Co-existence of Primary Glioma and Lymphoma: An Unusual Case Report.

Composite or collision tumors in the central nervous system can significantly impact disease progression and metastasis, potentially affecting treatment efficacy. Studying the mechanisms associated with these tumors can provide neuro-oncologists with insights into tumor diversity, progression, and aid in the development of novel treatments. We encountered an 84-year-old female with memory disturbance who presented with tumors consistent with wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase high-grade glioma and low-grade B-cell lymphoma at the same site.

Biological role and clinicopathological significance of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 in the glioblastoma microenvironment.

Pseudoprogression, often misinterpreted as glioblastoma progression on MRI, results from treatment-induced inflammation and can resolve without additional intervention. This study investigated the role of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) in the glioblastoma microenvironment. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 is associated with inflammation and prognosis in various diseases and its blood concentrations reflect disease-related inflammation.

Role of Random Skin Biopsies in the Diagnosis of Aortic Angiosarcoma.

Aortic angiosarcoma is an extremely rare malignancy that is often diagnosed postoperatively or during autopsy. We present a case that was diagnosed through random skin biopsy. A 75-year-old woman with Alzheimer's disease and chronic kidney disease presented with persistent fever and elevated C-reactive protein levels.

A case of a pilocytic astrocytoma with histological features of anaplasia and unprecedent genetic alterations.

We report a case of pediatric glioma with uncommon imaging, morphological, and genetic features. A one-year-old boy incidentally presented with a tumor in the fourth ventricle. The tumor was completely resected surgically and investigated pathologically.

Increased expression of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 as a predictive biomarker of favorable progression-free survival in meningioma.

Most meningiomas, which are frequent central nervous system tumors, are classified as World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1 because of their slow-growing nature. However, the recurrence rate varies and is difficult to predict using conventional histopathological diagnoses. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is involved in cell signal transduction, cell adhesion, and DNA repair and is a predictive biomarker in different malignant tumors; however, such a relationship has not been reported in meningiomas.

Intratumoral thrombosis as a histological biomarker for predicting epidermal growth factor receptor alteration and poor prognosis in patients with glioblastomas.

Purpose: Intratumoral thrombosis is a specific finding in glioblastomas and considered the origin of palisading necrosis. Its distribution and contribution to the glioblastoma pathophysiology and systemic thrombosis are obscure, although deep vein thrombosis is a common complication in glioblastoma cases.

Methods: Clinicopathological and genetic analyses were performed on 97 glioblastoma tissue specimens to elucidate the role of thrombotic events and associated molecular abnormalities.

Digital spatial profiling of CD4 T cells in classic Hodgkin lymphoma.

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) harbors a small number of Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells scattered among numerous lymphocytes. HRS cells are surrounded by distinct CD4 T cells in a rosette-like manner. These CD4 T cell rosettes play an important role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of CHL.

Case-based similar image retrieval for weakly annotated large histopathological images of malignant lymphoma using deep metric learning.

In the present study, we propose a novel case-based similar image retrieval (SIR) method for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained histopathological images of malignant lymphoma. When a whole slide image (WSI) is used as an input query, it is desirable to be able to retrieve similar cases by focusing on image patches in pathologically important regions such as tumor cells. To address this problem, we employ attention-based multiple instance learning, which enables us to focus on tumor-specific regions when the similarity between cases is computed.

Elevated expression of transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3) reflects aggressiveness of primary central nervous system lymphomas.

Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3) plays an important role in centrosome/microtubule dynamics. Deregulation of centrosomes/microtubules causes mitotic spindle defects, leading to tumorigenesis. However, the correlation between TACC3 and primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) is unknown.

Gliosarcoma with unusual glial components: Two case reports.

Gliosarcoma is characterized by the presence of alternating lesions of glial and mesenchymal components. Although many mesenchymal components have been reported, there are few reports on glial components. We here report two cases of gliosarcoma.

Clinicopathological analysis of immunohistochemical expression of immune checkpoint molecules in follicular lymphoma.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is characterized by an indolent clinical course and a high relapse rate, and often exhibits a diffuse pattern beyond the follicular area. Our group previously reported that immune checkpoint (ICP) pathways, such as programmed cell death (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), are poor prognostic factors for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. In this study, the association between the expression of multiple ICP molecules according to immunohistochemistry and clinicopathological features in FL was determined via immunostaining of 173 biopsy samples.

Expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase in peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

Telomere length is maintained by the activation of telomerase, which causes continuous cell division and proliferation in many carcinomas. A catalytic reverse transcriptase protein (TERT) encoded by the TERT gene plays a critical role in the activation of telomerase. We performed a molecular and pathological analysis of the TERT against three different peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) subtypes: PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL).

TACC3 expression as a prognostic factor in aggressive types of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma patients.

Introduction: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a malignant peripheral T-cell neoplasm associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). The acute and lymphoma subtypes are regarded as aggressive ATLLs, and the overall survival (OS) of patients remains poor. Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3) regulates microtubules, which are associated with cancer-related proteins overexpressed in various cancers.

Central nervous system neuroblastic tumor with FOXR2 activation presenting both neuronal and glial differentiation: a case report.

A subset of central nervous system neuroblastomas (CNS NB), rare primary embryonal CNS tumors, has been encompassed in CNS NB with FOXR2 activation (CNS NB-FOXR2) and usually shows the primitive neuronal architecture and occasional neurocytic differentiation. Here, we report a rare case of 3-year-old female with uncommon morphology of CNS embryonal tumor with FOXR2 activation presenting bidirectional differentiation to neurocytic small primitive cells and astrocytic spindle cells both of which are positive for synaptophysin and GFAP. Ultrastructural study also showed that there were presynaptic structure and intermediate filament in the tumor cells, suggesting glioneuronal differentiation.

Deep learning shows the capability of high-level computer-aided diagnosis in malignant lymphoma.

A pathological evaluation is one of the most important methods for the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. A standardized diagnosis is occasionally difficult to achieve even by experienced hematopathologists. Therefore, established procedures including a computer-aided diagnosis are desired.

Comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis of immune checkpoint molecules in adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Acute or lymphomatous type adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive hematopoietic malignancy with poor prognosis. We previously reported that programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression could predict ATLL outcomes. However, the roles of other immune checkpoint molecules remain largely unknown in ATLL.

Expression of GLUT1 in Pseudopalisaded and Perivascular Tumor Cells Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Patients With Glioblastomas.

Glioblastomas are highly aggressive brain tumors with a particularly poor prognosis. Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1/SLC2A1), a uniporter that is expressed by various carcinomas and may be involved in malignant neoplasm glycometabolism, may also be related to prognosis in glioblastomas. GLUT1 is essential to central nervous system glycometabolism.