Vitamin intake and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Malaysian adults.

Background: Vitamin deficiency could increase the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, this study aimed to determine the association between dietary vitamin intake and the prevalence of T2DM among the Malaysian adult population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 9,314 participants from Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study (PURE) conducted in Malaysia.

Dietary vitamin intake and its association with hypertension (HPT) among Malaysian adults.

This study aims to investigate the association between dietary vitamin (A, B, B, B, C, E, and K) intake and hypertension (HPT) among Malaysian adult population. This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a population-based cohort of 10,031 participants from the Malaysia arm of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Participants were classified as having HPT if they reported a diagnosis of high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 140/90).

Association between toxic heavy metals and noncancerous thyroid disease: a scoping review.

Background: Toxic heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) are known to be priority pollutants due to their high degrees of toxicity and widespread presence in the environment. This review aimed to explore the association between heavy metals and noncancerous thyroid diseases by synthesizing findings from observational and experimental studies. This review addressed a critical intersection of environmental health, endocrinology, and public health.

Exploring Prevalence and Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Smoking Among Malaysian Adults: A Cross- Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: The Malaysian government has implemented various antismoking measures to reduce the incidence of unhealthy lifestyles within the population. This study analyzes the baseline data of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study to establish the prevalence of sociodemographic factors that are associated with smoking habits among Malaysian adults.

Methods: This study was carried out in urban and rural communities with adults aged between 35 and 70 years using purposive sampling.

A systematic review on the level of risk perception of diabetes mellitus: The role of environmental factor.

Background: Risk perception plays important role in motivating preventive health behaviours. The objective of this systematic review was to explore the level of diabetes risk perception among individuals with and without apparent risk for diabetes, and to consider the effect of environmental factors on the level of diabetes risk perception.

Methods: This systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Urine manganese, cadmium, lead, arsenic, and selenium among autism spectrum disorder children in Kuala Lumpur.

Background: The development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may stem from exposure to environmental pollutants such as heavy metals. The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of heavy metals of concern such as manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and essential trace element selenium (Se) among ASD children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Method: A total of 155 preschoolers in Kuala Lumpur between the ages 3 to 6 participated in an unmatched case-control study, comprising ASD children ( = 81) recruited from an early intervention program for autism, and 74 children without autism who were recruited from public preschools.

Internet addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Associations with sociodemographic and psychological distress.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had tremendous implications for billions of adolescents worldwide due to school closures, forcing students to embrace internet usage for daily tasks. Uncontrolled use of the internet among adolescents makes them vulnerable to internet addiction (IA). This study aims to determine the prevalence of IA among adolescents and assess its association with sociodemographic factors, smartphone use, and psychological distress during the pandemic.

Dietary nutrient intake study among older adults: baseline Malaysian pure study.

Introduction: The older adults (OA) is vulnerable to malnutrition, which may affect their health and quality of life. This study assesses the prevalence of deficiencies in dietary nutrients among the Malaysian OA stratified by residency, genders, socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI).

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted, utilizing purposive sampling, recruiting 2,299 Malaysian people aged 60 years old and above who agreed to be interviewed via a comprehensive semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.

Environmental and Occupational Factors Associated with Leptospirosis: A Systematic Review.

Background: Leptospirosis is a neglected emerging zoonotic disease with a profound public health impact worldwide with higher burden of disease in resource-poor countries. The environmental and occupational exposures contribute to human and animal transmission, but the interaction was less explored. A deeper understanding of the critical environmental and occupational drivers in different contexts will provide useful information for disease control and prevention measures.

The Principles of Hearable Photoplethysmography Analysis and Applications in Physiological Monitoring-A Review.

Not long ago, hearables paved the way for biosensing, fitness, and healthcare monitoring. Smart earbuds today are not only producing sound but also monitoring vital signs. Reliable determination of cardiovascular and pulmonary system information can explore the use of hearables for physiological monitoring.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Prehypertension and Hypertension Among Adults: Baseline Findings of PURE Malaysia Cohort Study.

Background: Although prehypertension and hypertension can be detected at the primary healthcare level and low-cost treatments can effectively control its complications, hypertension is still the world's leading preventable risk factor. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine its prevalence and its risk factors among Malaysian adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 7585 adults was performed covering the rural and urban areas.

Assessment of indoor thermal comfort temperature and related behavioural adaptations: a systematic review.

Thermal comfort is linked to our health, well-being, and productivity. The thermal environment is one of the main factors that influence thermal comfort and, consequently, the productivity of occupants inside buildings. Meanwhile, behavioural adaptation is well known to be the most critical contributor to the adaptive thermal comfort model.

Urinary aluminium and its association with autism spectrum disorder in urban preschool children in Malaysia.

Background: The presence of aluminium (Al) in the human body may impact brain neurodevelopment and function, and it is thought to contribute to autism spectrum disease (ASD). The main objective of this study was to assess the association between urinary Al and the development of ASD among Malaysian preschool children in the urban city of Kuala Lumpur.

Method: This was an unmatched case-control study in which children with ASD were recruited from an autism early intervention center and typically developed (TD) children were recruited from government-run nurseries and preschools.

Prediction of Lung Function Status Using Handgrip Strength and Anthropometry among the Healthy Malay Population in Malaysia.

Lung function depends primarily on the strength of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm, which is indirectly related to handgrip strength (HGS). This study aims to determine the predictability of lung functions using HGS among healthy adults of Malay ethnicity in Malaysia. This study also aims to compare the equation using HGS with equations without HGS, such as the Global Lung Initiative (GLI).

Guidelines on the use of disinfectants: comparison between Malaysia and other countries.

Aim: Sanitation and cleanliness are essential factors in reducing the spread of pathogens and preventing healthcare-associated infections. Disinfectants are associated with better hygiene outcomes to reduce pathogen transmission risk and minimize risks to healthcare workers (HCWs) and patients.

Methods: A literature search was undertaken using the electronic databases Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid and Google Scholar.

Assessing Factors Associated with Non-Fatal Injuries from Road Traffic Accidents among Malaysian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the PURE Malaysia Study.

Unlabelled: Non-fatal injuries (NFIs) due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a public health problem worldwide that significantly impacts the population morbidity and healthcare costs. As the demands for vehicles in developing countries, such as Malaysia, is increasing annually, the present study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with NFIs due to RTAs among Malaysia's adult population.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 15,321 participants from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study conducted in Malaysia.

Meta-Analysis of the Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Colorectal Cancer.

The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was extensively used to examine the inflammatory potential of diet related to colorectal cancer (CRC). This meta-analysis aimed to update the evidence of the association between the DII and CRC across various culture-specific dietary patterns. Literature search was performed through online databases (, and ).

Prevalence of abnormal urinary cadmium and risk of albuminuria as a primary bioindicator for kidney problems among a healthy population.

Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is increasing globally, ranking 27th as the cause of death in the 1990s, rising to 18th in 2010 and 10th in 2019. Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and hypertension have been identified as the common contributing factors, while there is also evidence linking environmental pollutants, especially cadmium, to kidney disease. This study aimed at investigating the level of urinary cadmium and its relationship to albuminuria as an early indicator of kidney problems in the Kepong community.

Assessment of Urinary Lead (Pb) and Essential Trace Elements in Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Case-Control Study Among Preschool Children in Malaysia.

Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal which is abundant in the environment and known to cause neurotoxicity in children even at minute concentration. However, the trace elements calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) are essential to children due to its protective effect on neurodevelopment. The primary objective of this study was to assess the role of Pb and trace elements in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among preschool children.