analysis on the Impact of Inflammatory Rheumatological Conditions on Outcomes Following Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Inflammatory rheumatological conditions, also known as inflammatory rheumatic conditions (IRC), constitute a category of autoimmune and inflammatory ailments primarily affecting the musculoskeletal system, encompassing the joints, muscles, and connective tissues. The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of inflammatory rheumatological conditions (IRC) on post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) outcomes. This study was performed as per the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Rotational effect of a cylinder on hydro-thermal characteristics in a partially heated square enclosure using CNT-water nanofluid.

Rotating cylinder movement in a cavity flow is an exciting field of study in heat transfer. Considerable research has been carried out on rotating cylinders under MHD mixed convection in various types of enclosures. However, considering partially heated square enclosure and magnetic field using CNT-water nanofluid is very limited.

Predictors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) refers to the abrupt stoppage of the heart's mechanical activity, primarily triggered by coronary artery disease. OHCA represents a significant global cause of death. The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of OHCA in patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Child drowning and associated risk factors: Findings from a qualitative study in Bangladesh.

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) has classified drowning as a major public health problem. The most vulnerable victims of drowning are children from low and middle-income countries. Previously, it was the primary cause of death among children aged between 1 and 17 years in Bangladesh.

Progeny Transfer Effects of Chitosan-Coated Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles.

Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNs) are promising materials for their enticing properties for different biomedical applications, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast, drug carriers, biosensors, and many more. In our previous study, a chitosan-coated CFN (CCN) nanocomplex demonstrated potential as an MRI contrast dye by improving the biocompatibility of CFN. In this study, we report the progeny transfer effects of CCN following a single intravenous injection of CCN (20, 40, or 60 mg/kg) in pregnant albino Wistar rats.

Status of psychological health of students following the extended university closure in Bangladesh: Results from a web-based cross-sectional study.

Students' severe affective mental distress has emerged as significant public health attention globally because of the disastrous effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The current study aimed at exploring the prevalence of two alarming psychological distresses, depression and anxiety, among university students following a prolonged shutdown of educational institutions in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional online-based study was conducted by deploying two standard scales to assess the depression and anxiety among Bangladeshi students from various universities amid the 2nd stream of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The trend in exclusive breastfeeding practice and its association with maternal employment in Bangladesh: A multilevel analysis.

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is essential for infant and child health. This study aimed to explore the trend in the EBF over the last decade in Bangladesh and investigated if there was a significant association with maternal employment by analyzing the data extracted from three consecutive nationally representative surveys: Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) of 2011, 2014, and 2017-2018. Prevalence of EBF (95% confidence interval) with the Cochran-Armitage test was reported to see the trend in EBF.

Paradigm shifting of education system during COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study on education components.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a far-reaching effect on the education system, leading to some changes in the conventional education system. Educational institutions are adopting alternative methods to adapt to the changed situation. The purpose of this study is to explore the changes that have taken place in the education system due to the pandemic situation.

Semantic Web in Healthcare: A Systematic Literature Review of Application, Research Gap, and Future Research Avenues.

Today, healthcare has become one of the largest and most fast-paced industries due to the rapid development of digital healthcare technologies. The fundamental thing to enhance healthcare services is communicating and linking massive volumes of available healthcare data. However, the key challenge in reaching this ambitious goal is letting the information exchange across heterogeneous sources and methods as well as establishing efficient tools and techniques.

Benefits of global mutant huntingtin lowering diminish over time in a Huntington's disease mouse model.

We have developed an inducible Huntington's disease (HD) mouse model that allows temporal control of whole-body allele-specific mutant huntingtin (mHtt) expression. We asked whether moderate global lowering of mHtt (~50%) was sufficient for long-term amelioration of HD-related deficits and, if so, whether early mHtt lowering (before measurable deficits) was required. Both early and late mHtt lowering delayed behavioral dysfunction and mHTT protein aggregation, as measured biochemically.

Discrimination and social exclusion of third-gender population (Hijra) in Bangladesh: A brief review.

The Hijra community is marginalized in social, political, and economic life and especially stigmatized in society. It is their birthright to make use of society's opportunities and amenities. This overview aimed to summarize the stigma, prejudice, exclusions, and discriminatory attitudes toward third-gender populations (Hijra) in Bangladesh from the mainstream society based on a critical assessment of available data and evidence.

Child drownings in Bangladesh: need for action.

Drowning is one of the major public health concerns, and children are the most vulnerable victims of drowning death in Bangladesh, which has been a paramount threat to child survival. Based on available data, we intend to underline the prevalence and associated risk factors for child drowning deaths in Bangladesh. According to the Center for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh, about 19 000 people of all ages drown per year across the country, where approximately 77% are children (<18 years), which means that over 40 Bangladeshi children drown per day.

Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized using Extract.

Nanotherapeutics has emerged as the most sought after approach to tackle the menace of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Among others, biogenic silver nanoparticles (bAgNPs) synthesized using medicinal plant extracts demonstrate promising antibacterial propensity with excellent biocompatibility. Herein, bAgNPs were synthesized through the green chemistry approach using leaf extract as a reducing agent at different pH values (i.

Subchronic Toxicity Study of Alternanthera philoxeroides in Swiss Albino Mice Having Antioxidant and Anticoagulant Activities.

, a tropical herb and edible vegetable, has been popular as a medicinal plant. Applying approach, we initially attempted to assess the phytochemicals, bioactive chemicals, as well as antioxidant and anticoagulant activities of this plant. Following that, the toxicological effects of methanolic extracts of using different doses on the kidney, heart, lung, liver, stomach, brain, and blood of female Swiss Albino mice were investigated.

Impact of Prolonged COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Mass Index, Eating Habits, and Physical Activity of University Students in Bangladesh: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: This current study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with body mass index (BMI), dietary patterns, and the extent of physical activities among university students following the prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in Bangladesh.

Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted between July 10 to August 10, 2021, through a pre-designed Google Form to collect the data from Bangladeshi university students (age: ≥18 years). Informed consent was electronically obtained from each participant, and a simple snowball technique was employed during the sampling.

Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan-Polyethylene Glycol (Ch-Peg) Based Hydrogels and Evaluation of Their Potency in Rat Skin Wound Model.

Thermal burns are a major cause of death and suffering around the globe. They can cause debilitating, life-altering injuries as well as lead to significant psychological and financial consequences. Several research works have been conducted in attempt to find a wound healing therapy that is successful.

Neurocognitive status and risk of mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus: an 18-year retrospective cohort study.

HIV-related neurocognitive impairment (NCI) may increase the risk of death. However, a survival disadvantage for patients with NCI has not been well studied in the post-combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era. Specifically, limited research has been conducted considering the reversible nature and variable progression of the impairment and this area demands further evaluation.

The impact of stereotactic body radiation therapy on the overall survival of patients diagnosed with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Background And Purpose: Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a standard treatment for inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with remarkable local control. However, it is not clear if this local control translates to overall survival (OS). The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of SBRT on the OS of early-stage NSCLC patients and examine if the extent of this impact changes with the era of diagnosis, T stage, age, and comorbidity status.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy mitigates radiation induced lymphopenia in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiation in multiple organ sites. Development of RIL portends poor prognosis. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) spares RIL in pancreatic cancer, but has not been examined in other sites commonly treated with SBRT.

Synthesis of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Using and Investigation of Their Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility.

Among metallic nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a wide spectrum of medical applications. Herein, biogenic silver nanoparticles (bAgNPs) were prepared from extracts of leaf as a reducing agent at different pH values (., 5, 7, 8, and 10).

The different elements of the Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) Classification System and their capacity to predict findings on mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) diuretic renography.

Introduction: The UTD Classification System risk stratifies postnatal UTD into three groups: low risk (UTD P1), intermediate risk (UTD P2), and high risk (UTD P3). In the original consensus document, a functional scan is not recommended for UTD P1 and is left to the discretion of the clinician for UTD P2 and P3.

Objective: This study aims to understand which patients with postnatal urinary tract dilation would benefit from a functional study.

The impact of immunotherapy on the survival of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients who do not receive definitive surgery of the tumor.

Background And Purpose: Immunotherapy has shown great efficacy in many cancers, but its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of immunotherapy on the overall survival of PDAC patients who did not receive definitive surgery of the pancreatic primary tumor site using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Materials And Methods: Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who did not receive surgery were identified from NCDB.