Clinical Practice Guidelines for Managing Acute Otitis Media: Literature Review and Systematic Mapping of the Evidence Base.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for managing acute otitis media (AOM) have heterogeneous treatment recommendations. We hypothesized that this variability may be due to differences in the evidence cited to support the recommendations, and we first wanted to investigate whether this difference existed.

Objective: To analyze the studies on which different national and international CPGs are based regarding the indication for antibiotic therapy in patients with AOM.

High incidence of pneumonia cases observed in children seen in general practice consultations during the 2023-2024 season, France.

Background: An increase in hospitalizations for respiratory illnesses due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae was reported in France in late October 2023. Data in primary care are scarce and microbiological or radiological investigations are not routinely recommended for community-acquired pneumonia.

Methods: We computed weekly incidence rates of pneumonia and bronchiolitis cases from the electronic records of French general practitioners from January 2016 to August 2024.

Early-Onset Aortic Dissection: Characterization of a New Pathogenic Splicing Variation in the Gene with Several In-Frame Abnormal Transcripts.

Rare pathogenic variants in the gene are responsible for thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. They are usually heterozygous missense variants or in-frame deletions of several amino acids without alteration of the reading frame and mainly affect the coiled-coil domain of the protein. Variants leading to a premature stop codon have been described in patients with another phenotype, megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome, with an autosomal recessive inheritance.

A critical appraisal of acute sore throat guidelines using the AGREE II instrument: a scoping review.

Background: Conflicting international guidelines exist on the management of sore throat by antibiotics.

Objectives: To assess with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE) instrument the quality of guidelines for uncomplicated acute group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) sore-throat. To make a sensitivity analysis restricted to guidelines with a rigour of development score higher than 60% and to describe their recommendations on scores, tests, and antibiotic therapy, including their justification.

Trends in clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins use in women with infertility between 2010 and 2017: A population-based study in France.

Purpose: To describe temporal trends and assess factors associated with changes in the prescription of clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins between 2010 and 2017 in women with infertility aged 18-50 from metropolitan France.

Methods: 6321 prevalent women from a representative sample of the national medico-administrative database were identified. We performed a Cochran-Armitage trend test and calculated the rate ratios.

Bisphosphonate Use and Hospitalization for Hip Fractures in Women: An Observational Population-Based Study in France.

Bisphosphonates are widely used in the treatment of women at risk of osteoporotic hip fracture; however, the overall effectiveness of bisphosphonates in the prevention of osteoporotic fractures has not been studied in real life. To investigate whether the use of bisphosphonates in women aged 50 years and over is associated with a decrease in hospitalization for osteoporotic hip fractures, a historical prospective cohort study was conducted between 2009 and 2016 from a permanent representative sample consisting of 1/97 of the French health insurance beneficiaries. Bisphosphonate use was defined according to medication persistence and adherence regarding bisphosphonate dispensations.

Implementation of a top five list to identify medical overuse in general practice according to patients' viewpoint in 2019 in France.

Background: There is a current trend to reassess the adequacy of care. Establishing top five lists by involving patients is one way to address medical overuse. The objective of this study was to establish a patients' top five list in general practice in France.

The evolution of anti-emetic prescriptions in primary care, between 2006 and 2016.

Context: Serious adverse events related to the use of domperidone and metoclopramide have been consistently reported in the literature for many years. This led to a restriction of their use in the early 2010s.

Objective: The main objective was to analyse the evolution of antiemetic prescription rate in French general practise between 2006 and 2016.

A top 5 list for French general practice.

Background: Medical overuse is an issue that has recently gained attention. The "Choosing Wisely" campaign invited each specialty in each country to create its own top five lists of care procedures with a negative benefit-risk balance to promote dialogue between patients and physicians. This study aims to create such a list for French general practice.

Determinants of antidementia drug prescription in patients older than 65: A latent class analysis.

Background: Antidementia drugs (cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine) are still widely prescribed despite their controversial effects and 2011 guidelines that no longer encourage their prescription. The objective was to assess which factors remained determinants of antidementia drug prescriptions.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2013.

Avoiding disease mongering: A checklist for vascular physicians and researchers.

Disease mongering is an expression created in 1992 by a medical journalist, Lynn Payer, to qualify the "selling of sickness that widens the boundaries of treatable illness in order to expand markets for those who sell and deliver treatments". This interesting concept led us to question whether, as researchers with publication and career interests in superficial vein thrombosis, we were not shaping a benign condition into a disease. Since the publication of the CALISTO trial in 2010, anticoagulant management of superficial vein thrombosis remains debated.

Prevalence of Giant Cell Arteritis Relapse in Patients Treated With Glucocorticoids: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The relapse rate of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) alone varied widely in observational series and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence of relapse and predisposing factors in patients receiving GCs alone.

Methods: We searched Medline up to December 2017.

Efficacy of teicoplanin monotherapy following initial standard therapy in Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Teicoplanin is often used in Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis as a relay in case of penicillin side effects, or in outpatients. We assessed the efficacy of teicoplanin used as continuation therapy after initial standard treatment of E. faecalis endocarditis.

Non-steroids anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of peritonsillar abscess in pharyngitis: a French longitudinal study in primary care†.

Background: The safety of non-steroids anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the context of pharyngitis is doubtful with contradictory results in the literature.

Objective: To evaluate the risk of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) associated to NSAIDs consumption during a pharyngitis episode observed in primary care.

Method: A retrospective cohort study using Observatory of General Medicine Datalink from 1995 to 2010.

Factors associated with the duration of symptoms in adult women with suspected cystitis in primary care.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated to the duration of symptoms of cystitis.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a nested survival study using Druti study data. Druti was a cross-sectional survey conducted in adult women visiting a general practitioner in France, for a suspected urinary tract infection between January 2012 and February 2013.

Drugs for Dementia and Excess of Hospitalization: A Longitudinal French Study.

Background: The impact of adverse effects of drugs for dementia on the risk of hospitalization has not been much studied despite the impact of hospitalizations on cognitive decline.

Objective: To determine if the main adverse effects of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine may be associated with excess of hospitalization and to quantify the subsequent impact on healthcare expenditures.

Methods: A representative sample of the French national health insurance beneficiaries aged 65 and older and suffering from dementia were included and followed from 2007 to 2014.

Digital, analogue, or redundant speedometers for truck driving: Impact on visual distraction, efficiency and usability.

Existing literature does not draw conclusions as to which speedometer type is better for truck driving. A digital speedometer would be more beneficial when obtaining absolute and relative readings, while an analogue speedometer would be more efficient and less distracting when detecting dynamic speed changes. Redundant speedometers, which simultaneously present digital and analogue speedometers, appear increasingly in vehicles, but no information is available on their ergonomic qualities.

Trends in Drug Prescription Rates for Dementia: An Observational Population-Based Study in France, 2006-2014.

Background: Since the 2011 French guidance updates, cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are considered optional in the management of dementia and leave physicians free to prescribe based on their clinical expertise.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to analyze the influence of these recent guidance updates on the prescription rates of these drugs and to quantify the impact of potential changes on healthcare expenditures.

Methods: Patients over 65 years old from a representative sample of a national administrative claims database, the French national health insurance database, were retrospectively included from 2006 to 2014.

The patient, the doctor, and the patient's loyalty: a qualitative study in French general practice.

Background: The term loyalty can be defined as the attachment that characterises someone who consistent in their feelings, affections, or habits. By introducing the Declaration of General Practitioner (or preferred doctor declaration) in 2004, France adopted a formal incentive for patients to be faithful to their doctor since it entailed optimal coverage of medical care by their national health insurance There has been no research evaluating the impact of this measure and to determine the components of doctor-patient loyalty.

Aim: To explore what builds and maintains patients' loyalty to their GP.

Automotive HMI design and participatory user involvement: review and perspectives.

Automotive human-machine interface (HMI) design is facing new challenges due to the technological advances of the last decades. The design process has to be adapted in order to address human factors and road safety challenges. It is now widely accepted that user involvement in the HMI design process is valuable.

Effectiveness of a Forward Collision Warning System in simple and in dual task from an electrophysiological perspective.

Forward Collision Warning Systems (FCWS) are expected to assist drivers; however, it is not completely clear whether these systems are of benefit to distracted drivers as much as they are to undistracted drivers. This study aims at investigating further the analysis of the effectiveness of a surrogate FCWS according to the attentional state of participants. In this experiment electrophysiological and behavioural data were recording while participants were required to drive in a simple car simulator and to react to the braking of the lead vehicle which could be announced by a warning system.