Assessing heart rate fragmentation to predict atrial fibrillation in the general population aged 65: the PROOF-AF study.

Aims: Screening the general population aged 65 for atrial fibrillation (AF) has been proposed as a preventive measure against potential complications. Metrics derived from heart rate variability (HRV) that depict heart rate fragmentation (HRF) have been suggested to reflect autonomic nervous system dysfunction. The aim of the study was to assess the predictive capacity of HRV markers, including HRF, for AF occurrence over an 18-year follow-up and to develop a predictive score for AF onset among the general population aged 65 at the study's inception.

A human anti-matriptase-2 antibody limits iron overload, α-globin aggregates, and splenomegaly in β-thalassemic mice.

Iron plays a major role in the deterioration of β-thalassemia. Indeed, the high levels of transferrin saturation and iron delivered to erythroid progenitors are associated with production of α-globin precipitates that negatively affect erythropoiesis. Matriptase-2/TMPRSS6, a membrane-bound serine protease expressed in hepatocytes, negatively modulates hepcidin production and thus is a key target to prevent iron overload in β-thalassemia.

Periodic leg movements during sleep and cognitive functioning in the older general population.

Objective: The current evidence of a relationship between periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) and cognitive functioning is limited and inconsistent. This cross-sectional study assessed associations between PLMS and cognitive functioning among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We included community-dwelling older adults who underwent a polysomnography and a cognitive assessment.

Obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive functioning in the older general population: The moderating effect of age, sex, ApoE4, and obesity.

Research on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive functioning has yielded conflicting results, particularly in the older population, and moderators of this association have rarely been studied. Here we investigated the cross-sectional association between obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive functioning as well as the moderating effect of age, sex, apolipoprotein E4, and obesity on this association among community-dwelling older people. We analysed data from 496 participants (71.

Pulse Wave Amplitude Drops Index: A Biomarker of Cardiovascular Risk in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

It is currently unclear which patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at increased cardiovascular risk. To investigate the value of pulse wave amplitude drops (PWADs), reflecting sympathetic activations and vasoreactivity, as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in OSA. PWADs were derived from pulse oximetry-based photoplethysmography signals in three prospective cohorts: HypnoLaus ( = 1,941), the Pays-de-la-Loire Sleep Cohort (PLSC;  = 6,367), and "Impact of Sleep Apnea syndrome in the evolution of Acute Coronary syndrome.

Effect of oxybutynin and reboxetine on obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial.

Study Objectives: Although recent investigations combining noradrenergic and antimuscarinic drugs have shown promising short-term results to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the mid-term effect and optimal dosage remain uncertain. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 1 week of 5 mg oxybutynin and 6 mg reboxetine (oxy-reb) on OSA versus placebo.

Methods: We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial comparing the effect of 1 week of oxy-reb versus 1 week of placebo on OSA severity.

Obstructive sleep apnoea and 5-year cognitive decline in the elderly.

Background: The relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and cognitive decline remains controversial, especially in the elderly population. We used data from the HypnoLaus study to assess associations between OSA and longitudinal cognitive changes in a sample of community-dwelling elderly individuals.

Methods: We studied associations between polysomnographic OSA parameters (of breathing/hypoxaemia and sleep fragmentation) and cognitive changes over a 5-year period, after adjustment for potential confounders.

The effect of a pressure ventilatory support on quadriceps endurance is maintained after exercise training in severe COPD patients. A longitudinal randomized, cross over study.

In severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, the application of an inspiratory pressure support (IPS) during exercise increases exercise tolerance and the benefit of exercise training during pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Moreover, it improves quadriceps endurance after a session of cycling exercise suggesting a reduced muscle fatigue. We looked for the persistence of this effect after PR and sought an association between the improved quadriceps endurance with IPS and the training load during PR.

Prenatal stress induces changes in PAR2- and M3-dependent regulation of colon primitive cells.

Prenatal stress is associated with a high risk of developing adult intestinal pathologies, such as irritable bowel syndrome, chronic inflammation, and cancer. Although epithelial stem cells and progenitors have been implicated in intestinal pathophysiology, how prenatal stress could impact their functions is still unknown. We have investigated the proliferative and differentiation capacities of primitive cells using epithelial crypts isolated from colons of adult male and female mice whose mothers have been stressed during late gestation.

Targeting autonomic nervous system as a biomarker of well-ageing in the prevention of stroke.

Stroke prediction is a key health issue for preventive medicine. Atrial fibrillation (AF) detection is well established and the importance of obstructive sleep apneas (OSA) has emerged in recent years. Although autonomic nervous system (ANS) appears strongly implicated in stroke occurrence, this factor is more rarely considered.

The effect of tongue elevation muscle training in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Oropharyngeal myofunctional therapy is a multi-component therapy effective to reduce the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, existing protocols are difficult to replicate in the clinical setting. There is a need to isolate the specific effectiveness of each component of the therapy.

Association Between Sleep Microstructure and Incident Hypertension in a Population-Based Sample: The HypnoLaus Study.

Background Poor sleep quality is associated with increased incident hypertension. However, few studies have investigated the impact of objective sleep structure parameters on hypertension. This study investigated the association between sleep macrostructural and microstructural parameters and incident hypertension in a middle- to older-aged sample.

Respiratory Polygraphy Patterns and Risk of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity is based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). The AHI is a simplistic measure that is inadequate for capturing disease severity and its consequences in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Deleterious effects of OSA have been suggested to influence the prognosis of specific endotypes of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Abnormal brain iron accumulation in obstructive sleep apnea: A quantitative MRI study in the HypnoLaus cohort.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is disturbed iron homeostasis leading to abnormal iron deposition in brain tissue. To date, there is no empirical evidence to support the hypothesis of altered brain iron homeostasis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea as well.

Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: Prevalence, Features and Associated Factors.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) represents a risk factor for sleep disorders, but there are conflicting results about the prevalence and severity of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) in MS. Most available data come from self-administered questionnaires.

Objective: To conduct a polysomnographic study in MS focused on SRBD, compared to a group of healthy controls (HC), also considering the neuroimaging findings.

Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in an African general population: The Benin Society and Sleep (BeSAS) study.

Background: Data on the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in the African general population are scarce, and a better understanding is urgently needed. Our study aimed to objectively determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, SDB in a large sample in Benin, west Africa.

Methods: In the Benin Society and Sleep (BeSAS) cross-sectional study, participants aged 25 years and older were recruited from both urban and rural areas.

Resistance Training of Inspiratory Muscles After Coronary Artery Disease May Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation: RICAOS Study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 5% of the adult population and its prevalence is up to 13 times higher in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, OSA in this population is less symptomatic, leading to lower adherence to positive airway pressure (CPAP). While oropharyngeal exercise showed a significant decrease in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with moderate OSA, there have been no studies testing the impact of specific inspiratory muscle training (IMT) for these patients.

The Relationship Between Postoperative Opioid Analgesia and Sleep Apnea Severity in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Controlled, Triple-Blinded Trial.

Purpose: Residual postoperative pain after hip arthroplasty is usually treated with oral opioids. While classic opioids are associated with respiratory depression and worsening of sleep apnea, tramadol has been reported to preserve respiratory function. However, this has not been investigated in a prospective trial using respiratory polygraphy.