Imiquimod-induced bullous pemphigoid: A case report.

A 72-year-old man treated with 3.5% imiquimod cream for scalp actinic keratoses developed the usual crusted and erosive reaction but developed bullae on the scalp, as well as the limbs and torso after several weeks into treatment. Biopsy confirmed bullous pemphigoid.

Comparing the Hospital Frailty Risk Score and the Clinical Frailty Scale Among Older Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation.

Importance: Frailty is associated with severe morbidity and mortality among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Interventions such as pulmonary rehabilitation can treat and reverse frailty, yet frailty is not routinely measured in pulmonary clinical practice. It is unclear how population-based administrative data tools to screen for frailty compare with standard bedside assessments in this population.

Critical appraisal of a mHealth-assisted community-based cardiovascular disease risk screening program in rural Kenya: an operational research study.

Community health workers (CHWs) can participate in the cascade of hypertension and diabetes management in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their services may be enhanced with mobile health (mHealth) tools. In this operational research study, we describe the AFYACHAT mHealth-assisted cardiovascular health screening program in rural Kenya.

The Role of the TL1A/DR3 Axis in the Activation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Subjects with Eosinophilic Asthma.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are critical for type 2 inflammation. In murine models of asthma, some ILC2s remain activated in the absence of epithelial cell-derived cytokine signaling, implicating alternate stimulatory pathways. DR3 (death receptor 3), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is expressed on ILC2s.

Atopic March: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2020.

In recent decades, the worldwide prevalence of allergic disease has increased considerably. The atopic march is a model aimed at explaining the apparent progression of allergic diseases from atopic dermatitis (AD) to allergic asthma (AA) and to allergic rhinitis (AR). It hypothesizes that allergic disease begins, typically in children, with the development of AD, then AA, and finally progresses to AR.

The role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in eosinophilic asthma.

Eosinophilic asthma has conventionally been proposed to be a T helper 2 driven disease but emerging evidence supports a central role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). These are non-T, non-B cells that lack antigen specificity and produce more IL-5 and IL-13 than CD4 T lymphocytes, on a cell per cell basis, in vitro. Although it is clear that ILC2s and CD4 T cells work in concert with each other to drive type 2 immune responses, kinetic studies in allergic asthma suggest that ILC2s may act locally within the airways to "initiate" eosinophilic responses, whereas CD4 T cells act locally and systemically to "perpetuate" eosinophilic inflammatory responses.