Trends in Neighborhood Opportunity, Hospitalizations, and Costs for Pediatric Asthma.

Objective: To evaluate changes in (1) admissions and (2) costs of hospitalization over time relative to Child Opportunity Index (COI) levels for pediatric patients with asthma exacerbations.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective study using the PHIS database from 2016 to 2024 for children aged 2 to 18 years who presented to children's hospitals with an asthma exacerbation. Outcomes were odds of admission and costs (per hospitalization) over time relative to COI levels.

Evaluation of Neighborhood Resources and Pediatric Status Epilepticus Outcomes in the Intensive Care Unit Across the United States.

This study aimed to investigate outcomes for children with underlying epilepsy admitted to an intensive care unit for status epilepticus in relation to Child Opportunity Index. Data were obtained from the Pediatric Health Information System for patients aged 1 month to 21 years admitted to the intensive care unit for a primary diagnosis of epilepsy with status epilepticus. Mixed effects regression models were used to estimate the association between Child Opportunity Index and our outcomes: invasive mechanical ventilation, vasoactive medication administration, and in-hospital mortality.

Efficacy of parenteral bronchodilators on ventilatory outcomes in pediatric critical asthma: a national cohort study.

To evaluate the association of parenteral epinephrine and terbutaline use on ventilatory support in children admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with critical asthma in the United States. Data were obtained from the Pediatric Health Information System data base for children ages 2 to 18 years admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of asthma exacerbation from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2023. The primary outcomes included noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and/or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) use after receipt of terbutaline and/or epinephrine.

Learner Handoffs Within Clinical Rotations: From the Resident Perspective.

Purpose: Competency-based medical education relies on repeated longitudinal assessments of learners. Frequent attending physician transitions within clinical rotations present a significant barrier to the educational continuity required in competency-based medical education. Learner handoffs (LHs), or the transfer of information regarding learners on a team among faculty supervisors, is a potential solution.

Incorporating Peer Learning Into Your Breast Imaging Practice.

Traditional score-based peer review has come under scrutiny in recent years, as studies have demonstrated it to be generally ineffective at improving quality. Many practices and programs are transitioning to a peer learning model to replace or supplement traditional peer review. Peer learning differs from traditional score-based peer review in that the emphasis is on sharing learning opportunities and creating an environment that fosters discussion of errors in a nonpunitive forum with the goal of improved patient care.

Management of BIRADS 3, 4A, and 4B Lesions Diagnosed as Pure Papilloma by Ultrasound-Guided Core Needle Biopsy: Is Surgical Excision Necessary?

Rationale And Objectives: There is lack of consensus on managing papillomas due to varied upgrade rates in the literature related to variability in the studied populations. We specifically studied upgrade rates of pure papilloma diagnosed with ultrasound core biopsy (UCB) using spring-loaded (SLB) and vacuum-assisted (VAB) biopsy devices in patients with low-to-intermediate pre-test probability for malignancy on imaging.

Materials & Methods: From 01/01/2008 to 06/30/2016, 227 patients with 248 pure papillomas classified as BI-RADS 3, 4a, and 4b were diagnosed by UCB and underwent surgical excision or clinical and/or imaging follow-up.

Perioperative management of spontaneous splenorenal shunts in orthotopic liver transplant patients.

Objectives: Spontaneous splenorenal shunts cause significant vascular steal from the liver. There is no accepted algorithm for treating spontaneous splenorenal shunts before, during, or after liver transplant, and evidence for efficacy of treatments remains limited.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the literature, and our institution's experience regarding spontaneous splenorenal shunts, including a case series of 6 patients with spontaneous splenorenal shunts undergoing transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunts, a case of intraoperative ligation of a large spontaneous splenorenal shunts during transplant, and 1 patient requiring multiple endovascular interventions to embolize recurrent spontaneous splenorenal shunts after orthotopic liver transplant.