Does the Simple Renal Cyst Treatment Improve Renal Function: A Pilot Study.

Background: The current study aims to assess the effects of the large simple renal cyst (SRC) surgery on renal function for the first time.

Materials And Methods: This case-series study included 22 patients with larger than 50 mm single SRC who underwent laparoscopic cyst unroofing surgery. Twenty-four-hour urinary protein, creatinine, and volume along with plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured in patients before and 1 month after surgery.

Diagnostic utility of a-methylacyl COA racemase in prostate cancer of the Iranian population.

Background: Considering the great variations in the reported prevalence of prostate cancer across the world possibly due to different genetic and environmental backgrounds, we aimed to determine the expression pattern and the diagnostic utility of α-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR) among Iranian patients with prostate adenocarcinoma.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 58 patients with a definitive pathologic diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma were evaluated. The expression of AMACR, intensity, and extensity of its staining was determined in selected samples by immunohistochemical technique.

Diagnostic yield of fusion magnetic resonance-guided prostate biopsy versus cognitive-guided biopsy in biopsy-naive patients: a head-to-head randomized controlled trial.

Background: The combination of MRI-guided targeted biopsy (MRGB) with systematic biopsy (SB) provides the highest accuracy in detecting prostate cancer. There is a controversy over the superiority of fusion targeted biopsy (fus-MRGB) over cognitive targeted biopsy (cog-MRGB). The present head-to-head randomized controlled trial was performed to compare diagnostic yield of fus-MRGB in combination with SB with cog-MRGB in combination with SB.

Serum levels of total and urine level of PCA3 in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer.

Background: Urine test with the PSA result will provide a good prognosis of the prostate cancer. Therefore, considering the importance of PCA3 in this study, we aimed to compare the serum total and urinary PCA3 levels in patients with benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 90 patients referring to Noor and Hazrat-e-Ali Asghar Hospital in Isfahan from October 2017 to October 2018 for prostate biopsy.

Electrocoagulation Accounts for a Significant Portion of Discrepancy Between Preoperative Ultrasonography Prostate Size Estimation and Resected Tissue Weight.

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is considered to be the gold standard surgical procedure for medium-sized prostates. However, there is a drastic difference between the weight of resected tissue reported by the pathologist and the sonographic estimate of prostate weight before the operation. The present study investigates the role of electrocoagulation in tissue loss during monopolar (M-) and bipolar (B-) TURP.

The effect of selenium supplementation on cystine crystal volume in patients with cystinuria.

Background: Cystinuria as an autosomal recessive sickness is a relatively rare disease. Formation of cystine stones indicates cystinuria. Few studies are considered the cysteine crystal volume in management of cystinuria.

Discrepancies Between Biopsy Gleason Score and Radical Prostatectomy Specimen Gleason Score: An Iranian Experience.

Purpose: Considering the importance of treatment decisions for prostate cancer (PCa) and the utility of Gleason scoring system (GS) in this field, we aimed to assess the percent of agreement and disagreement between needle biopsy (NB) Gleason score and radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen Gleason score.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, consecutive patients with PCa, who underwent NB and subsequently RP were enrolled. GS of both NB and RP specimens were recorded for each patient.

Evaluation of the Results and Complications of Transabdominal Preperitoneal Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair in Patients with a History of Radical Prostatectomy.

Purpose: Radical prostatectomy is one of the most common urological surgeries. Inguinal hernia is a well-known complication of radical prostatectomy. There are many controversies about selection of surgical techniques for repair of inguinal hernia.

A comparison between dextranomer/ hyaluronic acid and polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer as bulking agents for treating primary vesicoureteral reflux.

Purpose: In recent years, endoscopic subureteral injection has gained popularity as a therapeutic alternative to open surgery because of its high success rates and low morbidity. We compared the success and complication rates of Polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer (PPC) and Dextranomer/Hyaluronic acid (Dx/HA) in the endoscopic treatment of VUR.

Materials & Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients who underwent endoscopic correction of their VUR by subureteric injection of PPC or Dx/HA from Jan 2010 to April 2016.

Comparison of Two Treatment Methods "One Shot" and "Sequential" on Reduction the Level of Hemoglobin in Patients with Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy in Al Zahra Hospital in 2012-2013.

Background: Access dilation is the most important part of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) that is done by different methods, especially metal telescoping and one shot. In this study, two different methods of access dilation one shot and telescoping were compared.

Materials And Methods: In observational cross-sectional study, 240 patients who were a candidate for PCNL were selected and randomly divided into two groups.

The effect of urethral catheterization on the level of prostate-specific antigen.

Background: The normal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in patients with urethral catheterization is a controversy. We designed this study to investigate the effect of nontraumatic urethral catheterization without urinary retention on serum PSA.

Materials And Methods: Seventy patients scheduled for urethral catheterization before elective surgeries were randomly selected and included in the study.

Addition of Ceftriaxone and Amikacin to a Ciprofloxacin plus Metronidazole Regimen for Preventing Infectious Complications of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adding single doses of ceftriaxone and amikacin to a ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole regimen on the reduction of infectious complications following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS Bx). Four hundred and fifty patients who were candidates for TRUS Bx were divided into two groups of 225 each. The control group received ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally every 12 hours together with metronidazole 500 mg orally every 8 hours from the day prior to the procedure until the fifth postoperative day.

Efficacy of Long-Acting Octreotide on Reducing Mucus Production in Patients With Ileal Neobladder.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of long-acting-release octreotide (trade name Sandostatin) on decreasing mucus secretion, thus reducing catheter obstruction after radical cystectomy and orthotopic reconstruction.

Patients And Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we treated 73 cases of radical cystectomy between the years 2008 and 2014; 65 were deemed eligible for the study. Cases were randomly divided into 2 groups.

Role of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Staging of Bladder Cancer.

Introduction: Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE)-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a useful technique in which rapid enhancement of tumour by uptake of the contrast agent compared to bladder wall.

Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI in staging of bladder cancer through differentiating superficial tumours from invasive tumours and organ-confined tumours from non-organ-confined tumours. In addition, the benefits of DCE-MRI in diagnosis of tumour progression steps were investigated.

A comparison of bladder neck preservation and bladder neck reconstruction for urinary incontinence after radical retro pubic prostatectomy.

Background: Prostate cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and will include about 30% of all malignancies in men. Since the initial report of the anatomic radical prostatectomy, refinements in the surgical technique have been made. Several studies show that bladder neck preservation (BNP) during radical prostatectomy makes improve early return of urinary continence, erectile function or both.

Expression of adenosine receptor subclasses in malignant and adjacent normal human prostate tissues.

Background: Adenosine, a purine nucleoside plays important roles in the pathogenesis of cancer initiation and promotion via interaction with four adenosine receptors. In the present study we examined the differential expression pattern of adenosine receptors in the malignant and adjacent normal human prostate tissues.

Methods: Prostate cancer tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 20 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and histopathological diagnosis was confirmed for each sample.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Effect of unilateral procedure on contralateral kidney function.

Background: Although long-term effects of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) on renal function and structure have been evaluated, knowledge regarding the immediate effects of surgery on renal function is limited. We conducted this study to evaluate the impact of unilateral PCNL on bilateral renal function during immediate post-operative period.

Materials And Methods: From April to September 2012, 40 eligible patients were enrolled in this study and underwent unilateral PCNL.

Concomitant surgical correction of severe stress urinary incontinence and anterior vaginal wall prolapse by anterior vaginal wall wrap: 18 months outcomes.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of an innovative, minimally invasive sling technique with autologous tissue in women with concomitant incontinence and anterior vaginal wall prolapse (AVWP).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or mixed urinary incontinence and AVWP were randomly assigned into two groups: In Group A (26 patients), anterior colporrhaphy (Kelly placation) and sling placement using a strip of anterior vaginal wall were performed, and in Group B (30 patients), transvaginal mesh correction of AVWP and tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) insertion (retropubic - craniocaudal route) using polypropylene mesh were carried out. The patients were followed-up for over 18 months and were assessed objectively using a 48 h frequency-volume chart, a 48 h pad test and a standardized stress test.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction presenting after antireflux surgery.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are two of the most common urologic problems in children that sometimes coexist simultaneously in a patient. However, presentation of UPJO after VUR treatment is rare. We will present two cases and discuss diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the condition.

E-cadherin expression as a prognostic factor in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder after transurethral resection.

Purpose: To analyze the role of negative versus positive immunoexpression of E-cadherin in recurrence rate of low-grade bladder tumors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 180 patients with unifocal, superficial, low-grade, papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were included in this study. The E-cadherin expression was evaluated using E-cadherin antibody.

Bladder involvement in Behcet's disease.

Purpose: To review different aspects of the bladder involvement in Behcet's disease as a rare complication.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed, Ovid, and Google Scholar for Behcet's and neuro-Behcet's disease and neurogenic and neuropathic bladder, bladder involvement, voiding dysfunction, and urologic manifestations. Fourteen full-texts and one abstract were retrieved.

Internal urethrotomy and intraurethral submucosal injection of triamcinolone in short bulbar urethral strictures.

Objectives: In clinical practice, internal urethrotomy is an easy procedure and is offered as a first modality for treatment of short urethral strictures. Internal urethrotomy refers to any procedure that opens the stricture by incising or ablating it transurethrally. The most common complication of internal urethrotomy is stricture recurrence.

First case report of bilateral metastatic intratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children. The tumor spreads by local extension, to regional lymph nodes, or by distant metastasis. Only few cases of intratesticular metastatic RMS have been reported in the published data.