Genome-editing of a circadian clock gene TaPRR95 facilitates wheat peduncle growth and heading date.

Plant height and heading date are important agronomic traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that affect final grain yield. In wheat, knowledge of pseudo-response regulator (PRR) genes on agronomic traits is limited.

Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of the Gene Family in Common Wheat () and Its D-Subgenome Donor .

JASMONATE-ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) repressor proteins work as co-receptors in the jasmonic acid (JA) signalling pathway and are essential for plant development and environmental adaptation. Despite wheat being one of the main staple food crops, until recently, comprehensive analysis of its gene family has been limited due to the lack of complete and high-quality reference genomes. Here, using the latest reference genome, we identified 17 genes in the wheat D-genome donor .

Grain yield improvement by genome editing of TaARF12 that decoupled peduncle and rachis development trajectories via differential regulation of gibberellin signalling in wheat.

Plant breeding is constrained by trade-offs among different agronomic traits by the pleiotropic nature of many genes. Genes that contribute to two or more favourable traits with no penalty on yield are rarely reported, especially in wheat. Here, we describe the editing of a wheat auxin response factor TaARF12 by using CRISPR/Cas9 that rendered shorter plant height with larger spikes.

Excitation Energies of Embedded Chromophores from Frozen-Density Embedding Theory Using State-Specific Electron Densities of the Environment.

Starting from the Perdew-Levy theorem on extrema of the Hohenberg-Kohn functional, the expression for the vertical excitation energy is derived within the formal framework of Frozen-Density Embedding Theory (FDET) that makes it possible to use state-specific electron densities of the environment (ρ) of an embedded species. The derived general expression involves the embedded wave functions for ground and excited states that are orthogonal and is exact up to quadratic terms in the appropriate density expansion. It can be applied in practice using various methods differing in the treatment of the electron-electron correlation for embedded electrons, the method to evaluate different contributions to the excitation energy, the method to generate state-specific ρ, and the approximation used for the non-electrostatic component of the FDET embedding potential.

Matrilineal empowers wheat pollen with haploid induction potency by triggering postmitosis reactive oxygen species activity.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles during anther and pollen development. DNA damage may cause chromosome fragmentation that is considered to underlie chromosome elimination for haploid induction by matrilineal pollen, a key step in MATRILINEAL-based double haploid breeding technology. But when and how DNA damage occurs is unknown.

The Challenge of Accurate Computation of Two-Photon Absorption Properties of Organic Chromophores in the Condensed Phase.

Two strategies are applied to evaluate the effect of the environment on the two-photon absorption (TPA) cross sections for two characteristic excited states of CH upon complexation with HO. The supermolecular strategy provides the reference complexation-induced shifts and uses either the EOM-CCSD or ADC(2) method. The embedding strategy is based on frozen-density-embedding theory (FDET) and uses only fundamental constants.