Effects of Risperidone and Aripiprazole Antipsychotic Drugs on Behavioral Changes and the Expression Levels of DRD2, HTR2A, AKT1, and CACNA1C Genes in the Hippocampus of a Ketamine-induced Schizophrenia-like Rat Model.

Schizophrenia, a severe neuropsychiatric disorder, is characterized by significant impairments in neurological function. The disease includes a spectrum of symptoms that are divided into four main categories: positive, negative, cognitive, and mood symptoms. In this study, 32 male Wistar rats, approximately 10 to 12 weeks old, were randomly separated into four groups: vehicle (saline), ketamine (30 mg/kg), aripiprazole (0.

Effects of memantine and donepezil on social memory, anxiety-like behavior and the expression levels of microRNA-124, microRNA-125b, and microRNA-132 in scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats.

Introduction: Almost all physiological processes are modulated by microRNAs, therefore, dysregulation of these small regulatory RNAs is observed in a variety of diseases, including cognitive impairments.

Methods: In this study, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of control, scopolamine, donepezil, memantine, and combined administration of donepezil + memantine. Rats in scopolamine, donepezil, memantine, and combined administration of donepezil + memantine groups received scopolamine (1 mg/kg-intraperitoneal) for 7 days.

Predictors of poor clinical outcome in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy undergoing cervical laminectomy and fusion.

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a common degenerative disease that arises from spinal cord compression and injury. Laminectomy with posterior spinal fusion (LPSF) is one of the most common approaches used to treat patients with CSM. The present study aimed to evaluate predictors of poor clinical outcome in patients with CSM undergoing LPSF.