Neurofilament light chain in Alzheimer's disease.

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a sensitive marker of neuroaxonal injury with growing clinical relevance in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Across cohorts, blood and CSF NfL concentrations are higher in AD than controls, with reported 1.7-1.

Rare phenotype of juxtaepiphyseal osteochondroma of the proximal phalanx and its management: A case report.

Background: Osteochondroma of the hand and phalanges is rare. Although rare, solitary phalangeal osteochondromas can result in pain, cosmetic deformity, compression of nearby neurovascular structures and tendons, or functional limitation of adjacent joints that warrant surgical correction when symptomatic. At times, involvement of the growth plate by juxtaepiphyseal exostosis can cause angulation deformity, necessitating corrective osteotomy.

Bcl-2 binding component 3 (BBC3) as a precision biomarker in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent carcinoma in women globally, and the identification of sensitive and specific serum biomarkers is important for its early detection, monitoring, and prognosis. Bcl-2 binding component 3 (BBC3), also known as p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), is a proapoptotic- BH3-only protein whose dysregulated expression in tumor tissues and circulation implicates it as a potential diagnostic biomarker. However, the analytical performance, preanalytical- requirements, and clinical utility of serum BBC3 quantification have not been rigorously assessed according to clinical chemistry- standards.

Resveratrol: a potential alternative therapeutic agent for patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

This review explores the therapeutic potential of resveratrol, focusing on its molecular and cellular effects on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), bioavailability enhancement strategies, and development challenges for applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and postharvest sectors. Resveratrol protects lungs by activating SIRT1, reducing oxidative stress via ROS regulation through Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes. It shows promise as an alternative to corticosteroids in COPD and cancer treatment.

QbD Assisted Systematic Review for Optimizing the Selection of PVP as a Ternary Substance in Enhancing the Complexation Efficiency of Cyclodextrins: a Pilot Study.

Inclusion complexes require higher concentration of Beta cyclodextrins (βCD) resulting in increased formulation bulk, toxicity, and production costs. This systematic review offers a comprehensive analysis using Quality by design (QbD) as a tool to predict potential applications of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a ternary substance to address issues of inclusion complexes. We reviewed 623 documents from 2013 to 2023 and Eighteen (18) research papers were selected for statistical and meta-analysis using the QbD concept to identify the most critical factors for selecting drugs and effect of PVP on inclusion complexes.

Gait Analysis and Functional Knee Scores in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis and Their Correlation with Progression of the Disease in the Indian Population.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis of the knee is a leading cause of disability and is a multi-factorial disease. Moreover, it is partly considered a mechanically driven disease in which higher abnormally disbursed forces play a prime role. With the progression of the disease, the gait function declines, so a comprehensive and objective evaluation of gait function would help in prognostic evaluation and management.

Split-hand/foot malformation 3 resulting from microduplications in 10q24 region in five patients from India.

Split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM) is a genetically heterogeneous congenital limb reduction defect characterized by the deficiencies of central rays of the autopod. Tandem duplications at 10q24 locus account for approximately 20% of all SHFM cases. Here, we report five affected individuals from four unrelated Indian families with SHFM3 caused by microduplication of 10q24 locus showing varied clinical presentations.

Guest-host Relationship of Cyclodextrin and its Pharmacological Benefits.

Many methods, including solid dispersion, micellization, and inclusion complexes, have been employed to increase the solubility of potent drugs. Beta-cyclodextrin (βCD) is a cyclic oligosaccharide consisting of seven glucopyranoside molecules, and is a widely used polymer for formulating soluble inclusion complexes of hydrophobic drugs. The enzymatic activity of Glycosyltransferase or α-amylase converts starch or its derivatives into a mixture of cyclodextrins.

A comparison of analgesic efficacy and safety of clonidine and methylprednisolone as additives to 0.25% ropivacaine in stellate ganglion block for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: a prospective randomised single blind study.

Background: The role of the sympathetic nervous system appears to be central in causing pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). The stellate ganglion block (SGB) using additives with local anesthetics is an established treatment modality. However, literature is sparse in support of selective benefits of different additives for SGB.

Functional Outcomes of Centralization of the Ulna as a Method of Reconstruction Following Resection of Campanacci Grade 3 Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Radius.

Purpose: Wrist reconstruction after distal radial tumor resection poses a challenge to the orthopedic oncologist. We evaluated the functional outcomes of centralization of the ulna with ulnocarpal arthrodesis as a method of reconstruction following resection of distal radius tumors, using impairment measures and patient-reported outcomes.

Methods: Evaluation of functional outcome was performed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 93 scoring system and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire.

In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Activities and Glucose Uptake through 2-NBDG by Hep-2 Liver Cancer Cells Treated with Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles.

The alarming rise in diabetes owing to drug resistance necessitates the implementation of prompt countermeasures in the treatment module of diabetes. Due to their unique physicochemical features, silver nanoparticles may have potential applications in the medical and pharmaceutical industries. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the culture filtrate of Salmonella enterica (ATCC-14028).

Management of Neglected Peroneal Tendon Dislocation of Iatrogenic Etiology: A Case Report.

Introduction: Neglected peroneal tendon dislocation with iatrogenic etiology has been rarely reported in the literature and its management has not been fully understood to date.

Case Report: We present a case of a 25-year-old male who presented with pain over the posterolateral aspect of his left ankle which was diagnosed to be a case of neglected peroneal tendon dislocation of iatrogenic etiology. Peroneal groove deepening with superior retinaculum repair was done in the patient along with loose body removal and osteophyte excision.

The science of resveratrol, formulation, pharmacokinetic barriers and its chemotherapeutic potential.

Chemopreventive properties of resveratrol has been studied for decades. Despite its potential for chemotherapeutic advancement, the compound has pharmaceutical limitations, such as, the drug has a poor pharmacokinetic profile and low bioavailability. Studies have comforting results that that the nano-formulations may aid the future resveratrol drug development.

Nanotechnological Advances in the Treatment of Epilepsy.

Epilepsy is known as one of the major challenges for medical science. The sudden appearance of a seizure has been a significant health emergency as it may lead to further complications. Although key advancements have been achieved in terms of pharmacological approaches for epilepsy, many issues remain uncertain.

Mid-Carpal Joint Sparing Procedure for Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of Capitate.

 Avascular necrosis of the capitate (AVNC) is an uncommon pathology of the wrist. Several procedures have been described for the treatment of AVNC. The type of treatment varies depending upon the stages.

Nanoencapsulation of Polyphenols as Drugs and Supplements for Enhancing Therapeutic Profile - A Review.

Polyphenolic phytoconstituents have been widely in use worldwide for ages and are categorised as secondary metabolites of plants. The application of polyphenols such as quercetin, resveratrol, curcumin as nutritional supplements has been researched widely. The use of polyphenols and specifically quercetin, for improving memory and mental endurance has shown significant effects among rats.

Posterior hip dislocation associated with concomitant ipsilateral femoral head and shaft fractures: an unusual combination of injuries.

The combination of posterior hip dislocation with an ipsilateral femoral head and shaft fractures is unusual. While cases of concomitant fractures of femoral head and shaft have been previously reported, the treatment of such injuries is challenging. Presence of an associated hip dislocation further complicates the matter.

Imaging of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries.

Nerves are commonly injured in case of blunt or penetrating trauma to the extremities. Patients with nerve injuries have profound consequences and thus a timely decision for operative management is a very important. Conventionally, management decisions have been based on clinical findings, patient course and electrophysiological studies.

Optimising Hand Surgery during COVID-19 Pandemic.

With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, most health-care personnel and resources are redirected to prioritize care for seriously-ill COVID patients. This situation may poorly impact our capacity to care for critically injured patients. We need to devise a strategy to provide rational and essential care to hand trauma victims whilst the access to theatres and anaesthetic support is limited.

Unilateral carpal tunnel syndrome: an unusual presentation of nodular fasciitis.

Nodular fasciitis is a benign, self-limiting proliferative disorder of fibroblast of uncertain aetiology, occurs frequently in the forearm. Nodular fasciitis in hand inducing carpal tunnel syndrome is exceptional. There are four cases of non-intraneural nodular fasciitis causing peripheral neuropathy that has been reported previously.

Knowledge, attitude, perception of Muslim parents towards vaccination in Malaysia.

Malaysia is a predominant Muslim country and the recent surge in vaccine-preventable disease enticed us to conduct a survey to measure the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Muslim parents toward vaccination process. The data were collected under four segments such as demography, Knowledge, Attitude and Perception. The questionnaire had high internal consistency (0.

Comparing Migratory and Mechanical Properties of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro.

Background: Colon cancer cells can migrate and metastasize by undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-cancerous, multipotent adult stem cells, which can also migrate. In this study, we wanted to compare the biological, physical, and functional properties of these migratory cells.