Structural model of determinants of medication adherence in elderly individuals with tuberculosis in Iran.

Background And Objective: "Medication adherence" is essential for the successful treatment of tuberculosis. Numerous studies have indicated a higher probability of non-adherence to medication among elderly individuals with tuberculosis. As the elderly population continued to grow, non-adherence to medication in this group could lead to the failure of achieving the goal of tuberculosis eradication and make them a significant source of tuberculosis infection transmission in the community.

The Role of Oral Microbiota in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using MicroRNA and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expression: An Exploratory Study.

Background And Objective: Oral cancer is one of the malignant tumors of the head and neck region, which is associated with high mortality rates and has various negative effects on the aesthetics of patients. Therefore, access to high-quality care for early detection and appropriate surgical and drug treatments is crucial. To this end, researchers are investigating the mechanisms of carcinogenesis in cells and identifying the factors that affect it.

Regulatory T cells in the blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranks among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Due to the lack of effective treatments for COPD, targeting regulatory T-cells (Treg) has recently attracted considerable attention. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to review all of the existing data about the percentage of Treg cells in peripheral blood samples of COPD patients to discover the potential role of these cells in finding new treatments for these patients.

Serum Exosomal Expression of miR-155 and miR-221 in Moderate-to-severe Asthmatic Patients.

The cardinal features of asthma include airway inflammation, airway hyper responsiveness (AHR) and airway remodeling. Exosomes help orchestrate the immune response and contain microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-155 and miRNA-221 which play significant roles in the pathogenesis and exacerbations of severe asthma. In this study, we aimed to investigate the exosomal expression of miRNAs (155, 221) in the serum of severe asthma patients.

Barriers and facilitators of tuberculosis treatment among immigrants: an integrative review.

Background And Objectives: Migration, as an important social determinant in the field of health, plays a crucial role in the non-eradication of tuberculosis worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to identify the factors related to tuberculosis treatment in immigrants to effectively combat this disease. However no comprehensive study has focused on this issue.

Estimation of Survival Probability of Patients with COVID-19 Based on Information of Patients.

Background: In medical science, the probability of survival is a crucial index used to assess patient outcomes. This study aims to estimate the survival probability of patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: In a historical cohort study, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the survival probability of 4,372 COVID-19 patients treated at Dr.

Time-Dependent Changes in COVID-19 Severity Based on the Information of Patients Referring to Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerged disease with many unknown facets, so both the treatment and the cause of spreading this disease have remained mysterious so far.

Materials And Methods: Based on the information of 4372 patients with COVID-19 referring to Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, the time-dependent changes in COVID-19 severity were investigated in this study using correlation analysis.

Serial SOFA-score trends in ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients as predictor of 28-day mortality: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aim: The efficacy of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score as predictor of clinical outcomes among ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients is still controversial. We aimed to assess whether SOFA-score in different time intervals could predict 28-day mortality compared with other well-acknowledged risk factors of COVID-19 mortality.

Methods: This observational prospective cohort was conducted on 1057 patients from March 2020 to March 2022 at Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Iran.

Evaluation of Lymphocyte Subtypes in COVID-19 Patients.

Background: Although many aspects of the COVID-19 disease have not yet been clarified, dysregulation of the immune system may play a crucial role in the progression of the disease. In this study, the lymphocyte subsets were evaluated in patients with different severities of COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, the frequencies of peripheral lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, and CD8 T cells; CD19 and CD20 B cells; CD16/CD56 NK cells, and CD4/CD25/FOXP3 regulatory T cells) were evaluated in 67 patients with confirmed COVID-19 on the first day of their admission.

Investigating the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Process and its Related Occurrences during the Treatment Course.

Background: The disease process involves the occurrences happening during the disease and treatment course for the patient. Investigating this process is a significant and necessary issue for all diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Materials And Methods: Using the information of 4372 patients with COVID-19 referring to Dr.

Immunophenotype and function of circulating myeloid derived suppressor cells in COVID-19 patients.

The pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not fully elucidated. COVID-19 is due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes severe illness and death in some people by causing immune dysregulation and blood T cell depletion. Increased numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a diverse role in the pathogenesis of many infections and cancers but their function in COVID-19 remains unclear.

Effectiveness of Borage plus syrup on COVID-19 patients in intensive care units.

Introduction: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) still causes a high rate of death globally with no definite curative treatment described. The traditional plant Borage (Borago officinalis L.) is a good source of gamma-linolenic (GLA).

Nintedanib: a review of the properties, function, and usefulness to minimize COVID-19-induced lung injury.

Introduction: In severe COVID-19 patients, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-induced lung injury regularly causes a pulmonary fibrotic phase. There is no approved therapy for the COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, administration of an anti-fibrotic agent, in the early acute phase of the severe COVID-19 with ARDS, may improve the infection outcomes.

Correlation of single-nucleotide polymorphism at interferon-gamma R1 (at Position - 56) in positive purified protein derivative health workers with COVID-19 infection.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the susceptibility of purified protein derivative (PPD) plus health-care workers to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). For this reason, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) gene at position +2109 and IFN-γ receptor 1 (R1) at position -56 was assessed in PPD plus group before and after COVID-19 infection (2017-2018; 2020-2021).

Methods: The selected study cases (n = 100) that were working in tuberculosis (TB) unite (5-10 years) with PPD positivity >15 mm (16-20 mm) were included in this investigation.

The miR-196a SNP Rs11614913 but not the miR-499 rs37464444 SNP is a Risk Factor for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in an Iranian Population.

Background: Globally, lung cancer represents a major cause of cancer-related deaths. The regulation of gene expression is modulated by small noncoding RNAs called miRNAs that can act as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes. The maturation, expression and binding to target mRNAs is affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA genomic regions thereby contributing to cancer susceptibility.

Evaluations of Factors Affecting of Short-and Long-Time of Occurrence of Disease Relapse in Patients with Tuberculosis Using Parametric Mixture Cure Model: A Cohort Study.

Background: The success of treatment strategies to control the disease relapse requires determining factors affecting the incident short-time and long-time of disease relapse. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify the factors affecting of short-and long-time of occurrence of disease relapse in patients with tuberculosis (TB) using a parametric mixture cure model.

Materials And Methods: In this historical cohort study; the data was collected from 4564 patients with TB who referred to the Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center of Dr.

Decreased neutrophil-mediated bacterial killing in COVID-19 patients.

The coronavirus disease COVID-19 was first described in December 2019. The peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients have increased numbers of neutrophils which are important in controlling the bacterial infections observed in COVID-19. We sought to evaluate the cytotoxic capacity of neutrophils in COVID-19 patients.

National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD) Protocol for the Treatment of Patients with COVID-19.

More than a year after the onset of the coronavirus disease pandemic in 2019, the disease remains a major global health issue. During this time, health organizations worldwide have tried to provide integrated treatment guidelines to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at different levels. However, due to the novel nature of the disease and the emergence of new variants, medical teams' updating medical information and drug prescribing guidelines should be given special attention.

The Role of HLA-DRB1 Alleles in Pulmonary Cystic Fibrosis.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white Caucasians. It affects many organs including the lung, pancreas, and liver. Whilst CF is a monogenic disease, several studies revealed a complex relationship between genotype and clinical phenotype of diseases.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Tuberculosis Control: A Narrative Review.

Background: The world is currently struggling with the COVID-19pandemic. Measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic have affected other health problems and diseases, including tuberculosis (TB) and its control. The present narrative review aimed at reviewing published literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB control.

Incorrect Use of Protective Equipment against COVID-19 can cause more Inconvenience, a Questionnaire-Based Study of 7000 Participants.

Aims: At present, there is no definitive treatment for COVID-19 and to break the pandemic chain, prevention is the best choice. Meanwhile different controlling strategies are considered, in this study, we aimed to understand public insights toward the medical advisement.

Material: A self-constructed questionnaire including information regarding various preventive elements such as wearing a mask, using gloves, attention to safe social distance, using disinfectant materials was prepared.

Favipiravir Effects on the Control of Clinical Symptoms of Hospitalized COVID-19 Cases: An Experience with Iranian Formulated Dosage Form.

Coronavirus disease -19 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has gradually spread worldwide, becoming a major public health event. This situation requires designing a novel antiviral agent against the SARS-CoV-2; however, this is time-consuming and the use of repurposed medicines may be promising. One such medicine is favipiravir, primarily introduced as an anti-influenza agent in east world.

Transmission electron microscopy study of suspected primary ciliary dyskinesia patients.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition often presenting with chronic respiratory infections in early life. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used to detect ciliary ultrastructural defects. In this study, we aimed to assess ciliary ultrastructural defects using quantitative methods on TEM to identify its diagnostic role in confirming PCD.