Extensive venolymphatic involvement in infantile Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: A rare case from Ethiopia.

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a triad of clinical features: capillary malformations, venous varicosities, and hypertrophy of soft or bony tissues. This case report presents a 1-year-old infant diagnosed with KTS, exhibiting multifocal pelvic, gluteal, and thigh macrocystic lymphatic malformations alongside significant limb overgrowth. The diagnosis was confirmed through clinical evaluation and advanced imaging techniques, including Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography.

Unexpected culprit: High output heart failure induced by severe anemia from laryngeal leech infestation: A case report.

Leeches are uncommon blood-feeding parasites found in polluted water, posing serious health risks. They typically affect individuals who swim in contaminated streams or drink water that has been contaminated. Once ingested, they can attach in various parts of the upper aero-digestive tract, but leeches in the larynx are rarely observed.

ABCC8 Mutation Causing Permanent Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus in Early Infancy: A Case Report.

Introduction: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare monogenic form of diabetes presenting within the first 6 months of life. It can be transient or permanent; early diagnosis is essential to improve outcomes.

Case Presentation: A 45-day-old male infant presented with fever, dehydration, and marked hyperglycemia.

Clinicopathological patterns and treatment outcomes of pediatric germ cell tumors treated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: a single tertiary hospital experience.

Background: Pediatric germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare, heterogeneous neoplasms with peak incidence in children under 4 years of age and during adolescence. The clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of GCTs are not well-studied in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathological patterns and treatment outcomes of pediatric GCT patients treated at the largest tertiary referral hospital in Ethiopia.

The knotted appendix: an unusual cause of bowel obstruction: a case report.

Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common surgical emergency, but appendico-ileal knotting is an exceptionally rare cause. This condition involves the appendix forming a constricting loop around the ileum, potentially leading to closed-loop obstruction and bowel ischemia. We report the case of a 57-year-old male from Ethiopia who presented with classical features of SBO, including abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, and failure to pass stool and flatus.

Cecal volvulus in malrotation: a rare postpartum complication-a case report.

A cecal volvulus in malrotation in a postpartum patient is an infrequent clinical entity. We present a case of a 24-year-old male patient with cecal volvulus in malrotation. The patient underwent counterclockwise detorsion, division of Ladd's bands, right hemicolectomy with end ileostomy, transverse colopexy, and early ileostomy reversal.

Syringohydromyelia, syringobulbia and syringocephaly associated with Chiari - I malformation: A case report.

Syringohydromyelia, syringobulbia, and syringocephaly are rare manifestations of Chiari-I malformation (CM-I), each resulting from disrupted cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. While syringomyelia is commonly associated with CM-I, the rostral extension of syrinx cavities into the brainstem (syringobulbia) and cerebral parenchyma (syringocephaly) is very rare, with limited cases reported globally. This case report describes a 40-year-old woman presenting with progressive neurological deficits, including hemiparesis, sensory disturbances, and bulbar symptoms.

A rare case of congenital appendiceal duplication complicated by an appendiceal-sigmoid fistula: A case report.

Introduction: Duplication of the appendix is a rare congenital anomaly, occurring in approximately 0.004 % to 0.009 % of the population.

Transducin-like enhancer of split-1 (TLE-1)-positive primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma in a 14-year-old female adolescent: A case report and literature review.

Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma (PPSS) is a rare malignant soft tissue sarcoma primarily affecting adolescents and young adults. Diagnosis relies on clinical examination, radiological imaging, and confirmation through histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Due to nonspecific symptoms, diagnosis is often delayed.

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of posterior cervical arthrodesis and stabilization via lateral mass screwing and rod fixation: a retrospective study at a tertiary hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Lateral mass screw and rod fixation is widely used for posterior cervical arthrodesis and stabilization in cases of cervical instability, trauma, neoplasm, decompression, and deformity correction. However, clinical and radiological data on its outcomes, especially in our setting, remain limited.

Objective: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of posterior cervical arthrodesis and stabilization using lateral mass screws and rod fixation.

Uterine rupture during second-trimester abortion with misoprostol: a case report.

Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analog, is widely used in obstetrics for abortion induction and labor management. Although generally safe, it can lead to rare complications such as uterine rupture, even in patients without prior uterine scarring. This case report describes a 27-year-old gravida 3, para 1 woman with no history of uterine surgery who presented with a second-trimester missed septic abortion.

Successful management of left-sided thoracic impalement in a resource-limited setting: A case report.

Introduction: Thoracic impalement injuries are rare and life-threatening. Managing them in resource-limited settings poses significant challenges.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old male fell 3 m from a tree, sustaining a left-sided chest impalement at the 7th intercostal space along the mid-axillary line.

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome With Coexistent Thyro-Cardiac Disease and Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Case Report.

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome (PVS) is a rare disorder characterized by the triad of dysphagia, iron-deficiency anemia, and esophageal webs. Limited data on its prevalence exist, with most information derived from case reports. We present the case of a 60-year-old woman with a 6-month history of a progressively enlarging anterior neck mass and worsening symptoms of heart failure, heat intolerance, and dysphagia.

A very rare case of ileocolic and appendiceal intussusception with acute appendicitis.

Intussusception is a common cause of bowel obstruction in children, typically occurring in those under 3 years old and often idiopathic. Secondary intussusception is less common in pediatric patients and usually involves a pathological lead point. Appendiceal intussusception is rare, occurring in only 0.

Imaging features of juvenile dermatomyositis complicated by pyomyositis in a 12-year-old boy: A case report.

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the skin and skeletal muscles, often complicated by systemic manifestations and secondary infections. This case report describes a 12-year-old boy with a history of JDM who developed pyomyositis, a rare bacterial infection of skeletal muscles, following immunosuppressive therapy with methotrexate and low-dose steroids. The patient presented with fever, swelling, and tenderness in the left leg, with imaging confirming abscess formation.

Pediatric T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma (THRLBC) in an 8-Year-Old Male Child: A Case Report.

T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) that is uncommon in children. Here, we present the case of an 8-year-old male with a 3-month history of low-grade intermittent fever, significant weight loss, loss of appetite, and progressive abdominal swelling. Examination revealed splenomegaly and a palpable midabdominal mass, with laboratory findings showing bicytopenia.

The appendix as an unexpected culprit of small bowel obstruction: A case report.

Introduction: Appendico-ileal knotting is an extremely rare complication of acute appendicitis resulting in small bowel obstruction (SBO) and potential strangulation. It accounts for a negligible fraction of SBO cases, with only a handful of cases reported globally in the literature. The condition arises when an inflamed or gangrenous appendix forms a knot around the ileum, often exacerbated by adhesions or anatomical variations, leading to closed-loop obstruction and, if untreated, bowel strangulation and gangrene.

Spinal schistosomiasis masquerading as spinal cord tumor in a 12-year-old male adolescent: A case report.

Spinal schistosomiasis, a rare manifestation of schistosomal infection, can closely mimic the presentation of spinal cord tumors and pose significant diagnostic challenges. We present the case of a 12-year-old boy from northern Ethiopia who experienced progressive back pain, tingling sensations in his lower extremities, and intermittent fever. Initially referred with a presumptive diagnosis of myxopapillary ependymoma for pediatric hematology-oncology evaluation, his marked eosinophilia and history of swimming in local rivers raised suspicion for spinal schistosomiasis.

A large type IV-A choledochal cyst mimicking hydatid cyst of the liver: A case report.

Introduction: Choledochal cysts are rare congenital anomalies of the bile ducts, with adult presentations being uncommon. This case is notable for its atypical presentation in a young adult, mimicking a hydatid cyst in a region where echinococcosis is endemic.

Case Presentation: A 22-year-old female presented with a 3-month history of progressive jaundice, accompanied by 5 months of epigastric and right upper quadrant pain, dark urine, pale stools, pruritus, and significant weight loss.

Strangulated Amyand's hernia with testicular necrosis in an adult: A case report.

Introduction: Amyand's hernia is a rare condition defined by the presence of the vermiform appendix within an inguinal hernia sac. The occurrence of Amyand's hernia with testicular necrosis is particularly uncommon, further complicating its clinical presentation and management.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male presented with a two-year history of progressive right scrotal swelling, acutely worsened over four days with pain and fever.

Metachronous descending colon volvulus after sigmoidectomy: a case report.

Volvulus is the rotation or twisting of the intestine around its vascular pedicle. The occurrence of descending volvulus after sigmoidectomy is extremely rare. We report a case of a 35-year-old male who presented with abdominal distention, cramping, and no passage of feces or gas for three days.

Gallbladder perforation due to biliary ascariasis: A case report.

Introduction: Biliary ascariasis is a rare complication of Ascaris lumbricoides infestation, often leading to biliary obstruction and cholangitis. Gallbladder perforation secondary to biliary ascariasis is exceedingly uncommon.

Case Presentation: A 28-year-old female farmer from a rural area presented with a one-year history of intermittent right upper quadrant pain, worsened by fatty meals.