Association between preoperative oxygen reserve index and postoperative pulmonary complications: a prospective observational study.

Background: The oxygen reserve index (ORi) noninvasively measures oxygen levels within the mild hyperoxia range. To evaluate whether a degree of increase in the ORi during preoxygenation for general anesthesia is associated with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).

Methods: We enrolled 154 patients who underwent preoperative pulmonary function tests and were scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia.

Hemodynamic changes in the prone position according to fluid loading after anaesthesia induction in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery: a randomized, assessor-blind, prospective study.

Introduction: A change from the supine to prone position causes hemodynamic alterations. We aimed to evaluate the effect of fluid preloading in the supine position, the subsequent hemodynamic changes in the prone position and postoperative outcomes.

Patients And Methods: This prospective, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted between March and June 2023.

Comparison of Hemodynamic Parameters Based on the Administration of Remimazolam or Sevoflurane in Patients under General Anesthesia in the Beach Chair Position: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

We aimed to evaluate whether the administration of remimazolam as a maintenance agent for general anesthesia affects the occurrence of hypotension compared with sevoflurane when switching to the beach chair position (BCP). We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial from June 2023 to October 2023 in adult patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia in the BCP. A total of 78 participants were randomly allocated to the remimazolam (R) or sevoflurane (S) groups.

Comparison of oxygen reserve index according to the remimazolam or dexmedetomidine for intraoperative sedation under regional anesthesia-A single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the difference in intraoperative oxygen reserve index (ORi) between the sedatives remimazolam (RMMZ) and dexmedetomidine (DEX).

Methods: Seventy-eight adult patients scheduled for sedation under regional anesthesia were randomly assigned to either the DEX ( = 39) or RMMZ ( = 39) group. The primary outcome was the difference in perioperative ORi between the groups.

Application of a cognitive program with a comprehensive strategy feedback for Korean older adults.

This study assesses the effect of a cognitive program with a comprehensive strategy feedback on the cognitive function and memory self-efficacy of community-dwelling older adults and explores its applicability in Korea. The study employed a group pre-posttest design on 10 cognitively normal older participants. The four-week cognitive program involved daily completion of cognitive tasks at home using CoTras-Pro 2 and remotely provided individual non-face-to-face feedback.

Remimazolam Anaphylaxis during Induction of General Anesthesia Confirmed by Provocation Test-A Case Report and Literature Review.

: Remimazolam besylate, a newly developed drug, is linked to various anaphylaxis cases. We present a case of remimazolam anaphylaxis confirmed using a provocation test. : A 51-year-old female patient was scheduled for humeral pinning.

Hemodynamic responses to 1 MAC desflurane inhalation during anesthesia induction with propofol bolus and remifentanil continuous infusion: a prospective randomized single-blind clinical investigation.

Background: Desflurane is not recommended during anesthesia induction because of its sympathetic stimulation effect, particularly in patients with myocardial ischemic disease. To date, the hemodynamic response to 1 MAC desflurane inhalation in combination with remifentanil infusion during anesthesia induction has rarely been reported.

Methods: This investigation was designed to compare hemodynamic responses to 1 MAC desflurane (group D, n = 200) with sevoflurane (group S, n = 200) during anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation in adult patients undergoing elective spine surgery.

Longitudinal Changes in Dual Decline in Memory and Gait Speed Association with Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: Findings from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project.

We investigated the association between dual decline (DD) (loss of memory and gait speed) and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) degeneration in older adults. Data were drawn from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) reflecting changes over 5 years. This study used the NSHAP data set wave 2 (2010-2011, = 3196) and wave 3 (2015-2016, = 4377).

A randomized controlled trial of the effect of ramosetron on postoperative restoration of bowel motility after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.

Objective: To investigate the effect of ramosetron after gynecological laparoscopic surgery on the recovery of bowel function.

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial conducted at Kyung Hee University hospital, South Korea, from August 2016 to September 2017. Patients were randomized to receive either 10 mg dexamethasone before induction of anesthesia (control group C), followed by intravenous administration of patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) or 2 ml normal saline before induction of anesthesia and 0.

Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis during bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate: a report of two cases.

Compared with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), which requires electrolyte-free irrigation fluid, normal saline can be used as the irrigation solution in bipolar and laser TURP. The risk of TURP syndrome and severe electrolyte disturbance is minimized when normal saline is used as the irrigation fluid. However, the use of isotonic saline also causes acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disturbance.

Newly emerged resistance-breaking variants of cucumber mosaic virus represent ongoing host-interactive evolution of an RNA virus.

Understanding the evolutionary history of a virus and the mechanisms influencing the direction of its evolution is essential for the development of more durable strategies to control the virus in crop fields. While the deployment of host resistance in crops is the most efficient means to control various viruses, host resistance itself can act as strong selective pressure and thus play a critical role in the evolution of virus virulence. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), a plant RNA virus with high evolutionary capacity, has caused endemic disease in various crops worldwide, including pepper ( L.

Efficacy and safety of mepolizumab in Korean patients with severe eosinophilic asthma from the DREAM and MENSA studies.

Background/aims: The efficacy and safety of mepolizumab in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma has been evaluated in a global clinical trial programme. This post hoc analysis assesses the efficacy and safety of mepolizumab in Korean patients.

Methods: Data from Korean patients in the Phase III, placebo-controlled, randomised DREAM (MEA112997/NCT01000506) and MENSA (MEA115588/ NCT01691521) studies were included.

A Plant Virus-Based Vector System for Gene Function Studies in Pepper.

While pepper () is a highly recalcitrant species for genetic transformation studies, plant virus-based vectors can provide alternative and powerful tools for transient regulation and functional analysis of genes of interest in pepper. In this study, we established an effective virus-based vector system applicable for transient gain- and loss-of-function studies in pepper using (BBWV2). We engineered BBWV2 as a dual gene expression vector for simultaneous expression of two recombinant proteins in pepper cells.

Pneumothorax after minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for midshaft clavicle fracture: A case report.

Rationale: Isolated fracture of clavicle is usually treated with nonoperative conservative treatment. However, surgical treatment, customized for individual patient's need, is increasingly done. With regard to the surgery of the clavicle fracture, pneumothorax is a possible, but rare complication.

Efficacy and Safety of Benralizumab for Korean Patients With Severe, Uncontrolled Eosinophilic Asthma.

Purpose: In the Phase III SIROCCO trial (NCT01928771), benralizumab significantly reduced asthma exacerbations and improved lung function and symptoms for patients with severe, uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma. The aim of this subgroup analysis was to evaluate efficacy and safety of benralizumab for Korean patients in SIROCCO.

Methods: SIROCCO was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial of 1,204 patients aged 12-75 years with severe asthma uncontrolled by high-dosage inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting β₂-agonists (ICS/LABA).

Comparison of analgesic efficacy of oxycodone and fentanyl after total hip replacement surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Total hip replacement (THR) is often accompanied by severe postoperative pain. We aimed to study whether oxycodone can be an effective alternative for fentanyl in the management of early postoperative pain after total hip replacement.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial on 46 patients scheduled to undergo THR.

A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-blind, Phase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy on Allergic Rhinitis and Safety of a Combination Therapy of Montelukast and Levocetirizine in Patients With Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination of montelukast and levocetirizine in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis with mild to moderate asthma compared with the efficacy and safety of montelukast alone.

Methods: This study was a 4-week, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, Phase III trial. After a 1-week placebo run-in period, the subjects were randomized to receive montelukast (10 mg/day, n = 112) or montelukast (10 mg/day)/levocetirizine (5 mg/day) (n = 116) treatment for 4 weeks.