Defining the criterion standard for detecting blunt traumatic aortic injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy.

Background: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan (CECT), angiography, transesophageal echocardiography (TEUS), and chest x-ray represent the most adopted diagnostic tests to detect blunt traumatic aortic injuries (BTAIs). This systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy aim to identify the method with the best performance.

Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were screened up to January 28, 2024 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023473041).

Nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1) induction drives mitochondrial biogenesis and attenuates amyloid beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important driver of neurodegeneration and synaptic abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid beta (Aβ) in mitochondria leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, resulting in a vicious cycle of oxidative stress in coordination with a defective electron transport chain (ETC), decreasing ATP production. AD neurons exhibit impaired mitochondrial dynamics, evidenced by fusion and fission imbalances, increased fragmentation, and deficient mitochondrial biogenesis, contributing to fewer mitochondria in brains of AD patients.

Nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1) induction as a powerful strategy to deter mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence in mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for regenerative therapies due to their self-renewal and differentiation capabilities. Pathological microenvironments expose MSCs to senescence-inducing factors such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in MSC functional decline and loss of stemness. Oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, a hallmark of senescence, and is prevalent in aging tissues characterized by elevated ROS levels.

Prophylactic mesh augmentation after laparotomy for elective and emergency surgery: meta-analysis.

Background: Incisional hernia is a common short- and long-term complication of laparotomy and can lead to significant morbidity. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide an up-to-date overview of the laparotomy closure method in elective and emergency settings with the prophylactic mesh augmentation technique.

Methods: The Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were screened without time restrictions up to 21 June 2022 using the keywords 'laparotomy closure', 'mesh', 'mesh positioning', and 'prophylactic mesh', and including medical subject headings terms.

Polymer-Functionalized Mitochondrial Transplantation to Fibroblasts Counteracts a Pro-Fibrotic Phenotype.

Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) leads to excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition-a well-known hallmark of fibrotic disease. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the primary cytokine driving FMT, and this phenotypic conversion is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, notably a metabolic reprogramming towards enhanced glycolysis. The objective of this study was to examine whether the establishment of favorable metabolic phenotypes in TGF-β-stimulated fibroblasts could attenuate FMT.

Lipid nanoparticle-mediated mRNA delivery in lung fibrosis.

mRNA delivery enables the specific synthesis of proteins with therapeutic potential, representing a powerful strategy in diseases lacking efficacious pharmacotherapies. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and subsequent alveolar remodeling. Alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2) and fibroblasts represent important targets in IPF given their role in initiating and driving aberrant wound healing responses that lead to excessive ECM deposition.

Reproducible and Characterized Method for Ponatinib Encapsulation into Biomimetic Lipid Nanoparticles as a Platform for Multi-Tyrosine Kinase-Targeted Therapy.

Ponatinib (Pon) is a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that demonstrated high efficiency for treating cancer. However, severe side effects caused by Pon off-targeting effects prevent its extensive use. Using our understanding into the mechanisms by which Pon is transported by bovine serum albumin in the blood, we have successfully encapsulated Pon into a biomimetic nanoparticle (NP).

Active safety systems for powered two-wheelers: A systematic review.

Active safety systems, of which antilock braking is a prominent example, are going to play an important role to improve powered two-wheeler (PTW) safety. This paper presents a systematic review of the scientific literature on active safety for PTWs. The aim was to list all systems under development, identify knowledge gaps and recognize promising research areas that require further efforts.

Hiatal Surface Area's CT scan measurement is useful in hiatal hernia's treatment of bariatric patients.

Introduction: Hiatal surface area (HSA) measurement has been recently proposed as useful tool for tailored treatment of hiatal defects. Multidetector CT scan (MDCT) of the hiatal area was shown to be useful in hiatal hernia (HH) management.

Purpose: MDCT preoperative HSA measurements validation as a useful method in the surgical repair decision making process of hiatal defects in candidates to antireflux ± bariatric surgery.

A prospective evaluation on external jugular vein cut-down approach for TIVAD implantation.

Background: Totally implantable venous access devices can be implanted both by percutaneous approaches and by surgical approaches with cephalic vein or external jugular vein cut-down techniques that are related to low intraoperative complication rates. The authors report a prospective evaluation of 83 consecutive external jugular vein cut-down approaches for totally implantable venous access devices implantation.

Methods: Eighty three consecutive patients (28 M, 55 F, mean age 54.