Transparent reporting of observational studies emulating a target trial: the TARGET Statement.

Importance: When randomized trials are unavailable or not feasible, observational studies can be used to answer causal questions about the comparative effects of interventions by attempting to emulate a hypothetical pragmatic randomized trial (target trial). Published guidance to aid reporting of these studies is not available.

Objective: To develop consensus based guidance for reporting observational studies performed to estimate causal effects by explicitly emulating a target trial.

Transparent Reporting of Observational Studies Emulating a Target Trial-The TARGET Statement.

Importance: When randomized trials are unavailable or not feasible, observational studies can be used to answer causal questions about the comparative effects of interventions by attempting to emulate a hypothetical pragmatic randomized trial (target trial). Published guidance to aid reporting of these studies is not available.

Objective: To develop consensus-based guidance for reporting observational studies performed to estimate causal effects by explicitly emulating a target trial.

Test-retest reliability and measurement error of the numerical rating scale and visual analogue scale in people with low back pain.

The 0-10 numerical rating scale (NRS) and 0-100 visual analogue scale (VAS) are commonly used to assess pain intensity in low back pain (LBP) trials, but their measurement properties remain unclear. AIMS: We aimed to determine the reliability and measurement error of the NRS and VAS in non-specific LBP. We used a test-retest design with online questionnaire administration.

The effect of medication use on breastfeeding continuation: a systematic review with narrative synthesis.

Background: Medication-related breastfeeding discontinuation occurs when women stop breastfeeding due to medication. While many medicines are safe during breastfeeding, women needing medication are less likely to continue. This disconnect may reflect avoidable barriers and missed opportunities for support.

Prevalence of non-communicable diseases, multimorbidity, and their impact on activity limitations among adults with chronic back pain: a national population-based study in a middle-income country.

Background: Patients with chronic back pain who also have comorbidities are more likely to report severe symptoms and receive inappropriate care. It is still unclear which types of comorbidity are associated with more disabling symptoms.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of chronic non-communicable disease between adults with and without chronic back pain, estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in adults with chronic back pain, and identify comorbidities that are associated with activity limitations.

Effectiveness of Painful Versus Nonpainful Exercise on Pain Intensity, Disability, and Other Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: An Updated Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of painful versus nonpainful exercise on pain, disability, and other patient-reported outcomes in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. This study is an intervention systematic review with meta-analysis. Electronic databases (CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO) and trial registers (ClinicalTrials.

Diversity in Zwitterionic Metal Ammonium Tris(phenolate)s for the Controlled Immortal Polymerization of Lactide: Dramatic Activity Enhancement and Mechanistic Insight on Expansion beyond Zirconium.

Reaction of tris-(2,4-dimethylbenzyl)-amine, HL, with tris- or tetrakis-(alkoxide)-s of large metals consistently affords, respectively, -homoleptic and homoleptic zwitterionic compounds [M-(III)-(HL)-(HL)] (M = Yb-(III), Y-(III), Pr-(III), La-(III), Sc-(III), Sm-(III)) and [M-(IV)-(HL)] (M = Zr-(IV), Hf-(IV), Ce-(IV)). The Zr-(IV) congener is known to be a robust and efficient catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of lactides under industrially relevant solvent-free conditions, exhibiting some heteroselectivity in the polymerization of the racemic monomer. The generality of the synthetic route, encompassing various metals, permits exploration of the role of metal center size and other subtle structural variations in influencing catalytic activity and selectivity.

Evaluation of NHS Injectable Medicines Guide users' information needs related to the co-infusion of intravenous medicines: user survey and Delphi consensus study.

Objectives: To explore intravenous drug compatibility information needs of National Health Service (NHS) Injectable Medicines Guide ('Medusa') users. To develop consensus expert recommendations on the intravenous drug compatibility information that Medusa should include.

Design: A convergent parallel design.

Painful exercise for people with knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Purpose: Determine the feasibility of painful exercise for people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) to inform a future randomised controlled trial. People with KOA were randomised into painful (INT) or non-painful (CON) exercise groups. Both groups performed supervised exercise twice per week for 6 weeks and received standardised education.

Cascading droughts: Exploring global propagation of meteorological to hydrological droughts (1971-2001).

An understanding of the spatiotemporal behaviour of Meteorological drought (MD) and Hydrological drought (HD) is crucial for analysing how drought propagation occurs. Here, drought events were treated as three-dimensional grid structures spanning space (latitude and longitude) and time. 31 years (1971-2001) of global MD and HD events were analysed for evidence of propagation, and the most severe 20 MD events explored in detail.

Exercise adherence is associated with improvements in pain intensity and functional limitations in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain: a secondary analysis of a Cochrane review.

Question: What is the association between exercise adherence and the effects of exercise on pain intensity and functional limitations in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP)?

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Participants: Adults with CNSLBP.

Intervention: Randomised controlled trials of exercise compared with no exercise (eg, usual care, placebo/sham or another conservative treatment).

Conversational Agents to Support Pain Management: A Scoping Review.

Background: Pain-related conditions are the leading cause of years lived with disability globally. Managing pain presents significant challenges, including the need to address multiple biopsychosocial factors and the difficulty in delivering evidence-based treatments. Digital health technologies, such as conversational agents, offer the potential for personalised and accessible pain management.

The influence of education on pain during and following acute exercise in people with knee osteoarthritis: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Explicit education about exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) reduces experimental pain after a single exercise session in pain-free individuals. However, the effect in people with chronic pain is unclear. This study aimed to determine the effect of EIH education on pain during and following exercise in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Imino-Pyrrole Zn(II) Complexes for the Rapid and Selective Chemical Recycling of Commodity Polymers.

Three imino-pyrrole zinc complexes were prepared and applied to the rapid degradation of polylactic acid (PLA) and the depolymerization of bisphenol A polycarbonate (BPA-PC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PLA alcoholysis proceeded rapidly at a range of conditions, including reflux in air. Remarkable activity was demonstrated for the solvent-free methanolysis of PLA at mild conditions with full conversion reached in 11 min at 80 °C.

Are Exercise Interventions for People With Knee Osteoarthritis Dosed Appropriately to Meet the World Health Organisation's Physical Activity Guidelines?

Objective: This study aimed to determine the number and proportion of exercise interventions within preexisting clinical trials for people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) that satisfied the World Health Organisation's (WHO) guidelines for physical activity.

Methods: A descriptive analysis of studies included in an umbrella review was undertaken. Data from each exercise intervention relating to the type, dose and intensity of exercise was extracted, and the number and proportion of interventions that satisfied the WHO guidelines (aerobic, muscle strengthening, balance [for studies where the average age was more than 65 years old], a combination or all) was recorded at the study and intervention level.

Validity and reliability of a method to estimate the potential harm of medication errors by considering both the likelihood and degree of harm.

Objectives: To develop a tool to 'risk score' the potential harm of a medication error by estimating the probability of a range of potential consequences, and assess its feasibility, validity, and reliability.

Methods: The risk score tool described five levels of potential harm developed from an existing risk matrix. Judges estimated the likelihood of harm matching each level, from which a risk score (0-10) was calculated.

Feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of a pilot exercise physiology group service for older people with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Objectives: Type 2 diabetes affects over half a million older Australians. Australian Medicare group exercise and education interventions can support older adults' diabetes management. However, the feasibility and acceptability of accredited exercise physiologist (AEP)-delivered services are yet to be assessed.

Patient preferences for the provision of NHS medicines helpline services: a discrete choice experiment.

Introduction: Patient medicines helpline services (PMHS) can reduce harm and improve medicines adherence and patient satisfaction after hospital discharge. There is little evidence of which PMHS attributes are most important to patients. This would enable PMHS providers to prioritise their limited resources to maximise patient benefit.

"I could 100% see myself getting hurt if I did it wrong": a qualitative exploration of exercise perceptions in people with chronic low back pain.

Purpose: Traditionally, a specific "core" exercise focus has been favoured for chronic low back pain (CLBP) which contrasts holistic exercise approaches. This study aims to explore the perceptions of exercise in people with CLBP and whether exercise itself can convey implicit messages regarding its use in CLBP management in the absence of a clinical narrative.

Materials And Methods: Participants were asked about their CLBP history, views of exercise for CLBP, and current exercise behaviours through online semi-structured interviews.

The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on Resistance Training-Based Changes to Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Desai, I, Wewege, MA, Jones, MD, Clifford, BK, Pandit, A, Kaakoush, NO, Simar, D, and Hagstrom, AD. The effect of creatine supplementation on resistance training-based changes to body composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): 1813-1821, 2024-The purpose of this review was to determine the added effect of creatine supplementation on changes in body composition with resistance training in adults younger than 50 years.

Navigating complexities: clinicians' experiences and systemic challenges in the implementation of evidence-based practice for chronic low back pain - a qualitative study.

Purpose: Implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) for chronic low back pain (CLBP) is poor. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence exercise-based clinicians' implementation of EBP for people with CLBP.

Materials And Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 clinicians (20 physiotherapists and 20 accredited exercise physiologists).

How and why do people with chronic low back pain modify their physical activity? A mixed-methods survey.

Background: This study investigated the impact of Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) on individuals' physical activity (PA) behaviours, specifically, how they modify, cease, or continue PA when experiencing CLBP. The primary aim was to explore the relationship between CLBP and PA and how this is influenced in different contexts (e.g.