Factors Influencing Resection Time in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Objectives: The usefulness of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is well established. However, factors influencing resection time remain unclear. This study aimed to identify these factors during ESD for rectal NETs.

Short- and long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in older adult patients.

Background: Superficial pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is increasingly detected owing to advancements in image-enhanced endoscopy, with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) emerging as a minimally invasive treatment option. Nutritional status, including indices such as body mass index (BMI), prognostic nutritional index, and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), influences outcomes in head and neck cancer. However, prognostic factors specific to older adults with superficial PSCC remain unclear.

Effectiveness of Triamcinolone Injections in Preventing Scar Deformity following Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Pharyngeal Cancer.

Introduction: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective treatment for superficial pharyngeal cancer. However, pharyngeal deformity caused by postoperative ulcer contraction is a major concern and can result in a poor quality of life. While local steroid injections have been shown to prevent strictures after ESD for esophageal cancer, their effectiveness in preventing deformities following ESD for pharyngeal cancer remains unclear.

Risk Factors for Elevated D-Dimer Levels in Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumors Treated with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is almost always performed with a sedative because of the longer procedure times involved. The risk of post-ESD deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been reported as relatively high, and D-dimer levels are sometimes elevated after ESD. This retrospective study evaluated factors affecting changes in D-dimer levels from before to after ESD to identify causes of elevated D-dimer levels after ESD.

Gastrointestinal Bleeding During Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation and Risk of Polypharmacy.

Although concomitant medications have been raised as a factor affecting hemorrhage during direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) therapy, details remain unelucidated. This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between concomitant medications with possible pharmacokinetic interactions and number of concomitant medications, and bleeding and embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation on DOACs. The subjects were 1010 patients prescribed DOACs from a single-center at the Teikyo University Hospital between April 2011 and June 2018.

Involvement of human blood arylesterases and liver microsomal carboxylesterases in nafamostat hydrolysis.

Metabolism of nafamostat, a clinically used serine protease inhibitor, was investigated with human blood and liver enzyme sources. All the enzyme sources examined (whole blood, erythrocytes, plasma and liver microsomes) showed nafamostat hydrolytic activity. V(max) and K(m) values for the nafamostat hydrolysis in erythrocytes were 278 nmol/min/mL blood fraction and 628 microM; those in plasma were 160 nmol/min/mL blood fraction and 8890 microM, respectively.

Effect of beta(2)-microglobulin adsorption column on dialysis-related amyloidosis.

Background: beta2-microglobulin (beta2-m) is considered a major pathogenic factor in dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA), often seen in long-term dialysis patients. No effective therapy for this severely debilitating disease is currently available. Lixelle, an adsorption column, has been developed for the elimination of beta2-m; the efficacy of this column has been evaluated in this study.

Fourier synthesis image reconstruction by use of one-dimensional position-sensitive detectors.

An improvement of Fourier synthesis optics for hard x-ray imaging is described, and the basic performance of the new optics is confirmed through numerical simulations. The original concept of the Fourier synthesis imager utilizes nonposition-sensitive hard x-ray detectors coupled to individual bigrid modulation collimators. The improved concept employs a one-dimensional position-sensitive detector (such as a CdTe strip detector) instead of the second grid layer of each bigrid modulation collimator.