Agitation, Delirium, and Cognitive Outcomes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: Delirium predicts higher long-term cognitive morbidity. We previously identified a cohort of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and delirium and found worse outcomes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the domain of cognitive function.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that agitation would have additional prognostic significance on later cognitive function HRQoL.

Hematoma Locations Predicting Delirium Symptoms After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: Delirium symptoms are associated with later worse functional outcomes and long-term cognitive impairments, but the neuroanatomical basis for delirium symptoms in patients with acute brain injury is currently uncertain. We tested the hypothesis that hematoma location is predictive of delirium symptoms in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, a model disease where patients are typically not sedated or bacteremic.

Methods: We prospectively identified 90 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who underwent routine twice-daily screening for delirium symptoms with a validated examination.

23.4% Saline Decreases Brain Tissue Volume in Severe Hepatic Encephalopathy as Assessed by a Quantitative CT Marker.

Objective: Cerebral edema is common in severe hepatic encephalopathy and may be life threatening. Bolus 23.4% hypertonic saline improves surveillance neuromonitoring scores, although its mechanism of action is not clearly established.

Neurochecks as a Biomarker of the Temporal Profile and Clinical Impact of Neurologic Changes after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: We sought to determine whether a quantitative neurocheck biomarker could characterize the temporal pattern of early neurologic changes after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and the impact of those changes on long-term functional outcomes.

Methods: We enrolled cases of spontaneous ICH in a prospective observational study. Patients underwent a baseline Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment, then hourly neurochecks using the GCS in a neuroscience intensive care unit.

Magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography for identification and quantification of intraventricular hemorrhage.

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) may be difficult to detect especially when in small amounts and may affect outcomes. The objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) vs computed tomography (CT) for the identification and quantification of IVH.

Methods: Patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled into a prospective registry between December 2006 and June 2013.