Physeal sparing technique reduces femoral growth disturbance in pediatric anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in limb length and angular deformity between two cohorts of patients who have underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-reconstruction using a femoral non-physeal sparing technique (N-PS) and a physeal sparing technique (PS). It was hypothesised that N-PS would result in less discrepancy in limb length and knee angles than PS.

Methods: This is a comparative cohort study of 113 patients: 33 in N-PS who underwent ACL reconstruction between 2001 and 2010, and 80 in PS who underwent ACL reconstruction between 2013 and 2019.

Point of care ultrasound screening, performed by midwives, outperforms standard selective screening for hip dysplasia. A diagnostic accuracy study.

Background And Purpose: To investigate the accuracy of pubo-femoral distance (PFD) ultrasound (US) performed by midwives as a referral criterion for diagnostic Graf hip US, compared to standard screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in newborns.

Methods: PFD US screening was performed along standard screening for DDH in a prospective cohort. The accuracy of PFD US was compared to the standard referral criteria for diagnostic hip US in terms of sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value in detecting abnormal hips, as well as proportion of abnormal hips found and referral rates.

Age-optimized cut-off values for pubofemoral distances in screening for hip dysplasia.

Aims: To establish cut-off values for lateral pubofemoral distance (PFD) measurements for detecting hip dysplasia in early (four days) and standard care (six weeks) screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods: All newborns, during a one-year period (October 2021 to October 2022), were offered a PFD ultrasound (US) examination in addition to the existing screening programme for DDH. Newborns who were referred for standard care hip US, suspected for DDH, received a secondary PFD US examination in conjunction with the standard care Graf/Harcke hip US examination.

Pubofemoral distances correlate to acetabular morphology and sonological instability in screening for hip dysplasia.

Aims: The present study seeks to investigate the correlation of pubofemoral distances (PFD) to α angles, and hip displaceability status, defined as femoral head coverage (FHC) or FHC during manual provocation of the newborn hip < 50%.

Methods: We retrospectively included all newborns referred for ultrasound screening at our institution based on primary risk factor, clinical, and PFD screening. α angles, PFD, FHC, and FHC at follow-up ultrasound for referred newborns were measured and compared using scatter plots, linear regression, paired -test, and box-plots.

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This is a case report of a four-year-old boy who suffered a forearm fracture managed with closed reduction and casting for six weeks. Postoperatively, the patient showed symptoms of median nerve affection which was misinterpreted as neuropraxia. Ultrasonography of the forearm revealed that the median nerve was trapped in the radius fracture site.

Birthweight correlates to pubo-femoral distances and α angles in hip ultrasound of newborns at 6 weeks of age: a retrospective cohort study.

Background And Purpose: There is inconsistency in the literature regarding the relationship between increased birthweight and risk of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We aimed to investigate the correlation between birthweight and pubo-femoral distance (PFD), as well as Graf's α angle in newborns undergoing hip ultrasound examination at 6 weeks of age.

Patients And Methods: Basic newborn characteristics and ultrasound measurements were retrospectively collected during a 1-year study period.

B3GAT3-related linkeropathy and an in-frame homozygous deletion in an adult patient.

Background: Proteoglycans (PGs) are complex macromolecules consisting of a core protein and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains. PGs are important for the constitution and functioning of the connective tissue. The normal composition of the GAG side chains defines the nature of the PGs and a wide range of biological events.

Controlled rotation of long bones by guided growth: A proof of concept study of a novel plate in cadavers.

Our novel plate design has been developed for controlled rotation of long bones by guided growth. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate the precision of the rotation in the femur. Twelve cadaverous femora of six adults (right = 6, left = 6) underwent an osteotomy at the level of the physeal scar.

What is the association between MRI and conventional radiography in measuring femoral head migration?

Background and purpose - Pelvic radiographs are traditionally used for assessing femoral head migration in residual acetabular dysplasia (RAD). Knowledge of the heightened importance of cartilaginous structures in this condition has led to increased use of MRI in assessing both osseous and cartilaginous structures of the pediatric hip. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between migration percentages (MP) found on MRI and conventional radiographs.

Physical child abuse demands increased awareness during health and socioeconomic crises like COVID-19.

Background and purpose - Physical abuse of children, i.e., nonaccidental injury (NAI) including abusive head trauma (AHT) is experienced by up to 20% of children; however, only 0.

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-guided core biopsy of peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of and complications from ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (UGCNB) of suspected peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs).

Methods: Patients undergoing UGCNB from January 2004 to December 2016, based on the suspicion of PNST, were included in the study. Age, gender, anatomical location, dates of relevant events, and histopathological reports of the UGCNB cores and the resected tumors were retrieved from the patients' medical records.

TLR9 agonist MGN1703 enhances B cell differentiation and function in lymph nodes.

Background: TLR9 agonists are being developed as immunotherapy against malignancies and infections. TLR9 is primarily expressed in B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). TLR9 signalling may be critically important for B cell activity in lymph nodes but little is known about the in vivo impact of TLR9 agonism on human lymph node B cells.

A prospective study of high resolution ultrasound in brachial plexopathies - Correlation with electrophysiological measurements.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic role of ultrasound in brachial plexopathies.

Methods: We included 59 healthy subjects (HS) and 42 patients consecutively referred with clinical suspicion of brachial plexopathy from October 2015 to May 2016. Patients underwent routine electrodiagnostic testing (EDx) as reference standard and a blinded standardised ultrasound examination of the brachial plexus as index test with cross-sectional area (CSA) as the ultrasound parameter of choice.

Phenotypic presentations of Hajdu-Cheney syndrome according to age - 5 distinct clinical presentations.

We present five Danish individuals with Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (HJCYS) (OMIM #102500), a rare multisystem skeletal disorder with distinctive facies, generalised osteoporosis and progressive focal bone destruction. In four cases positive genetic screening of exon 34 of NOTCH2 supported the clinical diagnosis; in one of these cases, mosaicism was demonstrated, which, to our knowledge, has not previously been reported. In one case no genetic testing was performed since the phenotype was definite, and the diagnosis in the mother was genetically confirmed.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in early rehabilitation of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A pilot study.

Introduction: In Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), patients often develop muscle atrophy from denervation and immobilization. We, therefore, conducted a pilot study of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to evaluate feasibility, safety, and effect on muscle wasting in the early phase of GBS.

Methods: Seventeen patients were randomized to receive 20 min of muscle fiber stimulation followed by 40 min of NMES of the right or left quadriceps muscle with the untreated side as control.

Suggestion for new 4.4 mm pubo-femoral distance cut-off value for hip instability in lateral position during DDH screening.

Background and purpose - Current selective screening algorithms for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are insufficient. Universal screening programs have been proposed but so far have been deemed too expensive and time consuming. The pubo-femoral distance may solve this problem as a quick, low-cost, highly sensitive, and specific sonographic measurement for DDH, but this has only been validated in the supine position.

Correlation of radiological and clinical measurement of genu valgum in children.

Introduction: Genu valgus is a condition characterised by a lateral shift of the knee's mechanical axis. The deformity can be characterised using clinical examinations and long hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angles, but it is unclear how these investigations correlate with each other. Our aim was to examine the correlation between clinical and radiographic measurements of the lower extremities in children.

Low rate of clinically important avascular necrosis of the femoral head after Ludloff's procedure.

Introduction: Ludloff's procedure for open reduction of congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) is recommended for its minimal tissue damage, but is criticised for the risk of late avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. The aim of present study was primarily to assess the risk of late AVN of the femoral head and secondly the range of motion (ROM) of the hip and the quality of life in children following Ludloff's procedure.

Methods And Materials: 13 hips in 11 children after Ludloff's procedure due to CDH were included retrospectively from 1997 to 2005 at Aarhus University Hospital.

Hemiepiphysiodesis: similar treatment time for tension-band plating and for stapling: a randomized clinical trial on guided growth for idiopathic genu valgum.

Background: In children with angulating deformities of the lower limbs, hemiepiphysiodesis can be used to guide growth to achieve better alignment at skeletal maturity. Traditionally, this has been performed with staples. The tension-band plating technique is new and it has been advocated because it is believed to reduce the risk of premature closure of the growth plate compared to stapling.

Erythropoietin augments bone formation in a rabbit posterolateral spinal fusion model.

We tested the hypothesis that erythropoietin (EPO) enhances bone formation after posterolateral spinal fusion (PLF) in a rabbit model. Thirty-four adult rabbits underwent posterolateral intertransverse arthrodesis at the L5-L6 level using 2.0 g autograft per side.