Risk factors for bleeding and perioperative bleeding complications in oculoplastic surgery: a prospective pilot study.

Background/aims: Clear guidelines for managing patients on antiplatelet (AP) or anticoagulant (AC) therapy undergoing oculoplastic surgery are lacking. This study investigates bleeding risk factors and evaluates the effectiveness of a standardised bleeding risk assessment in extraocular surgery.

Methods: In this prospective study, a standardised questionnaire (SQ) was employed to gather patients' bleeding histories.

The Inner Nuclear Layer in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: Pediatric onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) leads to optic nerve and retinal damage from optic neuritis (ON) and potential subclinical disease activity. Neuroaxonal retinal damage manifests in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIP) thinning. Inner nuclear layer (INL) thickness has been suggested to increase with inflammatory activity or after acute ON, and decrease from chronic neurodegeneration.

Vision Restoration through transorbital electrical stimulation in Optic Neuropathy in patients with significant optic atrophy due to primary open-angle glaucoma-a randomised, controlled, double-blind, multicentre clinical trial: the VIRON study protocol.

Introduction: Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness and affects more than 70 million people worldwide. The disease is characterised by the loss of retinal ganglion cells associated with a progressive optic neuropathy, resulting in an impairment of visual functions, for example, visual field loss. Nowadays, the only modifiable risk factor is the increase in intraocular pressure, and its treatment is to lower this pressure by medication, laser treatment or surgery to avoid disease progression.

Characterization and Classification of Postoperative Cysts After Strabismus Surgery: Clinical, Histological, and Anterior Segment OCT Analysis in a Large German Cohort.

Introduction: In this work, we provide a detailed characterization of a rare complication-subconjunctival cyst formation after strabismus surgery-in a large German cohort.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 822 consecutive patients who underwent strabismus surgery between 2015 and 2022. The patients received comprehensive eye and orthoptic examinations preoperatively, at 1 day, and at 3 months postoperatively.

[OCT in Neuroophthalmology].

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become the most important innovation in ophthalmology over the last 30 years and is used routinely, especially in the diagnosis of retinal and glaucomatous diseases. It is fast, non-invasive and reproducible. Since the procedures can offer such a high resolution that the individual retinal layers can be visualised and segmented, this examination technique has also found its way into neuroophthalmology.

Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency from an Ophthalmologist's Perspective-Case Report and Literature Review.

Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is an extremely rare autosomal recessively inherited disease with a prevalence of 1:500.000 caused by mutations on the sulfatase-modifying-Factor 1 gene (SUMF1). MSD is most specifically characterised by a combination of developmentally retarded psychomotoric functions, neurodegeneration that entails the loss of many already acquired abilities, and by ichthyosis.

Clinical Congenital Anophthalmos and Microphthalmos-Experiences of Patients and Their Parents after More than 10 Years of Treatment.

Congenital clinical anophthalmos and blind microphthalmos describe the absence of an eye or the presence of a small eye in the orbit. Between 1999 and 2013, 97 children with anophthalmos or microphthalmos were treated with self-inflating, hydrophilic gel expanders at the Rostock Eye Clinic. More than a decade later, this study investigated the perspective of patients and parents regarding the treatment, the surgical outcome, and the emotional and social well-being of the patients.

[Ocular prosthetics in children-Possibilities and challenges].

One of the greatest challenges for ocularists is prosthetic fitting in children, especially in children with congenital anomalies such as clinical anophthalmia or functionless (blind) microphthalmia. The most frequent reason for prosthetic fitting in children is a condition following enucleation for retinoblastoma, followed by trauma and congenital pathologies. The standard treatment after enucleation or evisceration begins intraoperatively with the selection of an suitable implant and the use of a conformer at the end of the operation to shape the prosthetic cavity.

Presentation of Graves' orbitopathy within European Group On Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) centres from 2012 to 2019 (PREGO III).

Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is subject to epidemiological and care-related changes. Aim of the survey was to identify trends in presentation of GO to the European Group On Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) tertiary referral centres and initial management over time.

Methods: Prospective observational multicentre study.

The use of lyophilized bovine pericardium (Tutopatch®) in the management of third nerve palsy following prior conventional strabismus surgery - a case series.

To study the secondary management of strabismus due to third nerve palsy using bovine pericardium (Tutopatch®) when previous conventional surgical therapy had failed. Review of our clinic records of selected patients with third nerve palsy, in whom residual deviation had been managed using Tutopatch® after previous surgical correction. The squint angle was measured preoperatively, and at 1 day, 3 months, and if possible 6 months postoperatively.

Therapeutic Strategies in 103 Children with Congenital Microphthalmos.

Introduction: Congenital microphthalmos can either occur alone (simple microphthalmos) or be associated with other ocular malformations, such as sclerocornea or cataract (complex microphthalmos). As this is a rare condition, there are no uniform recommendations for treatment.

Material And Methods: Retrospective case series of 103 patients or a total of 114 eyes with congenital microphthalmos, with reporting of age, sex, visual acuity, pupil reaction, axial length, horizontal width of the palpebral fissure, type of therapy performed and complications.

The Nasolacrimal Drainage System in 143 Children with the Microphthalmos-Anophthalmos Complex.

Background: Report of clinical findings relating to the lacrimal system in congenital clinical anophthalmos and severe blind microphthalmos (MAC-complex patients).

Methods: A retrospective study of the notes of 207 consecutive patients treated surgically at least once with highly hydrophilic self-inflating expanders for MAC between 1998 and 2021. The lacrimal drainage system was always probed and irrigated under general anaesthesia before any other procedure was started.

Yokoyama procedure for esotropia associated with high myopia: real-world data from a large-scale multicentre analysis.

Purpose: High myopic patients may develop strabismus due to globe dislocation out of the normal extraocular muscle cone. Surgical correction of this strabismus type is possible by joining the superior and lateral rectus muscles without the need for a scleral suture called the Yokoyama procedure. Data from large patient samples and the evaluation of a potential effect of an additional medial rectus recession (MRR) have been lacking so far.

Sulthiame impairs mitochondrial function in vitro and may trigger onset of visual loss in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.

Background: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrial disorder and characterized by acute or subacute painless visual loss. Environmental factors reported to trigger visual loss in LHON mutation carriers include smoking, heavy intake of alcohol, raised intraocular pressure, and some drugs, including several carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The antiepileptic drug sulthiame (STM) is effective especially in focal seizures, particularly in benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes, and widely used in pediatric epileptology.

Postoperative Behaviour after Primary Strabismus Surgery in Children: Is There an Influence of Intraoperative Topical Anaesthesia?

Introduction: The course of the recovery phase after general anaesthesia, during which consciousness and pain gradually return, is essentially determined by the choice of anaesthetic drug, and its total dose or duration of application. This phase is often complicated by more or less severe agitation, especially in children. In the present study we investigated whether the application of a topical anaesthetic to the conjunctiva at the end of a strabismus operation had a positive effect on the recovery behaviour of the child.

[Diseases of the Lacrimal Gland].

Tear gland diseases are comparatively rare in daily ophthalmological practice. The aim of this article is on the one hand to present the necessary basic knowledge and on the other hand to draw a bow to important current publications on the subject in order to provide the reader with sufficient knowledge for daily practice after reading it.Inflammatory (acute and chronic specific dacryoadenitis, idiopathic dacryoadenitis), neoplastic (epithelial and nonepithelial) and structural (cysts etc.

A novel homozygous nonsense mutation of VPS13B associated with previously unreported features of Cohen syndrome.

Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with mutations in the vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog B (VPS13B; formerly COH1) gene. The core clinical phenotype comprises a characteristic facial gestalt, marked developmental delay, and myopia. Additional, nonobligatory features include obesity, microcephaly, short stature, muscular hypotonia, scoliosis, narrow hands and feet, progressive retinopathy, as well as neutropenia.