Hesperetin and Isoliquiritigenin Attenuate the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy via Inhibition of NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathways in Type 2 Diabetic Rats.

Glucose toxicity associated with oxidant and inflammatory triggers causes diabetic nephropathy (DN), thus necessitating the investigation of potential therapeutic interventions. This study investigated the nephroprotective activities of hesperetin (HSP) and isoliquiritigenin (ISL) in diabetic rats. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) was generated in Wistar rats by feeding them a high-fat diet (HFD, ) and injecting intraperitoneally with a single dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg).

Bipartite 5-fluorouracil and lepidine-based nanoemulsion gel: and dermatokinetic evaluation.

Skin cancer is the most prevalent malignancy, with rising incidence and morbidity, particularly among the white population. This study aims to develop a dual drug-loaded nanoemulsion (NE) gel incorporating 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and lepidine (LPD) to enhance drug deposition in the stratum corneum and dermal layer for improved skin cancer therapy. Oil-in-water (o/w) NEs were prepared using peppermint oil, Tween 80 and PEG-400 via aqueous phase titration method and optimised through pseudo-ternary phase diagrams.

AI-driven point cloud framework for predicting solder joint reliability using 3D FEA data.

Crack propagation in solder joints remains a major challenge impacting the thermo-mechanical reliability of electronic devices, underscoring the importance of optimizing package and solder pad designs. Traditional Finite Element Analysis (FEA) techniques for predicting solder joint lifespan often rely on manual post-processing to identify high-risk regions for plastic strain accumulation. However, this manual process can fail to detect complex and subtle failure mechanisms and purely based on averaging the creep strain and correlating it to lifetime values collected from experiments using Coffin Manson equation.

NiO@rGO nanohybrids triggered cytotoxicity via oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis pathways.

NiO@rGO nanohybrids have received copious attention in nanomedicine, energy, and environmental research because of their superior physicochemical properties compared to either of their components alone. The increasing applications of NiO@rGO nanohybrids have elicited concerns regarding human and environmental health risks. A lot of research has been done on the toxicity of simple forms of nanoparticles (e.

Nanoemulsion of myricetin enhances its anti-tumor activity in nude mice of triple-negative breast cancer xenografts.

Purpose: Myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid exhibits good anti-cancer properties. However, its practical application is limited due to poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. To overcome these challenges, a nanoemulsion-based formulation of myricetin was developed and its anti-tumor efficacy was compared with Myricetin alone in TNBC xenografts.

Exploring the neuroprotective role of (Shatavari) in Alzheimer's disease: mechanisms, evidence, and future directions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, and pathological features such as amyloid-beta plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Current therapies do not adequately address the disease's fundamental causes, even while they provide symptomatic relief. (Shatavari), a traditional Ayurvedic medicinal herb, has drawn interest for its neuroprotective potential in the hunt for safer and multi-targeted substitutes.

Large common bile duct stone: a case report.

Choledocholithiasis, the presence of stones within the common bile duct (CBD), poses significant therapeutic challenges, especially when stones exceed 15 mm in diameter. Large CBD stones can lead to complications such as biliary obstruction, cholangitis, and pancreatitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the first-line treatment; however, surgical intervention may be required for refractory cases.

Development and Optimization of Piracetam and Shatavarin IV-Loaded Nanoemulsion for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy: In Silico and Experimental Analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge due to cognitive decline resulting from nerve cell degeneration. Shatavarin IV, a prominent bioactive compound from and Piracetam, has been investigated for its neuroprotective potential. This study examines the molecular docking, formulation, and characterization of a nanoemulsion containing Piracetam and Shatavarin IV for treating AD.

A Comprehensive Review of Lavandula stoechas L. (Ustukhuddus) Plant: Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and In Silico Studies.

Lavandula stoechas L., also referred to as French lavender or Spanish lavender, is a well-known medicinal plant with a strong presence in traditional medicine systems. This review provides an overview of the existing research progress on L.

Toxic Effects of Synthesized Bismuth Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide (BiO/RGO) Nanocomposites in Two Distinct Mammalian Cell Lines: Role Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.

Background: Researchers have shown substantial interest in bismuth oxide/reduced graphene oxide (BiO/RGO) nanocomposites due to their superior features that are not achievable by each material alone. The growing applications and manufacturing of BiO/RGO nanocomposites have raised concerns regarding their potential human health risks. This work was designed to explore the possible toxicity mechanisms of BiO/RGO nanocomposites in two distinct mammalian cell lines, normal rat kidney cells (NRK52E) and human liver cancer cells (HepG2).

Cardio-oncological dialogue: Understanding the mechanistic correlation between heart failure and cancer.

Aims: This review aims to elucidate the bidirectional relationship between heart failure and cancer by identifying their common and reciprocal risk factors. It seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic interactions between these two conditions, supported by evidence from preclinical and clinical investigations.

Materials And Methods: A thorough review of peer-reviewed articles was conducted to identify all possible interactions between cancer and heart failure.

Synergistic effects of selenium nanoparticles and LED light on enhancement of secondary metabolites in sandalwood () plants through callus culturing technique.

The yield and concentration of secondary metabolites (SMs) in plants can vary due to numerous challenges such as dynamic environmental conditions, moisture, soil quality, soil organic matter and plant genetics. To obtain a good yield of SMs novel elicitation approaches, such as the use of biotic and abiotic stressors, genetic modifications, and optimized growth conditions, have been practiced, particularly the use of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and light emitting diode (LED) interaction through employing tissue culture technique. In the present study, callus cultures of sandalwood ( L.

Silicon-Mediated Improvement in Drought and Salinity Stress Tolerance of Black Gram ( L.) by Modulating Growth, Physiological, Biochemical, and Root Attributes.

Water is a precious commodity for plant growth and metabolism; however, its scarcity and saline sand conditions have a drastic effect on plant growth and development. The main objective of the current study was to understand how silicon (Si) application might help Black gram ( L.) against the negative impacts of salt stress and drought.

Neuroprotective Effects of Sulforaphane in a rat model of Alzheimer's Disease induced by Aβ (1-42) peptides.

The intricate nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has presented significant hurdles in the development of effective interventions. Sulforaphane (SFN) is of interest due to its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, which could address various aspects of AD pathology. This study explores the potential of SFN in a rat model of AD induced by Aβ (1-42) peptides.

Amputation Risk in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Treated with SGLT-2 Inhibitors: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: SGLT-2 inhibitors, prescribed for type 2 diabetes, have a heightened risk of amputation. The FDA issued a warning in May 2017, leading to the inclusion of a cautionary label. Vigilance is essential for patients and healthcare providers to promptly identify and address potential limb complications associated with the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors.

Mechanisms of microbial resistance against cadmium - a review.

The escalating cadmium influx from industrial activities and anthropogenic sources has raised serious environmental concerns due to its toxic effects on ecosystems and human health. This review delves into the intricate mechanisms underlying microbial resistance to cadmium, shedding light on the multifaceted interplay between microorganisms and this hazardous heavy metal. Cadmium overexposure elicits severe health repercussions, including renal carcinoma, mucous membrane degradation, bone density loss, and kidney stone formation in humans.

Evaluation of Drug-Loaded and Surface-Adsorbed DNase/Tween-80 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles against Biofilms.

The aim of this study was to explore the suitability of Tween-80 or DNase I adsorbed onto the surface of gentamicin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to disrupt biofilms in vitro. We hypothesized that surface-adsorbed DNase I or Tween-80 of SLNs will degrade the biofilm component, extracellular DNA (e-DNA), and extracellular matrix (ECM) of biofilms. The SLNs loaded with drug (core) and surface-adsorbed disruptors (Tween-80 or DNase I) to deliver biofilm disruptors first at the site of action, which will help to break down the biofilm, and further drug release from the core will easily penetrate the biofilm and facilitate the killing of bacteria residing in biofilms.

Nanoemulsion potentiates the anti-cancer activity of Myricetin by effective inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous tumor with a poor prognosis and high metastatic potential, resulting in poor clinical outcomes, necessitating investigation to devise effective therapeutic strategies. Multiple studies have substantiated the anti-cancer properties of the naturally occurring flavonoid "Myricetin" in various malignancies. However, the therapeutic application of Myricetin is impeded by its poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability.

Curcumin Nanoemulsion: Unveiling Cardioprotective Effects via ACE Inhibition and Antioxidant Properties in Hypertensive Rats.

: Curcumin, derived from , is a well-known traditional medicinal compound recognized for its therapeutic attributes. Nevertheless, its efficacy is hampered by limited bioavailability, prompting researchers to explore the application of nanoemulsion as a potential alternative. : This study delves into the antihypertensive effects of curcumin nanoemulsion (SNEC) by targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and oxidative stress in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt-induced hypertensive rats.

BiO-Doped WO Nanoparticles Decorated on rGO Sheets: Simple Synthesis, Characterization, Photocatalytic Performance, and Selective Cytotoxicity toward Human Cancer Cells.

Graphene derivatives and metal oxide-based nanocomposites (NCs) are being studied for their diverse applications including gas sensing, environmental remediation, and biomedicine. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of rGO and BiO integration on photocatalytic and anticancer efficacy. A novel BiO-WO/rGO NCs was successfully prepared via the precipitation method.