Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of CPX- 351 in secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia between the registrative trial and a real-life study.

A real-life study on CPX-351 and the standard arm ('7 + 3') of the CPX-351 registrative trial in adults with secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia were compared by an unanchored Matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC), in order to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of CPX-351. Results of this study are important to confirm the role of CPX-351 in significantly improving survival and remission rates compared with '7 + 3' with a good safety profile in AML patients with high-risk features, a target group traditionally with a very poor prognosis. Moreover, this pilot analysis underlines the potentiality of the statistical method to compare studies with strong differences.

Evaluation of Self-Regulating Doped Ferrite Nanoparticles with Glucose, Chitosan, and Poly-Ethylene Glycol Coatings for Hyperthermia and Dual Imaging.

Purpose: This study investigates the theranostic potential of doped ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) with self-regulating temperature (SRT) properties, termed M55, coated with glucose (GM55), chitosan (CM55), and poly-ethylene glycol (PM55). The NPs were assessed for their physicochemical attributes, magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) efficacy, dual-imaging capabilities in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), cytocompatibility, and cellular uptake.

Methods: Physicochemical characterization was conducted using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential measurements.

INO-CD22: A multicenter, real-world study of inotuzumab ozogamicin safety and effectiveness in adult patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Inotuzumab ozogamicin (IO) has helped to change the treatment paradigm in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) but real-world data are limited.

Methods: The INO-CD22 study is a multicenter retrospective cohort study of adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL treated with IO in 24 Italian centers from 2014 to 2019, with the aim of assessing the response, survival, and toxicity of IO.

Results: Data for 73 eligible patients were obtained: the median age at the start of IO treatment was 52.

New Combination Regimens vs. Fludarabine, Cytarabine, and Idarubicin in the Treatment of Intermediate- or Low-Risk Nucleophosmin-1-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Analysis from 7 Italian Centers.

: Nucleophosmin-1 () mutation accounts for 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases and defines either low- or intermediate-risk AML, depending on -ITD mutation. New combination regimens (NCRs), adding midostaurin and gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) to the 3 + 7 scheme, are commonly used, though there are no data that compare NCRs with intensive induction chemotherapy. : To evaluate the efficacy and safety of NCRs and FLAI in + AML, we retrospectively analyzed 125 patients treated with FLAI ( = 53) or NCRs ( = 72) at seven Italian Centers.

Exploring the role of PARP1 inhibition in enhancing antibody-drug conjugate therapy for acute leukemias: insights from DNA damage response pathway interactions.

Background: The introduction of antibody-drug conjugates represents a significant advancement in targeted therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Our study aims to investigate the role of the DNA damage response pathway and the impact of PARP1 inhibition, utilizing talazoparib, on the response of AML and ALL cells to Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) and Inotuzumab ozogamicin (INO), respectively.

Methods: AML and ALL cells were treated with GO, INO and γ-calicheamicin in order to induce severe DNA damage and activate the G2/M cell-cycle checkpoint in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Long-term real-world evidence of CPX-351 of high-risk patients with AML identified high rate of negative MRD and prolonged OS.

CPX-351 has been approved for patients with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (MRC-AML). No extensive data are available on measurable residual disease (MRD) and long-term clinical outcome using CPX-351 in AML in real life. We retrospectively collected data from 168 patients in 36 centers in France and Italy who had received 1 or 2 cycles of induction with CPX-351.

Noninvasive, Presymptomatic Detection of Potato Cyst Nematode Infection in Tomato Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analysis.

Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) are notorious pathogens in all major potato production areas worldwide. Mainly due to the low mobility of this soil pathogen, PCN infestations are mostly observed as patches ("foci") that only cover a fraction of the acreage. In-field presymptomatic localization of these pathogens is valuable, as it would allow for the localized application of control measures.

Severe hypereosinophilia in a patient treated with dupilumab and shift to mepolizumab: the importance of multidisciplinary management. A case report and literature review.

Type 2 inflammation is a heterogeneous condition due to the complex activation of different immunological pathways. Rapid progress in research to evaluate the efficacy of biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and asthma has led to the availability of effective therapeutic options. These drugs are safe, but temporary iatrogenic hypereosinophilia may sometimes be associated with clinical symptoms or organ damage.

Bacillus subtilis promotes plant phosphorus (P) acquisition through P solubilization and stimulation of root and root hair growth.

Bacteria can be applied as biofertilizers to improve crop growth in phosphorus (P)-limited conditions. However, their mode of action in a soil environment is still elusive. We used the strain ALC_02 as a case study to elucidate how Bacillus subtilis affects dwarf tomato cultivated in soil-filled rhizoboxes over time.

CPX-351 and allogeneic stem cell transplant for a therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia that developed after treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: a case report and review of the literature.

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs), which develop after cytotoxic, radiation, or immunosuppressive therapy for an unrelated disease, account for 7%-8% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Worse outcomes and consequently shortened survival are associated with t-MNs as compared with AML. Therapy-related MNs are being reported with increasing frequency in successfully treated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), in particular, before the introduction of all- retinoic acid (ATRA) plus arsenic trioxide (ATO).

Differential influence of Bacillus subtilis strains on Arabidopsis root architecture through common and distinct plant hormonal pathways.

Plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) can enhance crop yield and health, but knowledge of their mode-of-action is limited. We studied the influence of two Bacillus subtilis strains, the natural isolate ALC_02 and the domesticated 168 Gö, on Arabidopsis and hypothesized that they modify the root architecture by modulating hormone transport or signaling. Both bacteria promoted increase of shoot and root surface area in vitro, but through different root anatomical traits.

Hematologic Neoplasms Associated with Down Syndrome: Cellular and Molecular Heterogeneity of the Diseases.

The molecular basis of Down syndrome (DS) predisposition to leukemia is not fully understood but involves various factors such as chromosomal abnormalities, oncogenic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and changes in selection dynamics. Myeloid leukemia associated with DS (ML-DS) is preceded by a preleukemic phase called transient abnormal myelopoiesis driven by gene mutations and progresses to ML-DS via additional mutations in cohesin genes, , , or pathway genes. DS-related ALL (ALL-DS) differs from non-DS ALL in terms of cytogenetic subgroups and genetic driver events, and the aberrant expression of , mutations, and pathway-activating mutations are frequent in ALL-DS.

Multicenter Observational Retrospective Study on Febrile Events in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Cpx-351 in "Real-Life": The SEIFEM Experience.

In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the absolute risk of infection in the real-life setting of AML patients treated with CPX-351. The study included all patients with AML from 30 Italian hematology centers of the SEIFEM group who received CPX-351 from July 2018 to June 2021. There were 200 patients included.

Measurable Residual Disease and Clonal Evolution in Acute Myeloid Leukemia from Diagnosis to Post-Transplant Follow-Up: The Role of Next-Generation Sequencing.

It has now been ascertained that acute myeloid leukemias-as in most type of cancers-are mixtures of various subclones, evolving by acquiring additional somatic mutations over the course of the disease. The complexity of leukemia clone architecture and the phenotypic and/or genotypic drifts that can occur during treatment explain why more than 50% of patients-in hematological remission-could relapse. Moreover, the complexity and heterogeneity of clone architecture represent a hindrance for monitoring measurable residual disease, as not all minimal residual disease monitoring methods are able to detect genetic mutations arising during treatment.

Biological therapy in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Introduction: The introduction of target molecules and immunological therapies is changing the treatment landscape of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Areas Covered: We recapitulate the biological therapies that can be employed in the treatment of elderly patients with AML. Alongside small molecules inhibitors that target specific gene mutations, antibodies, tumor microenvironment modulators, and cellular therapies are being developed for the cure of the disease.

AVALON: The Italian cohort study on real-life efficacy of hypomethylating agents plus venetoclax in newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents (HMA) is revolutionizing the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, evidence on large sets of patients is lacking, especially in relapsed or refractory leukemia.

Methods: AVALON is a multicentric cohort study that was conducted in Italy on patients with AML who received venetoclax-based therapies from 2015 to 2020.

Antigen rapid diagnostic test monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic and fully vaccinated cancer patients: Is it cost-effective?

Background: Routine testing for cancer patients not presenting COVID-19-related symptoms and fully vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 prior to cancer treatment is controversial.

Methods: In this retrospective study we evaluated whether antigen-rapid-diagnostic-test (Ag-RDT) monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 in a large cohort of consecutive asymptomatic (absence of SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat or nasal congestion) and fully vaccinated cancer patients enrolled in a short period during cancer treatment has an impact on the therapeutic path of cancer patients.

Results: From December 27, 2021, to February 11, 2022, 2439 cancer patients were screened through Ag-RDT for SARS-CoV-2 before entering the hospital for systemic treatment.

Doped Ferrite Nanoparticles Exhibiting Self-Regulating Temperature as Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Antitumoral Agents, with Diagnostic Capability in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Particle Imaging.

This paper reports a comprehensive investigation of a magnetic nanoparticle (MNP), named M55, which belongs to a class of innovative doped ferrite nanomaterials, characterized by a self-limiting temperature. M55 is obtained from M48, an MNP previously described by our group, by implementing an additional purification step in the synthesis. M55, after citrate and glucose coating, is named G-M55.

2-Hydroxyglutarate in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Journey from Pathogenesis to Therapies.

The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) plays a key role in differentiation blockade and metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Approximatively 20-30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases carry mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes, leading to a reduction in the Krebs cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to 2-HG. Relapse and chemoresistance of AML blasts following initial good response to standard therapy account for the very poor outcome of this pathology, which represents a great challenge for hematologists.

Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients with Cancer in a High-Volume Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Background: Few data are available on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients undergoing active cancer-directed treatment.

Patients And Methods: This case series analyzes outcomes in terms of adverse events in 5297 patients undergoing anti-cancer treatment who were vaccinated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine at a single cancer center from March 6, 2021 to May 9, 2021. Adverse events were retrieved from the national Italian pharmacovigilance platform (http://www.

Therapeutic Targeting of Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex hematological malignancy characterized by genetic and clinical heterogeneity and high mortality. Despite the recent introduction of novel pharmaceutical agents in hemato-oncology, few advancements have been made in AML for decades. In the last years, the therapeutic options have rapidly changed, with the approval of innovative compounds that provide new opportunities, together with new challenges for clinicians: among them, on 1 September, 2017 the Food and Drug Administration granted approval for Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin (GO) in combination with daunorubicin and cytarabine for the treatment of adult patients affected by newly diagnosed CD33 AML.

Hypomethylating Agents (HMAs) as Salvage Therapy in Relapsed or Refractory AML: An Italian Multicentric Retrospective Study.

Data on the use of azacytidine and decitabine as salvage therapy for acute myeloid leukemia are limited. We retrospectively reviewed clinical records of 100 patients treated with hypomethylating agents (HMA) as salvage therapy in nine Italian institutions. A total of 24% of patients obtained a response to HMA (CR, PR, or CRi), while 26% showed a stable disease (SD); 50% of patients experienced progressive disease.